Pictorial essay: MRI evaluation of endometriosis-associated neoplasms.

Endometriosis is a frequent pathology mostly affecting women of young age. When typical aspects are present, the diagnosis can easily be made at imaging, especially at MRI. Transformation of benign endometriosis to endometriosis-associated neoplasms is rare.

Body Mass Index, Sarcopenia, and Their Variations in Predicting Outcomes for Patients Treated with Nivolumab for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Introduction: The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) such as nivolumab has enabled outcomes for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) to be improved. However, only around 25% of patients respond to these therapies without being able to formally identify them. Data on relevant predictive markers are still lacking.

Laparoscopic management of advanced epithelial ovarian cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy: a phase II prospective multicenter non-randomized trial (the CILOVE study).

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility and safety of the laparoscopic approach after neoadjuvant chemotherapy among selected chemosensitive patients with advanced ovarian cancer.

Methods: The CILOVE study was a phase II prospective non-randomized multicenter study. It aimed to enroll 47 women with unresectable disease at the time of initial diagnosis (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage IV and/or diffuse extensive carcinomatosis for advanced FIGO stage IIIC or patients unfit to withstand radical primary surgery), in response to chemotherapy and fit to undergo laparoscopy.

Ovarian metastases from ileal neuroendocrine tumour: Multimodality imaging.

We present a rare case of large bilateral ovarian tumours, secondarily revealing an ileal neuroendocrine tumour in a 71-year-old woman. Magnetic resonance examination showed bilateral ovarian, entirely solid lesions with a fibrous content and marked enhancement. Computed tomography was able to show a mesenteric retractile mass and a satellite suspicious ileal wall thickening.

The prognostic influence of the proliferative discordance in metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma revealed by peptide receptor radionuclide therapy: Case report and review of literature.

Rationale: Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNET) are rare slowly growing tumors with a high metastatic potential. Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) with radiolabeled analogues has been developed as a new tool for the management of metastatic well-differentiated (grade 1 and 2) neuroendocrine tumors expressing somatostatin receptor (SSTR2). Chemotherapy is the mainstay in the management of grade 3 (G3) unresectable pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma (pNEC).

Prostatosymphyseal fistula and osteomyelitis pubis following transurethral resection of the prostate: CT and MRI findings.

We present a very rare case of osteomyelitis pubis in a 75-year-old male patient due to a prostatosymphyseal fistula, which constituted a few weeks after trans-urethral resection of the prostate. The patient had a previous history of prostatic carcinoma treated by radiotherapy, which may have played a role in the development of the fistula. Computed tomography with excretory phase and magnetic resonance imaging were performed and enabled to make the final diagnosis.

Spontaneous T1-Hyperintensity Within an Ovarian Lesion: Spectrum of Diagnoses.

Whenever elevated signal intensity is displayed at magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) within an ovarian lesion on unenhanced T1-weighted sequences, some specific diagnoses should be considered because only 3 main components may be responsible for this T1-hyperintensity at MRI: fat, blood products, and proteinaceous or mucinous material. The associated clinical data and concomitant use of T2-weighted sequences and fat-saturation techniques is mandatory to make this tissue characterization possible. The goal of this pictorial review is to provide a simple radiologic reasoning and the differential diagnoses to consider in the presence of spontaneous elevated signal intensity on T1-weighted sequences within a cystic or solid ovarian tumour.

Hepatic capsular retraction: spectrum of diagnosis at MRI.

Hepatic capsular retraction is an imaging feature that deserves the attention of the radiologist. Hepatic capsular retraction is associated with a number of hepatic lesions, benign or malignant, treated or untreated. The purpose of this pictorial review is to discuss the most common benign and malignant hepatic lesions associated with this feature with an emphasis on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Aggressive silent GH pituitary tumor resistant to multiple treatments, including temozolomide.

Temozolomide (TMZ) has been proposed as a therapeutic option in aggressive pituitary tumors. Among the published cases, GH expressing tumors were rare. We describe a patient with initially benign silent GH adenoma that transformed into an aggressive GH secreting tumor resistant to usual therapy.

Peribiliary cysts mistaken for a biliary dilatation in a cirrhosis patient.

Peribiliary cysts are common in patients with chronic liver disease. Ambiguous imaging features and association with cirrhosis-induced hyperbilirubinemia may lead to misdiagnose an obstructive jaundice. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) may be a useful sequence by showing small cystic structures with a specific periportal distribution on both sides of the portal veins, which do not communicate with the biliary ducts.

Mixed endometrioid and serous carcinoma developing in abdominal wall endometriosis following Cesarean section.

Abdominal wall endometriosis is unusual and mostly occurs in scars following Cesarean section. Although malignant transformation is rare, it must be recognized in order to benefit from radical resection. We report a very rare case of mixed endometrioid and serous carcinoma developing in a Cesarean section endometriosis scar and the way we managed it using surgery and chemotherapy.