Twenty four-hour passive heat and cold exposures did not modify energy intake and appetite but strongly modify food reward.

Effects of acute thermal exposures on appetite appear hypothetical in reason of very heterogeneous methodologies. The aim of this study was therefore to clearly define the effects of passive 24-h cold (16°C) and heat (32°C) exposures on appetitive responses compared with a thermoneutral condition (24°C). Twenty-three healthy, young and active male participants realised three sessions (from 13.

Appropriateness of indirect markers of muscle damage following lower limbs eccentric-biased exercises: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

Purpose: The aim of this review was to (1) characterize the time-course of markers of exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) based on the level of maximal voluntary contraction torque loss at 24-48h post-exercise (MVCloss24-48h), (2) identify factors (e.g., exercise and population characteristics) affecting the level of MVCloss24-48h, and (3) evaluate the appropriateness of EIMD markers as indicators of MVCloss24-48h.

The impact of 16-h heat exposure on appetite and food reward in adults.

Heat exposure is thought to reduce energy intake (EI) but studies are sparse and results not always concordant. The aim of this study was to examine whether a 16-h exposure to 32 °C leads to reduced EI compared to a control session (22 °C) and whether modifications in appetite sensations or food reward are implied. Sixteen healthy, lean, and active participants (9 women and 7 men, 25 ± 5 yo, body mass index: 22.

Effects of Acute Heat and Cold Exposures at Rest or during Exercise on Subsequent Energy Intake: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The objective of this meta-analysis was to assess the effect of acute heat/cold exposure on subsequent energy intake (EI) in adults. We searched the following sources for publications on this topic: PubMed, Ovid Medline, Science Direct and SPORTDiscus. The eligibility criteria for study selection were: randomized controlled trials performed in adults (169 men and 30 women; 20-52 years old) comparing EI at one or more meals taken , during and/or after exposure to heat/cold and thermoneutral conditions.

Effect of heat acclimation on metabolic adaptations induced by endurance training in soleus rat muscle.

Aerobic training leads to well-known systemic metabolic and muscular alterations. Heat acclimation may also increase mitochondrial muscle mass. We studied the effects of heat acclimation combined with endurance training on metabolic adaptations of skeletal muscle.

Four-month operational heat acclimatization positively affects the level of heat tolerance 6 months later.

Benefits obtained after heat acclimation/acclimatization should be completely lost after an estimated period of 6 weeks. However, this estimate is still hypothetical. We evaluate the long-term effects of heat acclimatization on the level of heat tolerance.

A basal heat stress test to detect military operational readiness after a 14-day operational heat acclimatization period.

A basal heat stress test (HST) to predict the magnitude of adaptive responses during heat acclimatization (HA) would be highly useful for the armed forces. The aim was to identify physiological markers assessed during a HST (three 8-min running sets at 50% of the speed at VO) performed just before a 14-day HA period that would identify participants still at "risk" at the end of HA. Individuals that responded poorly (large increases in rectal temperature [T] and heart rate [HR]) during the initial HST were more likely to respond favorably to HA (large reductions in T and HR).

Beneficial effects of exercise training on cognitive performances during total sleep deprivation in healthy subjects.

Objective: Exercise training has been shown to improve learning and memory, and to protect against the negative impact of sleep deprivation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of seven weeks of moderate- and high-intensity interval exercise training on vigilance/sustained attention, inhibition processes and working memory during 40-h total sleep deprivation (TSD) in 16 healthy young men.

Methods: The subjects were evaluated before (Baseline, BAS) and during TSD, and the day after a night of recovery sleep (Recovery, REC).

Resting Muscle Shear Modulus Measured With Ultrasound Shear-Wave Elastography as an Alternative Tool to Assess Muscle Fatigue in Humans.

The aim of this study was to investigate the time course of the resting (VL) muscle shear elastic modulus (μ) measured with ultrasound shear-wave elastography during repetition of isometric maximal voluntary contractions (MVCs) of the knee extensors (KE). Fifteen well-trained young males repeated 60 5-s isometric MVCs. Evoked electrical stimulations and the VLμ were measured every ten MVCs at rest.

The effect of a physiological increase in temperature on mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation in rat myofibers.

We investigated the effect of temperature increase on mitochondrial fatty acid (FA) and carbohydrate oxidation in the slow-oxidative skeletal muscles (soleus) of rats. We measured mitochondrial respiration at 35°C and 40°C with the physiological substrates pyruvate + 4 mM malate (Pyr) and palmitoyl-CoA (PCoA) + 0.5 mM malate + 2 mM carnitine in permeabilized myofibers under nonphosphorylating () or phosphorylating () conditions.

Uncoupling psychological from physiological markers of heat acclimatization in a military context.

Heat acclimatization may help personnel who travel to areas with a hot climate (WBGT > 27 °C), making them operationally more efficient and performant through improvements in physiological and psychological parameters. Their work-related physical activities may aid active heat acclimatization. However, it is unknown whether adding physical training to improve adaptation is effective, particularly if there is sufficient time for full acclimatization, classically reached after 15 days.

Short-Term, Low-Volume Training Improves Heat Acclimatization in an Operational Context.

Personnel who travel to areas with a hot climate (WBGT > 27°C) may suffer from the heat (physiological strain, thermal discomfort, increased probability of heat illness), making them partially or fully inoperative. Performing physical activities during heat acclimatization is known to improve this process (i.e.

Protective effects of exercise training on endothelial dysfunction induced by total sleep deprivation in healthy subjects.

Background: Sleep loss is a risk factor for cardiovascular events mediated through endothelial dysfunction.

Aims: To determine if 7weeks of exercise training can limit cardiovascular dysfunction induced by total sleep deprivation (TSD) in healthy young men.

Methods: 16 subjects were examined during 40-h TSD, both before and after 7weeks of interval exercise training.

External beam radiotherapy in the management of spinal metastases: review of current strategies and perspectives for highly conformal irradiation modalities.

Bone metastases are frequent in advanced metastatic solid tumors. These secondary lesions are responsible for significant impairment of quality of life of patients with onset of pain, which is frequently resistant to standard analgesics. The therapeutic challenge for a patient with spinal metastasis is to maintain a quality of life as good as possible, commensurate with its life expectancy.