Economic evaluation of the recent French tobacco control policy: a model-based approach.

Background: One in four French adults smoked daily in 2021, compared with one in six in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. To strengthen its tobacco control policy, in 2016, France has started implementing a policy package that includes a 3-year gradual price increase, plain packaging, an annual social marketing campaign promoting cessation and the reimbursement of nicotine replacement products. This study aims to evaluate the health and economic impact of this policy package.

Health protective behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic: Risk adaptation or habituation?

Many epidemiological works show that human behaviours play a fundamental role in the spread of infectious diseases. However, we still do not know much about how people modify their Health Protective Behaviours (HPB), such as hygiene or social distancing measures, over time in response to the health threat during an epidemic. In this study, we examined the role of the epidemiological context in engagement in HPB through two possible mechanisms highlighted by research into decision-making under risk: risk adaptation and risk habituation.

Digital contact tracing during the COVID-19 pandemic in France: Associated factors and reasons for non-use.

Objectives: To estimate the proportion of users of the TousAntiCovid app(lication) and identify factors associated with its non-use for contact tracing.

Methods: We conducted an online survey of a quota sample of French adults between 8 and 18 January 2021. Three categories of TousAntiCovid use were considered: contact tracing, other or temporary usage, and no use.

Quantifying healthcare and welfare sector workers' preferences around COVID-19 vaccination: a cross-sectional, single-profile discrete-choice experiment in France.

Objectives: To analyse preferences around promotion of COVID-19 vaccination among workers in the healthcare and welfare sector in Fance at the start of the vaccination campaign.

Design: Single-profile discrete-choice experiment. Respondents in three random blocks chose between accepting or rejecting eight hypothetical COVID-19 vaccination scenarios.

Correlates of intended COVID-19 vaccine acceptance across time and countries: results from a series of cross-sectional surveys.

Objective: Describe demographical, social and psychological correlates of willingness to receive a COVID-19 vaccine.

Setting: Series of online surveys undertaken between March and October 2020.

Participants: A total of 25 separate national samples (matched to country population by age and sex) in 12 different countries were recruited through online panel providers (n=25 334).

Effectiveness of 'Mois sans tabac 2016': A French social marketing campaign against smoking.

Introduction: In October 2016, the first edition of (Tobacco-Free Month) was launched, a campaign which had invited French smokers to challenge themselves to quit smoking for the whole month of November. We aimed to study the effectiveness of this social marketing intervention on quit attempts (QA) in the general French population, and to study possible differences according to sociodemographic characteristics.

Methods: This study used data from the 2017 Health Barometer survey, a random survey conducted by telephone on 25319 individuals.

["New approaches and new methods for preventing smoking among adolescents"].

"New approaches and new methods for preventing smoking among adolescents .The design of smoking prevention programs requires a good understanding of the network of influences leading to smoking, whether they are developmental, physiological, psychological, sociological or economic in nature. Prevention programs also need to be rigorously evaluated and then scaled up to benefit as many people as possible.

Early Acceptability of a Mobile App for Contact Tracing During the COVID-19 Pandemic in France: National Web-Based Survey.

Background: Several countries have implemented mobile apps in an attempt to trace close contacts of patients with COVID-19 and, in turn, reduce the spread of SARS-CoV-2. However, the effectiveness of this approach depends on the adherence of a large segment of the population.

Objective: The aims of this study were to evaluate the acceptability of a COVID-19 contact tracing mobile app among the French population and to investigate the barriers to its use.

Changes in smoking and alcohol consumption during COVID-19-related lockdown: a cross-sectional study in France.

Background: In many countries, lockdown measures were implemented to curb the COVID-19 pandemic. This situation may have an impact on mental health, tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption. The aim of this research report is therefore to describe changes in tobacco and alcohol consumption in the general French population during the first 2 weeks of lockdown and identify any associated factors.

Modelling the number of avoidable new cancer cases in France attributable to alcohol consumption by following official recommendations: a simulation study.

Aims: To predict the effects of perfect adherence to the French alcohol consumption guidelines, a maximum of 10 standard alcoholic drinks per week with no more than two standard alcoholic drinks per day, during a 36-year period (2014-50).

Design: This simulation study is an adaption of the Sheffield Alcohol Policy Model. The dose-response relationship between alcohol consumption and alcohol-attributable cancer risks was defined by cancer site-specific risk functions, each modelled as a continuous risk.

COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in a representative working-age population in France: a survey experiment based on vaccine characteristics.

Background: Opinion polls on vaccination intentions suggest that COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is increasing worldwide; however, the usefulness of opinion polls to prepare mass vaccination campaigns for specific new vaccines and to estimate acceptance in a country's population is limited. We therefore aimed to assess the effects of vaccine characteristics, information on herd immunity, and general practitioner (GP) recommendation on vaccine hesitancy in a representative working-age population in France.

Methods: In this survey experiment, adults aged 18-64 years residing in France, with no history of SARS-CoV-2 infection, were randomly selected from an online survey research panel in July, 2020, stratified by gender, age, education, household size, and region and area of residence to be representative of the French population.

Determinants of Preventive Behaviors in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic in France: Comparing the Sociocultural, Psychosocial, and Social Cognitive Explanations.

In absence of effective pharmaceutical treatments, the individual's compliance with a series of behavioral recommendations provided by the public health authorities play a critical role in the control and prevention of SARS-CoV2 infection. However, we still do not know much about the rate and determinants of adoption of the recommended health behaviors. This paper examines the compliance with the main behavioral recommendations, and compares sociocultural, psychosocial, and social cognitive explanations for its variation in the French population.

Effectiveness of the e-Tabac Info Service application for smoking cessation: a pragmatic randomised controlled trial.

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of the mobile e-Tabac Info Service (e-TIS) application (app) for helping adult smokers quit smoking with current practices.

Design: Pragmatic randomised controlled trial with a 1-year follow-up (2017-2018).

Setting: France, population-wide level.

Tobacco and COVID-19: a crisis within a crisis?

During the pandemic, the world's media have publicized preliminary findings suggesting that tobacco use is protective against COVID-19. An ad hoc multidisciplinary group was created to address the major public health implications of this messaging. Key messages of this commentary are as follows: 1) The COVID-19 crisis may increase tobacco consumption and decrease access to healthcare.

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In recent years, there has been a noticeable drop in mortality rates from cancer, although cancer remains the primary cause of death in France and in the province of Québec. Several factors contribute to this reduction in mortality rates.First, better cancer screening is provided, and better follow ups are offered when abnormalities are detected.

Changes in tobacco-related morbidity and mortality in French women: worrying trends.

Background: The high prevalence of smoking among French women since the 1970s has been reflected over the past decade by a strong impact on the health of women. This paper describes age and gender differences in France of the impact of smoking on morbidity and mortality trends since the 2000s.

Methods: Smoking prevalence trends were based on estimates from national surveys from 1974 to 2017.

Population health intervention research: the place of theories.

Background: An international workshop on population health intervention research (PHIR) was organized to foster exchanges between experts from different disciplines and different fields. This paper aims to summarize the discussions around some of the issues addressed: (1) the place of theories in PHIR, (2) why theories can be useful, and (3) how to choose and use the most relevant of them in evaluating PHIR.

Methods: The workshop included formal presentations by participants and moderated discussions.

Fumes-tu encore? Quitting among French and American smokers: 2000-2010.

Purpose: This article examines sociodemographic correlates of initiation and quitting among French and American smokers.

Methods: National surveys in France and the United States in 2000, 2005, and 2010 were analyzed of ever smokers, 20-75 years old. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted on age of initiation and quitting.

[Risk factors and determinants of health].

Prevention is everyone's concern. Whether decisions are made on a collective or individual level, they can all help to improve health. Choosing prevention interventions which are proven to be effective and intervening early are two essential elements for an ambitious policy.

[Health literacy and cancer screening].

In recent years, there has been a noticeable drop in mortality rates from cancer, although cancer remains the primary cause of death in France and in the province of Québec. Several factors contribute to this reduction in mortality rates.First, better cancer screening is provided, and better follow ups are offered when abnormalities are detected.

Cancers attributable to tobacco smoking in France in 2015.

Background: The evidence on the carcinogenicity of tobacco smoking has been well established. An assessment of the population-attributable fraction (PAF) of cancer due to smoking is needed for France, given its high smoking prevalence.

Methods: We extracted age- and sex-specific national estimates of population and cancer incidence for France, and incidence rates of lung cancer among never smokers and relative risk (RR) estimates of smoking for various cancers from the American Cancer Prevention Study (CPS II).

[Interventions for smoking cessation among low socioeconomic status smokers: a literature review].

Introduction: In most western countries, smoking appears to be highly differentiated according to socio-economic level. Two systematic reviews published in 2014 showed that most of the recommended interventions for smoking cessation, particularly individual interventions, tend to increase social inequalities in health. An analysis of the most recent literature was carried out in order to provide policy makers and stakeholders with a set of evidence on the modalities of interventions to encourage and help disadvantaged smokers quit smoking.

Effectiveness of a Fully Automated Internet-Based Smoking Cessation Program: A Randomized Controlled Trial (STAMP).

Introduction: The Internet offers an interesting alternative to face-to-face and telephone-based support for smoking cessation. This study was designed to assess the effectiveness of a personalized and automated Internet-based program.

Methods: French current adult smokers willing to quit within 2 weeks were recruited for a randomized controlled trial.

Temporal trend in socioeconomic inequalities in the uptake of cancer screening programmes in France between 2005 and 2010: results from the Cancer Barometer surveys.

Objectives: Cancer screening is a form of secondary prevention for a disease which is now the leading cause of death in France. Various socioeconomic indicators have been identified as potential factors for disparities in breast, cervical and colorectal cancer screening uptake. We aimed to identify the socioeconomic inequalities, which persisted in screening uptake for these cancers, and to quantify these disparities over a 5-year period.