Plant species dominance over PFAAs in structuring bacterial communities and their functional profiles in treatment wetlands.

This study investigates the impact of different plant species (Iris pseudacorus L., Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin.

Omics based approaches to decipher the leaf ionome and transcriptome changes in Solanum lycopersicum L. upon Tomato Brown Rugose Fruit Virus (ToBRFV) infection.

The Tomato Brown Rugose Fruit Virus (ToBRFV) is a pathogen that mostly affects plants from the Solanaceae family. This virus severely affects the yield of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants, thus creating an urgent need to research the basis of resistance to manage the disease.

ASV vs OTUs clustering: Effects on alpha, beta, and gamma diversities in microbiome metabarcoding studies.

In microbial community sequencing, involving bacterial ribosomal 16S rDNA or fungal ITS, the targeted genes are the basis for taxonomical assignment. The traditional bioinformatical procedure has for decades made use of a clustering protocol by which sequences are pooled into packages of shared percent identity, typically at 97%, to yield Operational Technical Units (OTUs). Progress in the data processing methods has however led to the possibility of minimizing technical sequencers errors, which were the main reason for the OTU choice, and to analyze instead the exact Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASV) which is a choice yielding much less agglomerated reads.

Metataxonomic analysis of endophytic bacteria of blackberry (Rubus ulmifolius Schott) across tissues and environmental conditions.

(1) Background: Endophytic bacteria represent an important component of plant wellness. They have been widely studied for their involvement in plant development and enhancement of stress tolerance. In this work, the endophytic communities of roots, stems, and leaves of blackberry (Rubus ulmifolius Schott) were studied in three different niches: natural, riverside, and human-impacted niches.

Characterization of dry-cured ham microbiota at 12 months of seasoning obtained from different rearing strategies using 16S rRNA profiling.

In this study, we investigated the microbiota of 72 Italian ham samples collected after 12 months of seasoning. The hams were elaborated from pigs fed different rearing methods, including the traditional restricted medium protein diet chosen as control (C group); restrictive low protein diet (LP group); two ad libitum high-protein diet groups (HP9M group: slaughter at 9 months of age; HP170 group: slaughter at 170 kg). A multi-amplicon 16S metabarcoding approach was used, and a total of 2845 Amplicon Sequence Variants were obtained from the 72 ham samples.

The Arabidopsis Mitochondrial Nucleoid-Associated Protein WHIRLY2 Is Required for a Proper Response to Salt Stress.

In the last years, plant organelles have emerged as central coordinators of responses to internal and external stimuli, which can induce stress. Mitochondria play a fundamental role as stress sensors being part of a complex communication network between the organelles and the nucleus. Among the different environmental stresses, salt stress poses a significant challenge and requires efficient signaling and protective mechanisms.

Determining the hierarchical order by which intestinal tract, administered diet, and individual relay can shape the gut microbiome of fattening quails.

A bacterial metabarcoding approach was used to compare the microbiome composition of caecal and faecal samples from fattening Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) fed three different diet regimes. The tested feedstuffs included (1) a commercial diet for fattening quails, (2) a commercial diet containing 12% full-fat silkworm (Bombyx mori) pupae meal, and (3) a commercial diet containing 12% defatted silkworm pupae meal. The aim of the experiment was to verify the relative effect of three variables (diet type, gut tract comparing caecum to rectum, and individual animal) in determining the level of bacterial community dissimilarity to rank the relevance of each of the three factors in affecting and shaping community composition.

Transcriptomic and physiological approaches to decipher cold stress mitigation exerted by brown-seaweed extract application in tomato.

Chilling temperatures represent a challenge for crop species originating from warm geographical areas. In this situation, biostimulants serve as an eco-friendly resource to mitigate cold stress in crops. Tomato ( L.

Phosphorus Acquisition Efficiency and Transcriptomic Changes in Maize Plants Treated with Two Lignohumates.

Lignohumates are increasing in popularity in agriculture, but their chemistry and effects on plants vary based on the source and processing. The present study evaluated the ability of two humates (H1 and H2) to boost maize plant performance under different phosphorus (P) availability (25 and 250 μM) conditions in hydroponics, while understanding the underlying mechanisms. Humates differed in chemical composition, as revealed via elemental analysis, phenol and phytohormone content, and thermal and spectroscopic analyses.

Comparative analysis of wild-type and chloroplast MCU-deficient plants reveals multiple consequences of chloroplast calcium handling under drought stress.

Introduction: Chloroplast calcium homeostasis plays an important role in modulating the response of plants to abiotic and biotic stresses. One of the greatest challenges is to understand how chloroplast calcium-permeable pathways and sensors are regulated in a concerted manner to translate specific information into a calcium signature and to elucidate the downstream effects of specific chloroplast calcium dynamics. One of the six homologs of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) was found to be located in chloroplasts in the leaves and to crucially contribute to drought- and oxidative stress-triggered uptake of calcium into this organelle.

The impact of milk storage temperatures on cheese quality and microbial communities at dairy processing plant scale.

Cheese production is an applied biotechnology whose proper outcome relies strictly on the complex interactive dynamics which unfold within defined microbial groups. These may start being active from the collection of milk and continue up to its final stages of maturation. One of the critical parameters playing a major role is the milk refrigeration temperature before pasteurization as it can affect the proportion of psychrotrophic taxa abundance in the total milk bacterial population.

Effect of municipal biowaste derived biostimulant on nitrogen fate in the plant-soil system during lettuce cultivation.

A main concern of agriculture is to improve plant nutrient efficiency to enhance crop yield and quality, and at the same time to decrease the environmental impact caused by the lixiviation of excess N fertilizer application. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential use of biopolymers (BPs), obtained by alkaline hydrolysis of the solid anaerobic digestate of municipal biowastes, in order to face up these main concerns of agriculture. The experimental trials involved the application of BPs (at 50 and 150 kg/ha) alone or mixed with different amounts (100%, 60% and 0%) of mineral fertilizer (MF).

Transcriptome-Assisted SNP Marker Discovery for Resistance in L.

Late blight, caused by oomycetes is one of the most challenging fungal diseases to manage in tomato plants ( L.). Toward managing the disease, conventional breeding has successfully introgressed genetic loci conferring disease resistance from various wild relatives of tomato into commercial varieties.

Effects of Warming, Phosphorous Deposition, and Both Treatments on the Growth and Physiology of Invasive and Native .

Anthropogenic climate change and species invasion are two major threats to biodiversity, affecting the survival and distribution of many species around the world. Studying the responses of invasive species under climate change can help better understand the ecological and genetic mechanisms of their invasion. However, the effects of warming and phosphorus deposition on the phenotype of native and invasive plants are unknown.

Brown Seaweed Extract (BSE) Application Influences Auxin- and ABA-Related Gene Expression, Root Development, and Sugar Yield in L.

The molecular and phenotypic effects of a brown seaweed extract (BSE) were assessed in sugar beet ( L.). Transcript levels of BSE-treated and untreated plants were studied by RNA-seq and validated by quantitative real-time PCR analysis (RT-qPCR).

Unlocking the molecular basis of wheat straw composition and morphological traits through multi-locus GWAS.

Background: Rapid reductions in emissions from fossil fuel burning are needed to curb global climate change. Biofuel production from crop residues can contribute to reducing the energy crisis and environmental deterioration. Wheat is a renewable source for biofuels owing to the low cost and high availability of its residues.

A dual-omics approach for profiling plant responses to biostimulant applications under controlled and field conditions.

A comprehensive approach using phenomics and global transcriptomics for dissecting plant response to biostimulants is illustrated with tomato ( cv. Micro-Tom and Rio Grande) plants cultivated in the laboratory, greenhouse, and open field conditions. Biostimulant treatment based on an extract (ANE) was applied as a foliar spray with two doses (1 or 2 l ha) at three different phenological stages (BBCH51, BBCH61, and BBCH65) during the flowering phase.

A contiguous de novo genome assembly of sugar beet EL10 (Beta vulgaris L.).

A contiguous assembly of the inbred 'EL10' sugar beet (Beta vulgaris ssp. vulgaris) genome was constructed using PacBio long-read sequencing, BioNano optical mapping, Hi-C scaffolding, and Illumina short-read error correction. The EL10.

The response of sugar beet rhizosphere micro-ecological environment to continuous cropping.

Continuous cropping can lead to increased soil-borne diseases of sugar beet ( L.), resulting in a reduction in its yield quality. However, our understanding of the influence of continuous cropping on sugar beet-associated microbial community is limited and their interactions remain unclear.

Growth status and physiological changes of sugar beet seedlings in response to acidic pH environments.

Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) is an important sugar crop that is popularly cultivated in a variety of agriculture conditions. Here, we studied sugar beet growth in different pH soils (pH 5.

Bacterial endophytes as indicators of susceptibility to Cercospora Leaf Spot (CLS) disease in Beta vulgaris L.

The fungus Cercospora beticola causes Cercospora Leaf Spot (CLS) of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.). Despite the global importance of this disease, durable resistance to CLS has still not been obtained.

Legumes of the Sardinia Island: Knowledge on Symbiotic and Endophytic Bacteria and Interactive Software Tool for Plant Species Determination.

A meta-analysis was carried out on published literature covering the topic of interactive plant microbiology for botanical species of legumes occurring within the boundary of the Italian island Sardinia, lying between the Tyrrhenian and the western Mediterranean seas. Reports were screened for the description of three types of bacterial occurrences; namely, (a) the nitrogen-fixing symbionts dwelling in root nodules; (b) other bacteria co-hosted in nodules but having the ancillary nature of endophytes; (c) other endophytes isolated from different non-nodular portions of the legume plants. For 105 plant species or subspecies, over a total of 290 valid taxonomical descriptions of bacteria belonging to either one or more of these three categories were found, yielding 85 taxa of symbionts, 142 taxa of endophytes in nodules, and 33 in other plant parts.

Transcriptional and Physiological Analyses to Assess the Effects of a Novel Biostimulant in Tomato.

This work aimed to study the effects in tomato ( L.) of foliar applications of a novel calcium-based biostimulant (SOB01) using an omics approach involving transcriptomics and physiological profiling. A calcium-chloride fertilizer (SOB02) was used as a product reference standard.

Development of an SNP Assay for Marker-Assisted Selection of Soil-Borne AG-2-2-IIIB Resistance in Sugar Beet.

, causing crown and root rot, is a major risk to sugar beet ( L.) cultivation. The development of resistant varieties accelerated by marker-assisted selection is a priority of breeding programs.