Early high-dose cryoprecipitate to reduce mortality in adult patients with traumatic haemorrhage: the CRYOSTAT-2 RCT with cost-effectiveness analysis.

Background: Traumatic haemorrhage is common after severe injury, leading to disability and death. Cryoprecipitate, a source of fibrinogen, may improve outcomes for patients with traumatic haemorrhage.

Objective: To investigate the effects of early fibrinogen supplementation in the form of 3 pools (15 units, approximately 6 g of fibrinogen) of cryoprecipitate on 28-day mortality.

Alopecia Areata Treatment Patterns and Satisfaction: Results of a Real-World Cross-Sectional Survey in Europe.

Introduction: Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune disease that causes scalp, face, and/or body hair loss. Recently, oral treatments with kinases inhibition became the first approved therapies for severe AA. An understanding of the use and effectiveness of traditional therapies in real-world treatment settings is needed to guide integration of novel therapies into the treatment paradigm.

Psychometric evaluation of the Adelphi Adherence Questionnaire (ADAQ©) in adults with osteoarthritis.

Background: Medication non-adherence is a common issue in chronic illness. The World Health Organization has recognized a need for a valid and reliable method of measuring adherence to understand and mitigate non-adherence. This study aimed to psychometrically evaluate the English version of the Adelphi Adherence Questionnaire (ADAQ©), a questionnaire designed to assess patient-reported medication adherence across multiple therapy areas, in patients with Osteoarthritis (OA).

Automation of MKID Simulations for Array Building with AEM (Automated Electromagnetic MKID Simulations).

Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors (MKIDs) are photon detectors comprised of superconducting LC resonators with unique resonant frequencies corresponding to their geometrical structure. As each pixel has its own geometry, electromagnetic simulations by hand of every pixel in a kilo-pixel array are impractical. Simulating fewer pixels and interpolating in between risks reduced pixel yield in arrays due to overlapping resonant frequencies.

Optimizing Ti/TiN Multilayers for UV, Optical and Near-IR Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors.

Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors (MKIDs) combine significant advantages for photon detection like single photon counting, single pixel energy resolution, vanishing dark counts and µs time resolution with a simple design and the feasibility to scale up into the megapixel range. But high quality MKID fabrication remains challenging as established superconductors tend to either have intrinsic disadvantages, are challenging to deposit or require very low operating temperatures. As alternating stacks of thin Ti and TiN films have shown very impressive results for far-IR and sub-mm MKIDs, they promise significant improvements for UV, visible to near-IR MKIDs as well, especially as they are comparably easy to fabricate and control.

Disease Course, Treatment Patterns and Goals Among Patients with Non-segmental Vitiligo Across Europe and the United States.

Introduction: There is currently a lack of research regarding disease course and burden as well as treatment patterns and goals in patients with non-segmental vitiligo (NSV). The aim of this analysis was to evaluate disease course, treatment patterns and goals in patients with NSV.

Methods: This analysis used secondary data from the Adelphi Real World Vitiligo Disease Specific Programme 2021, specifically, a survey of physicians and their adult and adolescent patients with NSV.

Improving Assessment of Adherence Behaviors and Drivers: Targeted Literature Review and Concept Elicitation Interviews in Multiple Countries and Disease Populations.

Purpose: Medication adherence is crucial for achieving clinical goals. Medication adherence drivers and behaviors were explored across multiple conditions, countries, and medication schedules/modalities to develop a conceptual model of medication adherence, which could later be used to support development of a patient-reported outcome (PRO) measure of adherence.

Patients And Methods: Targeted review of qualitative literature identified important medication adherence concepts.

Health-Related Quality of Life Burden Among Adults with Vitiligo: Relationship to Disease Severity and Disease Location.

Introduction: Vitiligo was historically regarded as a cosmetic disorder; however, it is an autoimmune disease. As a visible condition, it affects patient well-being. We assessed the impact of disease severity, lesion location, and body surface area (BSA) affected on patient health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

Patient Burden of Nonsegmental Vitiligo: A US Real-World Survey of Dermatologists and Their Patients.

Introduction: Vitiligo is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by destruction of melanocytes, leading to skin depigmentation. Vitiligo can have a high quality-of-life burden and profound impact on psychosocial well-being. The objectives of this study were to describe the self-reported patient burden among patients with nonsegmental vitiligo with ≤ 10% affected body surface area, summarize the physician-reported psychosocial and psychological impact of vitiligo on patient lives, and describe disease characteristics and treatment history, goals, and satisfaction.

A Systematic Review of Artificial Intelligence Applications in the Management of Lung Disorders.

This systematic review examines the transformative impact of artificial intelligence (AI) in managing lung disorders through a comprehensive analysis of articles spanning 2014 to 2023. Evaluating AI's multifaceted roles in radiological imaging, disease burden prediction, detection, diagnosis, and molecular mechanisms, this review presents a critical synthesis of key insights from select articles. The findings underscore AI's significant strides in bolstering diagnostic accuracy, interpreting radiological imaging, predicting disease burdens, and deepening the understanding of tuberculosis (TB), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), silicosis, pneumoconiosis, and lung fibrosis.

SARS-CoV-2 Viral Replication Persists in the Human Lung for Several Weeks after Symptom Onset.

In the upper respiratory tract, replicating (culturable) severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is recoverable for ∼4-8 days after symptom onset, but there is a paucity of data about the frequency and duration of replicating virus in the lower respiratory tract (i.e., the human lung).

A Case of Bradycardia, Renal Failure, Atrioventricular Nodal Blockade, Shock, and Hyperkalaemia (BRASH) Syndrome in an Elderly Male and Its Management: A Case Report and Literature Review.

BRASH syndrome, characterized by bradycardia, renal dysfunction, atrioventricular (AV) nodal blockage, shock, and hyperkalemia, is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition resulting from the interplay between AV nodal blockers and hyperkalemia. This complex syndrome poses significant challenges in diagnosis and management, with patients often presenting with bradycardia and high potassium levels. This case report highlights the need for increased awareness of BRASH syndrome, especially in an aging population and evolving cardiovascular treatments.

Biochemically Silent Pheochromocytoma in an Asymptomatic Patient With a Unilateral Lipid-Poor Adrenal Adenoma.

In this case, a Caucasian woman was incidentally found to have a left adrenal gland incidentaloma a decade ago. Initial tests indicated a non-functional lipid-poor adenoma, but ongoing surveillance revealed irregularities in biochemical testing for pheochromocytoma. The patient was concurrently taking an SNRI, known to elevate biochemical markers artificially.

Real-world evidence generation from patients, their caregivers and physicians supporting clinical, regulatory and guideline decisions: an update on Disease Specific Programmes.

Objective: To update on and describe the role of Disease Specific Programmes (DSPs), a multi-perspective real-world data (RWD) source, in the context of the evolution of the value and acceptance of real-world evidence (RWE) in clinical, regulatory and guideline decision-making.

Methods: DSPs are multi-national, multi-subscriber, multi-therapy cross-sectional surveys incorporating retrospective data collection from patient, caregiver and physician perspectives. Information collected covers the patient journey, including treatment/prescribing patterns and rationale, patient-reported outcomes, impact on work and everyday activities, attitudes towards and perceptions of the condition, adherence to treatment and burden of illness.

Cross-walk of the Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire for Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (CLDQ-NASH) and the EuroQol EQ-5D-5L in patients with NASH.

Background: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a chronic progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, which can negatively impact the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of affected individuals. HRQoL in NASH has been assessed using the disease-specific Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire for NASH (CLDQ-NASH) and the generic EuroQol EQ-5D-5L. As the performance of these instruments relative to each other is unknown, we performed a cross-walk analysis of CLDQ-NASH to EQ-5D-5L using data from a real-world NASH population.

A Rare Case of Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma Complicated by Massive Pericardial Effusion and Cardiac Tamponade: A Case Report.

This case report presents a late middle-aged man with a right infra-hilar lung mass and pericardial effusion (PE). The patient was diagnosed with metastatic small-cell lung carcinoma, with metastases to the liver, pancreas, and cerebellum. The pericardial fluid cytology confirmed the presence of malignant cells most compatible with non-small-cell carcinoma.

The power of hope: Views of Ovarian Cancer patients on how maintenance therapy Affects their Lives (VOCAL).

To assess maintenance preference and trade-offs for patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer. Patients completed a time trade-off exercise ranking five maintenance approaches. Patients' preferred approach was compared with alternatives to determine the progression-free time they would trade off to remain on their preferred approach.

A Rare Case of Hyperandrogenism Due to Fibrothecoma and Leydig Cell Tumor in a Postmenopausal Woman With Adrenal Adenoma: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Hyperandrogenism is an endocrine disorder characterized by an elevated level of androgen in women, which can be due to several etiologies, including ovarian and adrenal causes. Hyperandrogenism can result in hirsutism and virilization in severe cases. Ovarian etiologies can include ovarian hyperthecosis, hilus cell tumors, arrhenoblastomas, and Leydig cell tumors.