Structures on T cells and macrophages involved in interleukin 1 (Il-1) secretion by macrophages upon contact with syngeneic thymocytes.

We demonstrate, using a new rosette method of determination of interleukin 1 activity that macrophages secrete Il-1 upon contact with syngeneic thymocytes or with thymocytes homologous in the Ia region of MHC complex. The phenomenon takes place in the absence of foreign antigen. Blocking of class II MHC antigens on macrophages with monoclonal antibodies against structures of the T-cell receptor complex (alpha/beta T-cell receptor-TCR, CD3 and L3T4) inhibits production of Il-1 to the background level.

Association of preference for modality to learning of rhythm patterns in music.

This study examined the relationship between preferences for learning modality and the learning and short-term retention of musical rhythm patterns. 55 third graders completed the Swassing Barbe Modality Index. These students were also presented two-measure rhythm patterns through their visual, auditory, and kinesthetic modalities.

Predator avoidance, microhabitat shift, and risk-sensitive foraging in larval dragonflies.

Dragonfly larvae (Odonata: Anisoptera) are often abundant in shallow freshwater habitats and frequently co-occur with predatory fish, but there is evidence that they are underutilized as prey. This suggests that species which successfully coexist with fish may exhibit behaviors that minimize their risk of predation. I conducted field and laboratory experiments to determine whether: 1) dragonfly larvae actively avoid fish, 2) microhabitat use and foraging success of larvae are sensitive to predation risk, and 3) vulnerability of larvae is correlated with microhabitat use.

Daily caloric intake of normal-weight adults: response to changes in dietary energy density of a luncheon meal.

The extent and time course of caloric compensation for surreptitious dilutions and supplements to the energy value of the diet were examined in free-living normal-weight adults. Ten subjects were provided lunches containing approximately 66% more or less calories than their customary midday meal for 2-wk periods which were interposed between 1-wk baseline or recovery periods. Diet records were kept throughout the study.

Identification of suppressor T cells in virgin non-responder spleen cells responsible for primary unresponsiveness to L-glutamic acid60-L-alanine30-L-tyrosine10 (GAT).

T cell subsets that regulate antibody responses to L-glutamic acid60-L-alanine30-L-tyrosine10 (GAT) in mice that are Ir gene non-responders have been further characterized. We previously defined several T cell subsets in GAT-primed non-responder mice. The Lyt-2+ suppressor-effector T cells suppress responses to GAT and GAT complexed to methylated BSA (GAT-MBSA).

Characterization of L-glutamic acid60-L-alanine30-L-tyrosine10-specific suppressor T cells in responder mice restricted by Igh-C-linked genes.

A Ts cell subset has been identified in the spleens of responder mice 3 to 6 wk after immunization with an optimally immunogenic dose of L-glutamic acid60-L-alanine30-L-tyrosine10 (GAT). These Ts were positively selected by panning procedures by using a mAb (1248 A4.10) produced by immunization of rats with semipurified mouse GAT-specific, single polypeptide chain suppressor factor.

Helper T-cell clones that recognize autologous insulin are stimulated in nonresponder mice by pork insulin.

Murine antibody responses to various species of insulin are under major histocompatibility complex-linked Ir gene control. Beef insulin differs from pork insulin by only two amino acids in the A-chain loop, yet strain C57BL/10 (B10) mice produce insulin-specific antibodies after immunization with beef insulin and fail to produce antibody after stimulation with pork insulin. Nevertheless, pork insulin primes helper T cells in B10 mice that can be demonstrated if insulin-specific Lyt-1-, -2+ suppressor T cells are removed.

A comparison of different treatments for nocturnal bruxism.

One hundred bruxers were evaluated for bruxing activity before, during, and after treatment with a portable electromyograph (EMG). A six-month post-treatment follow-up of bruxing activity was obtained. Experimental treatment groups consisted of diurnal biofeedback, nocturnal biofeedback, massed negative practice, and splint therapy.

A voluntary/mandatory cost containment program.

The first of only three U.S. coal companies to introduce health care cost containment measures to unionized employees, Westmoreland Coal offers the same program to salaried workers--except that participation is mandatory for the salaried group, voluntary for the union group.

Secretion of interleukin 1 (IL-1) by peritoneal macrophages upon contact with syngeneic T cells is Ia-restricted and antigen-independent process.

We deliver an evidence that secretion of interleukin 1 by macrophages upon contact with T cells is an Ia-restricted and antigen-independent event. Antigen-specific T cell lines or quiescent thymocytes induce comparable quantities of IL-1 from Ia-compatible macrophages. Addition of antigen together with antigen-specific T cells does not increase production of IL-1.

A comparison of the conventional and the rosette method of determination of interleukin 1 (IL-1) activity. The advantages of the rosette method.

In this report we compare the conventional method of determination of IL-1 activity with a new rosette assay. Determination of IL-1 activity in the rosette assay is well correlated with the conventional method and equally sensitive. However, the rosette method is able to dissect the activity of IL-1 from IL-2 and to determine the immunotropic, optimal dose of IL-1 more accurately.

Rapid healing of diabetic foot ulcers with meticulous blood glucose control.

Fifteen diabetic patients, with neuropathic food ulcers refractory to conventional treatment, were found to be poorly balanced and were put on meticulous regimens; some on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion and others on split mixed doses. Once diabetes was controlled, the wound healed rapidly in 11 of the patients within 4 to 13 weeks. In 4 patients amputation was necessary.

Antigen presentation to T cell lines and clones by peritoneal macrophages, peritoneal B cells and antigen-specific B cell hybridomas.

The antigen presenting cell (APC) activity of uninduced, resident peritoneal macrophages and B cells was compared to that of antigen-specific B cell hybridomas by measuring proliferative responses of antigen-specific, MHC-restricted T cell clones. The results demonstrate that peritoneal macrophages and B cells are much more efficient APC than irradiated splenic filler cells, and that unirradiated B cells were as good as, if not better than, macrophages. Both B cells and macrophages can be pulsed with antigen, although pulsed B cells were always found to be more efficient than pulsed macrophages.

Establishment of antigen-specific and MHC-restricted B cell hybridoma clones: a model for studying antigen presentation to T cell lines and clones.

Presentation of GAT by GAT-specific hybridoma B cell clones to GAT-specific T cell lines and clones was investigated. B cell clones expressed surface IgG2b, Ia and Fc receptors, and did not secrete immunoglobulins. The clones formed rosettes with GAT-SRBC which could be inhibited by monoclonal antibodies against GAT idiotype.

Molecular genetic characterization of the mRNA coding for an inducible suppressor factor specific for L-glutamic acid60-L-alanine30-L-tyrosine10.

The suppressor T-cell hybridoma 1556A2.1 can be induced by the monoclonal L-glutamic acid60-L-alanine30-L-tyrosine10 (GAT)-specific suppressor inducer 372B3.5 and soluble GAT to synthesize a disulfide-linked heterodimeric protein (GAT-TsF2), which directly suppresses a primary in vitro immune response to GAT.

Receptor diversity of insulin-specific T cell lines from C57BL (H-2b) mice.

To characterize the T cell receptor repertoire in an immune response in which the Ia and nominal antigenic determinants are defined and limited, we have cloned and sequenced the expressed receptors from four independent, beef insulin-specific T cell lines from C57BL mice. Each of these lines responded to beef but not to the pork insulin, thus defining the nominal antigenic determinant recognized. Furthermore, each of these lines could only be presented antigen by B6 but not mutant B6.

Proliferative response of T lymphocytes to a proline-rich polypeptide (PRP): PRP mimics mitogenic activity of Il-1.

Mitogenic properties of a proline-rich polypeptide were investigated. The mitogenic action of PRP was compared with the mitogenic action of Il-1. PRP was not mitogenic for thymocytes at doses 0.