Italian primary care paediatricians' adherence to the 2019 National Guideline for the management of acute otitis media in children: A cross-sectional study.

Introduction: The Italian Guideline for the management of acute otitis media (AOM) in children has been recently updated. We conducted a cross-sectional survey to investigate the adherence of Italian primary care paediatricians to the guideline recommendations.

Methods: A questionnaire including 13 closed-ended questions was administered to the paediatricians participating in the 24th National Congress of Practical Pediatrics, held in Florence in November 2019.

Understanding Discomfort in Order to Appropriately Treat Fever.

Although national and international guidelines on the management of childhood and adolescent fever are available, some inadequate practices persist, both from parents and healthcare professionals. The main goal of bringing children's temperature back to normal can lead to the choice of inappropriate drugs or non-necessary combination/alternation of antipyretic treatments. This behavior has been described in the last 35 years with the concept of fever-phobia, caused also by the dissemination of unscientific information and social media.

Adherence among Italian paediatricians to the Italian guidelines for the management of fever in children: a cross sectional survey.

Background: Italian guidelines for the management of fever in children (IFG) have been published in 2009 and thereafter disseminated in all country. A survey was conducted before their publication and three years later to investigate their impact on knowledge and behaviors of paediatricians.

Methods: A questionnaire was administered to convenient samples of paediatricians in 2009 and in 2012, eliciting information about fever definition, methods of temperature measurement, and antipyretic use.

Survey assessment on pediatricians' attitudes on head lice management.

Background: Pediculosis capitis is a worldwide health problem. One of the most important factor in effective head lice eradication is to ensure that infestation is adequately recognized and treated. Our survey investigated the knowledge and practice among primary care Italian pediatricians regarding to the prevention and treatment of head lice.

Parental and medical knowledge and management of fever in Italian pre-school children.

Background: Guidelines for the management of fever in children have been recently published, however "fever phobia" is still spreading. To provide information which may sustain educational interventions tailored to our population we investigated the parental and medical knowledge and management of fever in preschool children.

Methods: A questionnaire was administered to a convenient sample of Italian parents and paediatricians.

[Sensitivity and specificity of antigliadine antibodies in the diagnosis of celiac disease in a population of children in Toscana].

The aim of this study was to determine the value of IgA and IgG antigliadin antibody test (AGA) for screening, diagnosis and follow-up of coeliac disease. A rapid, simple, sensitive and accurate immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine AGA IgA and IgG in the sera of patients with untreated coeliac disease (I stage), coeliac patients in gluten withdrawal, healthy controls, children with gastroenterological disorders other than coeliac disease and children with constitutional short stature. In the I stage of coeliac disease the AGA IgA gave a sensitivity of 90.

[Articular manifestations of 11 cases of Kawasaki syndrome observed in Toscana].

11 cases of Kawasaki's disease were studied: the patients originated from Toscana and had at least 5 to 6 of the major criteria established by the Japanese Committee for Research to diagnose Kawasaki's disease. No toxic or infectious agents could be identified. We believe, like many other authors, that the responsible agent must be searched for in the patient's environment.

[A case of systemic sclerosis in childhood complicated by severe digital ulcers].

Systemic sclerosis is a diffuse disorder of connective tissue in which there are inflammatory, fibrotic and degenerative changes in the skin and many internal organs. We describe a case of systemic sclerosis type "acrosclerosis" in a six years old child with Raynaud's phenomenon and gastrointestinal involvement. In the course of illness he presented severe digital ulcerations in the hands and in the feet, responsive to a calcium channel blocking agent nifedipine treatment.

[Our experience with antibiotic therapy in children hospitalized between 1979 and 1981].

The use of antibiotics in the Children Hospital of Florence has been studied considering the whole hospital for 1979 and only one department for 1980-81. 7832 clinical records of children admitted to the Hospital have been analyzed in order to get more informations about the quality of antibiotic treatment and to understand the causes of use and misuse of this kind of drugs in pediatric practice.

[Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome].

Authors describe two new cases of mucocutaneus lymphonode syndrome (MCLS). These are the tenth and eleventh in Italy since 1977, confirming that this syndrome, known also as Kawasaki disease, is world-wide spread. More attention is therefore required to diagnosis particularly for possible coronary artery involvement.

[Osteodystrophy in children with chronic renal insufficiency in dialysis therapy].

One of the most important complication of patients with chronic renal failure is osteodystrophy. This causes skeletal deformities, growth failure, bone pain and decreased physical activity. Osteodystrophy is more frequent among children than uraemic adults.