Cyantraniliprole and Thiamethoxam Exposure Changes Expression of Transcripts Associated with Small Non-Coding RNA Processing in the Colorado Potato Beetle.

The Colorado potato beetle ( (Say)) can cause extensive damage to agricultural crops worldwide and is a significant insect pest. This insect is notorious for its ability to evade various strategies deployed to control its spread and is known for its relative ease in developing resistance against different insecticides. Various molecular levers are leveraged by for this resistance to occur, and a complete picture of the genes involved in this process is lacking.

Application of annotation-agnostic RNA sequencing data analysis tools for biomarker discovery in liquid biopsy.

RNA sequencing analysis is an important field in the study of extracellular vesicles (EVs), as these particles contain a variety of RNA species that may have diagnostic, prognostic and predictive value. Many of the bioinformatics tools currently used to analyze EV cargo rely on third-party annotations. Recently, analysis of unannotated expressed RNAs has become of interest, since these may provide complementary information to traditional annotated biomarkers or may help refine biological signatures used in machine learning by including unknown regions.

Leveraging RNA Interference to Impact Insecticide Resistance in the Colorado Potato Beetle, .

The Colorado potato beetle, Say, is a potato pest that can cause important economic losses to the potato industry worldwide. Diverse strategies have been deployed to target this insect such as biological control, crop rotation, and a variety of insecticides. Regarding the latter, this pest has demonstrated impressive abilities to develop resistance against the compounds used to regulate its spread.

Spinosad-associated modulation of select cytochrome P450s and glutathione S-transferases in the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata.

The Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say)) is an insect pest that threatens potato crops. Multiple options exist to limit the impact of this pest even though insecticides remain a primary option for its control. Insecticide resistance has been reported in Colorado potato beetles and a better understanding of the molecular players underlying such process is of utmost importance to optimize the tools used to mitigate the impact of this insect.

Characterization of Insecticide Response-Associated Transcripts in the Colorado Potato Beetle: Relevance of Selected Cytochrome P450s and Clothianidin.

The Colorado potato beetle ( (Say)) is known for its capacity to cause significant damages to potato crops worldwide. Multiple approaches have been considered to limit its spread including the use of a diverse arsenal of insecticides. Unfortunately, this insect frequently develops resistance towards these compounds.

Flexible Thermal Sensitivity of Mitochondrial Oxygen Consumption and Substrate Oxidation in Flying Insect Species.

Mitochondria have been suggested to be paramount for temperature adaptation in insects. Considering the large range of environments colonized by this taxon, we hypothesized that species surviving large temperature changes would be those with the most flexible mitochondria. We thus investigated the responses of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to temperature in three flying insects: the honeybee (), the fruit fly () and the Colorado potato beetle ().

Exposure to Temperature and Insecticides Modulates the Expression of Small Noncoding RNA-Associated Transcripts in the Colorado Potato Beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae).

The Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say)) is an insect that can adapt to various challenges, including temperature fluctuations or select insecticide treatments. This pest is also an ongoing threat to the potato industry. Small noncoding RNAs such as miRNAs, which can control posttranscriptionally the expression of various genes, and piRNAs, which can notably impact mRNA turnover, are modulated in insects under different conditions.

Silencing of Molecular Targets with Relevance to Insecticide Resistance in Colorado Potato Beetle Using dsRNA.

Various approaches based on RNA interference (RNAi) have garnered significant attention in the field of insect pest management in recent years. For example, the use of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) has notably been investigated to target transcripts of interest with relevance to insecticide resistance in multiple pests and has emerged as a potential tool to be deployed in agricultural fields in the near future. A careful characterization of a given dsRNA in a laboratory setting, including the assessment of dsRNA-mediated molecular and phenotypical changes observed in the targeted pest upon dsRNA exposure, is nevertheless essential prior to its use in field-based study.

Molecular characterization of the anticancer properties associated with bee venom and its components in glioblastoma multiforme.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a frequent form of malignant glioma. Strategic therapeutic approaches to treat this type of brain tumor currently involves a combination of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Nevertheless, survival of GBM patients remains in the 12-15 months range following diagnosis.

Circulating cell-free DNA as potential diagnostic tools for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

DNA methylation has garnered much attention in recent years for its diagnostic potential in multiple conditions including cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Conversely, advances regarding the potential diagnostic relevance of DNA methylation status have been sparse in the field of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) even though patients diagnosed with this condition would significantly benefit from improved molecular assays aimed at furthering the current diagnostic and therapeutic options available. This review will provide an overview of the current diagnostic approaches available for ALS diagnosis and discuss the potential clinical usefulness of DNA methylation.

Transcriptomics-Based Approach Identifies Spinosad-Associated Targets in the Colorado Potato Beetle, .

The Colorado potato beetle is an insect pest that threatens potato crops globally. The primary method to control its damage on potato plants is the use of insecticides, including imidacloprid, chlorantraniliprole and spinosad. However, insecticide resistance has been frequently observed in Colorado potato beetles.

Structurally Related Edaravone Analogues: Synthesis, Antiradical, Antioxidant, and Copper-Chelating Properties.

Background: The current therapeutic options available to patients diagnosed with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) are limited and edaravone is a compound that has gained significant interest for its therapeutic potential in this condition.

Objectives: The current work was thus undertaken to synthesize and characterize a series of edaravone analogues.

Methods: A total of 17 analogues were synthesized and characterized for their antioxidant properties, radical scavenging potential and copper-chelating capabilities.

Extracellular vesicles and their diagnostic potential in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Extracellular vesicles, small reservoirs that carry various biomolecules, have gained significant interest from the clinical field in recent years based on the diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic possibilities they offer. While information abound regarding the clinical potential of such vesicles in diverse conditions, the information demonstrating their likely importance in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is more limited. This review will thus provide a brief introduction to extracellular vesicles, highlight their diagnostic significance in various diseases with a focus on ALS and explore additional applications of extracellular vesicles in the medical field.

Transcriptome and proteome analyses to investigate the molecular underpinnings of cold response in the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata.

The Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say)) is an insect that can cope with prolonged periods of low temperatures exposure. The molecular changes required to adapt to such conditions have not been thoroughly investigated in this insect. The current work aims at characterizing deregulated transcripts and proteins in adult L.

Expression status of heat shock proteins in response to cold, heat, or insecticide exposure in the Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata.

The Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say)) is an agricultural pest that threatens the potato industry worldwide. This insect is widely regarded as one of the most difficult-to-control pests, as it can thrive in a wide range of temperature conditions and routinely develops resistance towards various insecticides. The molecular changes associated with response to these challenges have not been fully investigated in L.

Identification of a circulating miRNA signature in extracellular vesicles collected from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disorder associated with the progressive death of motor neurons. Mean survival for a patient diagnosed with ALS is between 2 and 5 years. Early and efficient diagnosis of the various forms of ALS remains a significant challenge, resulting in a need to identify clinically-relevant biomarkers in readily accessible body fluids.

Effects of fasting and refeeding on protein and glucose metabolism in Arctic charr.

Refeeding, following a period of food deprivation will often lead to compensatory growth. Although many studies have focused on molecular mechanisms behind this accelerated growth response in fish, little is known on the roles of protein and metabolism. We also assessed, for the first time, the potential roles of miRNAs in regulating compensatory growth.

Investigating Nrf2-associated non-coding RNAs in the hibernating ground squirrel, Ictidomys tridecemlineatus.

Small mammals hibernate to deal with environmental conditions associated with the winter season. Numerous physiological changes occur during a typical torpor-arousal cycle including variations in heart rate and blood flow. Such cycle possesses characteristics of ischemia-reperfusion cycles that can lead to oxidative stress in non-hibernating models.

Identification of Differentially Expressed miRNAs in Colorado Potato Beetles (Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say)) Exposed to Imidacloprid.

The Colorado potato beetle ( (Say)) is a significant pest of potato plants that has been controlled for more than two decades by neonicotinoid imidacloprid. can develop resistance to this agent even though the molecular mechanisms underlying this resistance are not well characterized. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short ribonucleic acids that have been linked to response to various insecticides in several insect models.

Substituted Caffeic and Ferulic Acid Phenethyl Esters: Synthesis, Leukotrienes Biosynthesis Inhibition, and Cytotoxic Activity.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive brain tumor that correlates with short patient survival and for which therapeutic options are limited. Polyphenolic compounds, including caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE, ), have been investigated for their anticancer properties in several types of cancer. To further explore these properties in brain cancer cells, a series of caffeic and ferulic acid esters bearing additional oxygens moieties (OH or OCH₃) were designed and synthesized.

Differential expression and emerging functions of non-coding RNAs in cold adaptation.

Several species undergo substantial physiological and biochemical changes to confront the harsh conditions associated with winter. Small mammalian hibernators and cold-hardy insects are examples of natural models of cold adaptation that have been amply explored. While the molecular picture associated with cold adaptation has started to become clearer in recent years, notably through the use of high-throughput experimental approaches, the underlying cold-associated functions attributed to several non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), remain to be better characterized.

Characterization of cold-associated microRNAs in the freeze-tolerant gall fly Eurosta solidaginis using high-throughput sequencing.

Significant physiological and biochemical changes are observed in freeze-tolerant insects when confronted with cold temperatures. These insects have adapted to winter by retreating into a hypometabolic state of diapause and implementing cryoprotective mechanisms that allow them to survive whole body freezing. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a family of short ribonucleic acids, are emerging as likely molecular players underlying the process of cold adaptation.

Effect of O6-Substituted Guanine Analogs on O6-methylguanine DNA-methyltransferase Expression and Glioblastoma Cells Viability.

Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is often associated with a poor survival prognostic for patients. The main reason seems to be the acquired or inherent resistance to the chemotherapeutic agent used to treat the tumor, temozolomide (TMZ). To this day, the most recognized pathway of resistance is the DNA Direct Repair pathway by the means of the protein O6- methylguanine DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT).

Up-regulation of Long Non-coding RNA TUG1 in Hibernating Thirteen-lined Ground Squirrels.

Mammalian hibernation is associated with multiple physiological, biochemical, and molecular changes that allow animals to endure colder temperatures. We hypothesize that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a group of non-coding transcripts with diverse functions, are differentially expressed during hibernation. In this study, expression levels of lncRNAsH19 and TUG1 were assessed via qRT-PCR in liver, heart, and skeletal muscle tissues of the hibernating thirteen-lined ground squirrels (Ictidomys tridecemlineatus).

Identification and profiling of miRNAs in the freeze-avoiding gall moth Epiblema scudderiana via next-generation sequencing.

The rapid development of high-throughput next-generation sequencing approaches in recent years has facilitated large-scale discovery and expression analysis of non-coding RNAs, including miRNAs, in traditional and non-traditional animal models. Such an approach has been leveraged to amplify, identify, and quantify miRNAs in several models of cold adaptation. The present study is the first to investigate the status of these small RNAs in an insect species that uses the freeze avoidance strategy of cold hardiness, the gall moth Epiblema scudderiana.