Adverse pregnancy outcomes and pharyngeal flow limitation during sleep: Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study Monitoring Mothers-to-be (nuMoM2b).

Background: Pharyngeal flow limitation during pregnancy may be a risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes but was previously challenging to quantify. Our objective was to determine whether a novel objective measure of flow limitation identifies an increased risk of pre-eclampsia (primary outcome) and other adverse outcomes in a prospective cohort: Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study Monitoring Mothers-to-be (nuMoM2b).

Methods: Flow limitation severity scores (0%=fully obstructed, 100%=open airway), quantified from breath-by-breath airflow shape, were obtained from home sleep tests during early (6-15 weeks) and mid (22-31 weeks) pregnancy.

Allostatic load in early pregnancy and sleep-disordered breathing.

Objectives: To assess the association between allostatic load in early pregnancy and sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) during pregnancy.

Methods: High allostatic load in the first trimester was defined as ≥ 4 of 12 biomarkers (systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, triglycerides, insulin, glucose, creatinine, and albumin) in the unfavorable quartile. SDB was objectively measured using the Embletta-Gold device and operationalized as "SDB ever" in early (6-15 weeks) mid-pregnancy (22-31 weeks); SDB at each time point was analyzed as secondary outcomes.

Associations between evening shift work, irregular sleep timing, and gestational diabetes in the Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study: Monitoring Mothers-to-be (nuMoM2b).

Study Objectives: Shift work is a risk factor for cardiometabolic disease, possibly through effects on sleep-wake rhythms. We hypothesized that evening (afternoon and night combined) and irregular (irregular/on-call or rotating combined) shift work during pregnancy is associated with increased odds of preeclampsia, preterm birth, and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), mediated by irregular sleep timing.

Methods: The Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study: Monitoring Mothers-to-be (nuMoM2b) is a prospective cohort study (n = 10 038) designed to investigate risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes.

In situ calibration of charged particle spectrometers on the OMEGA Laser Facility using Am and Ra sources.

Charged particle spectrometry is a critical diagnostic to study inertial-confinement-fusion plasmas and high energy density plasmas. The OMEGA Laser Facility has two fixed magnetic charged particle spectrometers (CPSs) to measure MeV-ions. In situ calibration of these spectrometers was carried out using Am and Ra alpha emitters.

Fetal heart rate responses to maternal sleep-disordered breathing.

Background: Maternal sleep-disordered breathing is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes and is considered to be deleterious to the developing fetus. Maternal obesity potentiates sleep-disordered breathing, which, in turn, may contribute to the effect of maternal obesity on adverse fetal outcomes. However, only a few empirical studies have evaluated the contemporaneous effects of maternal sleep-disordered breathing events on fetal well-being.

International Consensus Statement on Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Background: Evaluation and interpretation of the literature on obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) allows for consolidation and determination of the key factors important for clinical management of the adult OSA patient. Toward this goal, an international collaborative of multidisciplinary experts in sleep apnea evaluation and treatment have produced the International Consensus statement on Obstructive Sleep Apnea (ICS:OSA).

Methods: Using previously defined methodology, focal topics in OSA were assigned as literature review (LR), evidence-based review (EBR), or evidence-based review with recommendations (EBR-R) formats.

An mHealth-Facilitated Personalized Intervention for Physical Activity and Sleep in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

This randomized controlled pilot trial tested the preliminary effect of a 24-week mHealth-facilitated, personalized intervention on physical activity (PA) and sleep in 21 community-dwelling older adults. The intervention included a personalized exercise prescription, training, goal setting, and financial incentives. mHealth strategies, including self-monitoring, motivational messages, activity reminders, and phone coaching, were used to facilitate PA participation.

Fetal neuromaturation in late gestation is affected by maternal sleep disordered breathing and sleep disruption in pregnant women with obesity.

Objective: Maternal sleep disordered breathing and sleep disruption have adverse effects on pregnancy outcomes through multiple potential pathophysiologic pathways. We hypothesize that disordered maternal sleep also adversely impacts the neuromaturation of the fetus.

Methods: Participants in this prospective observational study included 102 obese pregnant women (pre-pregnancy body mass index [BMI] of 30 or higher) at 36 weeks of pregnancy.

Fetal heart rate during maternal sleep.

Despite prolonged and cumulative exposure during gestation, little is known about the fetal response to maternal sleep. Eighty-four pregnant women with obesity (based on pre-pregnancy BMI) participated in laboratory-based polysomnography (PSG) with continuous fetal electrocardiogram monitoring at 36 weeks gestation. Multilevel modeling revealed both correspondence and lack of it in maternal and fetal heart rate patterns.

Objectively assessed sleep-disordered breathing during pregnancy and infant birthweight.

Background: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in pregnancy is associated with adverse maternal outcomes. The relationship between SDB and infant birthweight is unclear. This study's primary aim is to determine if objectively measured SDB in pregnancy is associated with infant birthweight.

Associations between Diet and Sleep Duration in Different Menopausal Stages.

This study aimed to determine which dietary factors were associated with habitual sleep duration in pre/peri- and post-menopausal women. Data from the 2007-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used ( = 1,783). Habitual sleep duration was categorized as very short (<5 h), short (5-6 h), normal (7-8 h), and long (≥9 h).

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Is Associated with Newly Diagnosed Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is associated with increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, including gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). GDM is a significant cause of maternal and infant morbidities. Assessing these risk factors concurrently may facilitate both the identification of women at GDM risk and the initiation of GDM prevention strategies.

EXHANCE-3: a cohort study of the exhalation delivery system with fluticasone for chronic sinusitis with or without nasal polyps.

Background: Inhaled nasal corticosteroid sprays (INS) are often inadequate to treat chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). The exhalation delivery system with fluticasone (EDS-FLU; XHANCE®) may improve outcomes in CRS by increasing medication delivery to target superior/posterior anatomic sites. This study assessed safety and efficacy of EDS-FLU in a large population with moderate-to-severe CRS with or without nasal polyps (CRSwNP, CRSsNP).

Prospective Evaluation of Maternal Sleep Position Through 30 Weeks of Gestation and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes.

Objective: To examine the relationship between prospectively assessed maternal sleep position and subsequent adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of a prospective observational multicenter cohort study of nulliparous women with singleton gestations who were enrolled between October 2010 and May 2014. Participants had three study visits that were not part of clinical care.

A Screening Algorithm for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Pregnancy.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common in pregnancy and associated with maternal and fetal complications. Early detection of OSA may have important implications for maternal-fetal well-being. A screening tool combining several methods of assessment may better predict OSA among pregnant women compared with tools that rely solely on self-reported information.

Association of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes With Self-Reported Measures of Sleep Duration and Timing in Women Who Are Nulliparous.

Study Objectives: To examine the relationship of self-reported sleep during pregnancy with adverse pregnancy outcomes. A secondary objective was to describe the concordance between self-reported and objectively assessed sleep during pregnancy.

Methods: In this prospective cohort, women completed a survey of sleep patterns at 6 to 13 weeks' gestation (visit 1) and again at 22 to 29 weeks' gestation (visit 3).

Obstructive sleep apnea in pregnancy: performance of a rapid screening tool.

Purpose: The Sleep Apnea Symptom Score (SASS) has been commonly used to assess obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the SASS and the predictive value of SASS incorporating bedpartner-reported information in identifying OSA in pregnant women.

Methods: A cohort of healthy pregnant women completed the SASS and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.

Changes in Sleep Characteristics and Breathing Parameters During Sleep in Early and Late Pregnancy.

Study Objectives: Few studies have objectively evaluated sleep characteristics during pregnancy or investigated the relationship between altered spectral electroencephalogram (EEG) bands and sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). The study aimed to describe changes in sleep as measured by polysomnography (PSG) and spectral EEG bands during pregnancy and to examine the relationship between delta power in non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep and SDB.

Methods: This is a secondary analysis of a prospective study.