Open-sourced Raman spectroscopy data processing package implementing a baseline removal algorithm validated from multiple datasets acquired in human tissue and biofluids.

Significance: Standardized data processing approaches are required in the field of bio-Raman spectroscopy to ensure information associated with spectral data acquired by different research groups, and with different systems, can be compared on an equal footing.

Aim: An open-sourced data processing software package was developed, implementing algorithms associated with all steps required to isolate the inelastic scattering component from signals acquired using Raman spectroscopy devices. The package includes a novel morphological baseline removal technique (BubbleFill) that provides increased adaptability to complex baseline shapes compared to current gold standard techniques.

Image-guided Raman spectroscopy navigation system to improve transperineal prostate cancer detection. Part 2: in-vivo tumor-targeting using a classification model combining spectral and MRI-radiomics features.

Significance: The diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer (PCa) are limited by a lack of intraoperative information to accurately target tumors with needles for biopsy and brachytherapy. An innovative image-guidance technique using optical devices could improve the diagnostic yield of biopsy and efficacy of radiotherapy.

Aim: To evaluate the performance of multimodal PCa detection using biomolecular features from in-situ Raman spectroscopy (RS) combined with image-based (radiomics) features from multiparametric magnetic resonance images (mpMRI).

Image-guided Raman spectroscopy navigation system to improve transperineal prostate cancer detection. Part 1: Raman spectroscopy fiber-optics system and in situ tissue characterization.

Significance: The diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) and focal treatment by brachytherapy are limited by the lack of precise intraoperative information to target tumors during biopsy collection and radiation seed placement. Image-guidance techniques could improve the safety and diagnostic yield of biopsy collection as well as increase the efficacy of radiotherapy.

Aim: To estimate the accuracy of PCa detection using in situ Raman spectroscopy (RS) in a pilot in-human clinical study and assess biochemical differences between in vivo and ex vivo measurements.

Quantitative spectral quality assessment technique validated using intraoperative in vivo Raman spectroscopy measurements.

Significance: Ensuring spectral quality is prerequisite to Raman spectroscopy applied to surgery. This is because the inclusion of poor-quality spectra in the training phase of Raman-based pathology detection models can compromise prediction robustness and generalizability to new data. Currently, there exists no quantitative spectral quality assessment technique that can be used to either reject low-quality data points in existing Raman datasets based on spectral morphology or, perhaps more importantly, to optimize the in vivo data acquisition process to ensure minimal spectral quality standards are met.

Pre-clinical evaluation of an image-guided in-situ Raman spectroscopy navigation system for targeted prostate cancer interventions.

Purpose: Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) image guidance is the standard of care for diagnostic and therapeutic interventions in prostate cancer (PCa) patients, but can lead to high false-negative rates, compromising downstream effectiveness of therapeutic choices. A promising approach to improve in-situ detection of PCa lies in using the optical properties of the tissue to discern cancer from healthy tissue. In this work, we present the first in-situ image-guided navigation system for a spatially tracked Raman spectroscopy probe integrated in a PCa workflow, capturing the optical tissue fingerprint.

Interstitial imaging with multiple diffusive reflectance spectroscopy projections for blood vessels detection during brain needle biopsy procedures.

Blood vessel injury during image-guided brain biopsy poses a risk of hemorrhage. Approaches that reduce this risk may minimize related patient morbidity. We present here an intraoperative imaging device that has the potential to detect the brain vasculature .

A new method using Raman spectroscopy for in vivo targeted brain cancer tissue biopsy.

Modern cancer diagnosis requires histological, molecular, and genomic tumor analyses. Tumor sampling is often achieved using a targeted needle biopsy approach. Targeting errors and cancer heterogeneity causing inaccurate sampling are important limitations of this blind technique leading to non-diagnostic or poor quality samples, and the need for repeated biopsies pose elevated patient risk.

Effectiveness of a Multimodal Intervention Program for Older Individuals Presenting to the Emergency Department After a Fall in the Northern French Alps Emergency Network.

Objective: Fall-related visits to emergency departments (EDs) are common among older individuals. We aimed to assess effectiveness of a healthcare intervention program for the management of elderly patients admitted to EDs after a fall.

Methods: Using a before-after observation method, we investigated ED healthcare staff practices related to fall-related injuries in 2010 (period 1) and 2012 (period 2) in 13 centers participating in the Northern French Alps Emergency Network.

Sensitivity analysis aimed at blood vessels detection using interstitial optical tomography during brain needle biopsy procedures.

A brain needle biopsy procedure is performed for suspected brain lesions in order to sample tissue that is subsequently analysed using standard histopathology techniques. A common complication resulting from this procedure is brain hemorrhaging from blood vessels clipped off during tissue extraction. Interstitial optical tomography (iOT) has recently been introduced by our group as a mean to assess the presence of blood vessels in the vicinity of the needle.

[Quality of care provided to elderly fallers in the emergency room].

Background: recurrent falls are a major public health problem associated with high morbidity and mortality as well as increased dependence. Multifactorial intervention has been shown to reduce recurrence by 20% (Profet study). The French Health Authority (Haute autorité de santé or HAS) recommends since 2009 a systematic screening for and assessment of risk factors as well as the implementation of preventive measures.

Invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae in France: antimicrobial resistance, serotype, and molecular epidemiology findings from a monthly national study in 2000 to 2002.

A study of 257 French invasive pneumococci isolated between 2000 and 2002 showed high rates of nonsusceptibility to penicillin and macrolides (50%), contrasting with a low frequency of resistance to amoxicillin or levofloxacin (<1%) and tolerance to vancomycin (0%). The genetic homogeneity of some serogroups, including serogroup 1, enhanced the risk of epidemiological changes.

Comparative in vitro activity of faropenem and 11 other antimicrobial agents against 250 invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from France.

The aim of the study presented here was to evaluate the in vitro activity of faropenem, a new member of the penem class intended for oral administration, compared with 11 other antimicrobial agents against a large number of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains isolated from adults and children with bloodstream infections in France. The minimum inhibitory concentration of faropenem against 90% of the pediatric strains tested was generally one to two dilutions lower than the most potent beta-lactam agents (i.e.

Frequency of isolation and antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial pathogens isolated from patients with bloodstream infections: a French prospective national survey.

All bloodstream strains, total 1463, isolated during a 1 month period in 105 hospitals representing all geographical areas in France were collected to study their antimicrobial susceptibility. The three major species were Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci. Among the 242 S.

Effect of a synthetic lipid immunomodulator on the regulation of the transcription factor NF-kappaB.

Macrophage activation plays a central role in host defense against a variety of pathogens via inducible messengers. The transcription factor NF-kappaB controls the synthesis of cytokines involved in immune responses. In quiescent cells, NF-kappaB is located in the cytosol bound to an inhibitor IkappaB.

[Importance of MRI in the diagnosis of meniscal ossicle. Apropos of 2 cases].

Purpose Of The Study: To determine the contribution of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the diagnosis of meniscal ossicle.

Materials And Methods: Two cases of meniscal ossicle were evaluated by plain radiography and MR imaging. Sagittal and coronal T1-weighted (400/15), proton density and T2-weighted (2,000/20,80) sequences were performed with 0.

In vitro biological activities of arglabin, a sesquiterpene lactone from the Chinese herb Artemisia myriantha Wall. (Asteraceae).

The immunomodulating properties of arglabin, a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from Artemisia myriantha Wall. (Asteraceae) were investigated using the murine macrophage tumor line J774.1.

Effects of taxol on the macrophage function. Interactions with some immunological parameters.

The effects of Taxol on some immunological parameters were investigated, in vitro, in the murine macrophage cell line J774.1. Mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity and (3H) TdR incorporation were shown to be increased in Taxol treated cells.

In vitro and in vivo antitumoral activity of free, and encapsulated taxol.

The anti-tumoral activity of taxol encapsulated either in liposomes or in nanocapsules was compared with that of free taxol, using the P388 and L1210 leukaemia test systems. The in vitro inhibition of cell growth was measured after 48 h and 96 h exposure to various concentrations of taxol. With P388 cells, the inhibitory activities of the three forms of the drug were similar.

Antineoplastic activity of two taxol derivatives on an ovarian tumor xenografted into nude mice.

In order to compare the antineoplastic activities of taxol A, taxol B, a mixture of the two (taxol A 72%) and vinblastine, a human ovarian tumor serially transplanted into 104 female athymic mice was used. In the first experiment (11th passage), the antineoplastic activities of taxol A, taxol B and the mixture taxol AB were tested. The same dose was used in each case (12.

Therapeutic response to taxol of six human tumors xenografted into nude mice.

To test the antineoplastic activity of taxol, a natural product isolated from yew (Taxus baccata L.), six human tumors transplanted into athymic mice were used (primary tumors of breast, endometrium, ovary, brain, lung and a recurrence of tongue tumor). While the growth rates varied with the histopathological characteristics of different tumor types, all mice were treated at a mean tumor volume of 200 +/- 8 mm3.

[Action of taxol on human tumors transplanted in athymic mice].

In order to study the antitumour activity of taxol (a diterpene of the taxane type) isolated from Yew: Taxus baccata L. (Taxacae), human tumours implanted as xenografts in athymic Mice were used. Swiss nude mice were treated subcutaneously (12.