Risk factors for total laryngectomy associated proximal esophageal stricture formation in head and neck cancer patients.

Background: Development of esophageal strictures is common after the total laryngectomy of head and neck cancer patients. While endoscopic techniques like dilatation by balloon or Salvary bougies are well established, risk factors and pathophysiology for development of refractory strictures are less well understood.

Objective: To evaluate risk factors associated with occurrence and recurrence of total-laryngectomy-associated esophageal strictures in head and neck cancer patients.

Comparison of PD-L1 expression in squamous cell cancer of unknown primary and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Purpose: The tumorigenesis of squamous cell cancer of unknown primary (SCCUP) in the head and neck area has not been decoded so far, while poor survival rates and limited therapeutic options pose a serious challenge. The aim of this project was to investigate immunological characteristics of SCCUPs and compare them to oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC).

Methods: PD-L1 expression (TC) was examined by immunohistochemistry in 50 lymph node metastases of SCCUP and 47 primaries of OPSCC.

NOTCH1 Intracellular Domain and the Tumor Microenvironment as Prognostic Markers in HNSCC.

(1) Background: NOTCH1 is the second most common mutated gene in whole-exome sequencing of HNSCC. The aim of this project was to gain further insight into the relevance of NOTCH1 in HNSCC, potentially establishing NOTCH1 as a prognostic marker or therapeutic target; (2) Methods: NOTCH1 was silenced via RNA interference in six HNSCC cell lines and the impact was evaluated in migration and proliferation assays. Subsequently, the protein expression of NOTCH1 intracellular domain (NICD) and NOTCH1 mRNA expression were examined in 70 oropharyngeal squamous cell cancer tissue samples.

MEK1/2 regulates APOBEC3B and polymerase iota-induced mutagenesis in head and neck cancer cells.

Resistance to chemotherapy provides a major challenge in treatment of metastatic cancer. Prolonged exposure to almost any drug regimen leads to the formation of resistant subclones in almost all advanced solid tumors. Tumor heterogeneity because of intrinsic genetic instability is seen as one of the major contributing factors.

Report on Late Toxicity in Head-and-Neck Tumor Patients with Long Term Survival after Radiochemotherapy.

Regular tumor follow-up care provided by ear-nose-throat (ENT) specialists ends when patients reach 5-year survival, but radiotoxicity is a continuous lifelong process. In this study, long-term head-and-neck cancer (HNC) survivors undergoing tumor follow-up (FU) care exceeding five years in a certified HNC center of a German university hospital were analyzed for newly diagnosed late sequelae after radio-(chemo-)therapy. Patients diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the oral cavity, larynx or oro-/hypopharynx receiving treatment between 1990 and 2010 with a tumor FU care beyond five years were reviewed retrospectively for signs of late sequelae after radio-(chemo-)therapy (R(C)T) including carotid artery stenosis, stenosis of the cranial esophagus, dysphagia, osteoradionecrosis, and secondary malignancies.

The Efficiency of () stroboscopy in Detecting T1a Glottic Carcinoma and Its Preliminary Stages.

Objective: The efficiency of in detecting premalignancies of the vocal fold and early glottic cancer was determined in a prospective monocentric study. In addition, the recovery rate of the mucosal membrane on the vocal fold after surgical intervention was determined by

Methods: We included 159 patients with a leukoplakia of the vocal folds and 50 healthy controls. Clinicopathological data and characteristics (amplitude, mucosal wave, nonvibratory segment, glottic closure, phase symmetry, periodicity) at the lesion site were obtained and compared with the histopathological results.

Radiooncological View on Therapy Outcome after Multidisciplinary Treatment of Sinonasal Tumors.

Purpose: We report the outcome of a mono-institutional retrospective study of sinonasal carcinoma with the primary focus on GTV (gross tumor volume) and the effect of radiotherapy.

Methods: 53 patients with sinonasal carcinoma and that of the nasal cavity, paranasal sinus or both except lymphoma were included. All patients were treated between 1999 and 2017.

Activity and Adverse Events of Actinium-225-PSMA-617 in Advanced Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer After Failure of Lutetium-177-PSMA.

Background: Beta-emitting Lu-177-labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) radioligand therapy (RLT) is a new option for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), but its antitumor effect can decrease over time.

Objective: To report the safety and activity of alpha-emitting Ac-225-PSMA-617 RLT in mCRPC that has progressed after Lu-177-PSMA.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Twenty-six patients were treated under a compassionate use protocol.

[GERD and adjuvant radio-chemotherapy predespose to recurrent voice prosthesis leakage].

Unlabelled: After total laryngectomy, regaining ability to speech is a keystone in regards of life quality. Voice prostheses have been shown to be a sufficient tool for satisfying communication, although frequent replacements of prostheses are burdening certain patients. Therefore, a more accurate understanding of mechanisms of prosthetic leakage is urgently needed.

[Therapeutic success of proton pump inhibitors in the therapy of contact granulomas].

According to the current S2k guideline "Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)" of 05/2014, an empirical proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy in double standard dose (e. g. Pantoprazole 40 mg 2 ×/day) is recommended for the extraesophageal GERD manifestation (e.

[Update on vocal fold augmentation].

Unilateral vocal fold palsy is a frequent cause of hoarseness. In the presence of glottis closure insufficiency, the effectiveness of conservative voice therapy is often limited and phonosurgery may be indicated. Injection laryngoplasty is effective for correction of insufficiency.

Pre-operative cellular dissociation grading in biopsies is highly predictive of post-operative tumour stage and patient outcome in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Pre-operative treatment planning in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is mainly dictated by clinical staging, which has major shortcomings. Histologic grading is irrelevant due to its lack of prognostic impact. Recently, a novel grading termed Cellular Dissociation Grade (CDG) based on Tumour Budding and Cell Nest Size was shown to be highly prognostic for resected HNSCC.

Quality of Voice and Prognostic Markers for the Recovery of Vocal Fold Paralysis After Thyroid Surgery.

Objectives: This study is set to analyze clinicopathological factors predicting the recovery of unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVP) in patients after thyroid gland surgery. The quality of voice was additionally assessed in these patients.

Methods: The charts and videolaryngostroboscopy (VLS) examinations of 84 consecutive patients with a complete UVP after surgery of the thyroid gland were retrospectively reviewed.

[Subglottic pathologies].

Subglottic pathologies are rare and show a clinical unspecific appearance i. e. through tissue increase around the cricoid or the cranial trachea.

Bradykinin Receptor B1 and C-Reactive Protein as Prognostic Factors for Pharyngocutaneous Fistula Development After Laryngectomy.

Pharyngocutaneous fistulae (PCF) are one of the most common complications after laryngectomy. Predisposing risk factors have been studied, yet knowledge to determine which patients are prone to developing a fistula remains scarce. This study aims to establish prognostic parameters to identify individual patients at risk for PCF development.

[Evaluation of treatment modalities for contact granulomas].

Introduction: There are merely heterogenous therapy modalities for contact granulomas (CG) without evidenced efficacy. The intention of our study was to evaluate possible risk factors as well as to demonstrate therapeutic successful approaches.

Methods: Based on a retrospective analysis on 79 patients with CG we evaluated personal data for the first patient contact, for the first follow-up appointment (FA) averaged 3-4 months after the first contact, for the second follow-up appointment (SA) averaged 6-8 months after the first contact and for the last follow-up (LA) averaged 13 months after the first contact with collecting information concerning a possible gastrolaryngeal reflux disease as well as symptoms like harrumphing, hoarseness, hyperfunctional dysphonia as well as videostroboscopic signs.

Tumor Budding and Cell Nest Size Are Highly Prognostic in Laryngeal and Hypopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Further Evidence for a Unified Histopathologic Grading System for Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Upper Aerodigestive Tract.

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common cancer of the head and neck region including-among others-laryngeal (LSCC) and hypopharyngeal (HSCC) subsites. LSCC/HSCC are heterogenous diseases with respect to patient outcome. Currently, tumor stage-based patient stratification is essential to predict prognosis and thus selection of the appropriate treatment modalities.

Membrane Hsp70-A Novel Target for the Isolation of Circulating Tumor Cells After Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition.

The presence of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the peripheral blood is a pre-requisite for progression, invasion, and metastatic spread of cancer. Consequently, the enumeration and molecular characterization of CTCs from the peripheral blood of patients with solid tumors before, during and after treatment serves as a valuable tool for categorizing disease, evaluating prognosis and for predicting and monitoring therapeutic responsiveness. Many of the techniques for isolating CTCs are based on the expression of epithelial cell surface adhesion molecule (EpCAM, CD326) on tumor cells.

Diagnostic lymph node extirpation in CUP syndrome - useful or damaging?

Objective: In a proportion of patients with cervical lymph node metastasis no primary can be found even with modern imaging and careful clinical examination (cancer of unknown primary syndrome = CUP syndrome). The ideal diagnostic approach is still debated on.

Methods: The clinical data of 75 patients (median age: 61.

The role of oral anticoagulants in epistaxis.

Purpose: The purpose of this retrospective study was to identify the impact of oral anticoagulants on epistaxis with the focus on new oral anticoagulants.

Methods: The study was conducted at the Department  for Ear- Nose- and Throat (ENT), Head and Neck Surgery, Technical University Munich, Germany. All patients presenting in 2014 with the diagnosis of epistaxis to a specialized ENT accident and emergency department were identified and analyzed in clinical data and medication.

[Laryngopharyngeal Reflux].

The prevalence of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is around 31 % in the general population. Patients with a dysphonia or other laryngeal diseases are accompanied up to 50 % by an LPR. Typical reflux associated diseases of the larynx are a chronical laryngitis and a contact granuloma.

Liposarcoma of the Thyroid: A Case Report with a Review of the Literature.

Background: Liposarcomas of the thyroid gland are extremely rare tumors, and, to our knowledge, only 12 cases have been reported in the English literature. An accurate diagnosis is challenging due to the nonspecific clinical presentation of this cancer, frequently defined just by a swelling of the neck.

Patient Findings: We present an 82-year-old woman with liposarcoma of the thyroid, complaining of a fast-growing neck mass.