Arsenic-induced plant stress: Mitigation strategies and omics approaches to alleviate toxicity.

Arsenic (As) is a metalloid pollutant that is extensively distributed in the biosphere. As is among the most prevalent and toxic elements in the environment; it induces adverse effects even at low concentrations. Due to its toxic nature and bioavailability, the presence of As in soil and water has prompted numerous agricultural, environmental, and health concerns.

Influence of soil amendments on phytostabilization, localization and distribution of zinc and cadmium by marigold varieties.

Marigolds (Tagetes erecta L.) were evaluated for phytoremediation potential of cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn) as a function of amendment application to soil. Vermicompost (V), biodigestate (Bi), and combined V + Bi (VBi) were used as soil amendments in Zn and Cd co-contaminated soils.

Necrophagous flies as bioindicators in Cd and Zn co-contaminated areas of Tak Province, Thailand.

Necrophagous flies may be effective bioindicators of chemical substances within polluted locations, as they are sensitive to environmental changes, have large populations, and thrive in a single location over their lifespan. Diversity and abundance of necrophagous flies were determined at livestock farms contaminated with potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in Tak Province and Nakhon Sawan Province, Thailand. Substantial soil zinc (Zn) concentrations (> 1100 mg kg) were detected at a cattle farm at Khaothong, Nakhon Sawan Province, and soil cadmium (Cd) values were significantly elevated (> 3 mg kg) at a cattle farm in Pha De, Tak Province.

Assessing phytotoxicity and cyto-genotoxicity of two insecticides using a battery of in-vitro biological assays.

Intensive use of chemical pesticides in agriculture poses environmental risks and may have negative impacts on agricultural productivity. The potential phytotoxicity of two chemical pesticides, chlorpyrifos (CPS) and fensulfothion (FSN), were evaluated using Cicer arietinum and Allium cepa as model crops. Different concentrations (0-100 μgmL) of both CPS and FSN decreased germination and biological attributes of C.

Synergistic effects of biofilm-producing PGPR strains on wheat plant colonization, growth and soil resilience under drought stress.

Drought stress substantially impedes crop productivity throughout the world. Microbial based approaches have been considered a potential possibility and are under study. Based on our prior screening examination, two distinct and novel biofilm-forming PGPR strains namely -FAB1 and -FAP3 are encompassed in this research.

Stress-Tolerant Endophytic Isolate BPR-9 Modulates Physio-Biochemical Mechanisms in Wheat ( L.) for Enhanced Salt Tolerance.

In efforts to improve plant productivity and enhance defense mechanisms against biotic and abiotic stresses, endophytic bacteria have been used as an alternative to chemical fertilizers and pesticides. In the current study, 25 endophytic microbes recovered from plant organs of L. (wheat) were assessed for biotic (phyto-fungal pathogens) and abiotic (salinity, drought, and heavy metal) stress tolerance.

Photocatalytic and biological technologies for elimination of microplastics in water: Current status.

Water pollution by microplastics (MPs) has emerged as a significant environmental and public health concern. Several conventional technologies in drinking water and wastewater treatment facilities are capable of capturing a substantial portion of microplastics from surface water; however, only limited methods are available for actual destruction of microplastics. Rate of success is highly variable, and actual mechanisms which result in MP destruction are only partly known.

Copper: uptake, toxicity and tolerance in plants and management of Cu-contaminated soil.

Copper (Cu) is an essential mineral nutrient for the proper growth and development of plants; it is involved in myriad morphological, physiological, and biochemical processes. Copper acts as a cofactor in various enzymes and performs essential roles in photosynthesis, respiration and the electron transport chain, and is a structural component of defense genes. Excess Cu, however, imparts negative effects on plant growth and productivity.

Biotechnology and nanotechnology for remediation of chlorinated volatile organic compounds: current perspectives.

Chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs) are persistent organic pollutants which are harmful to public health and the environment. Many CVOCs occur in substantial quantities in groundwater and soil, even though their use has been more carefully managed and restricted in recent years. This review summarizes recent data on several innovative treatment solutions for CVOC-affected media including bioremediation, phytoremediation, nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI)-based reductive dehalogenation, and photooxidation.

Fungicide-Tolerant Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Mitigate Physiological Disruption of White Radish Caused by Fungicides Used in the Field Cultivation.

Excessive use of fungicides in agriculture may result in substantial accumulation of active residues in soil, which affect crop health and yield. We investigated the response of (white radish) to fungicides in soil and potential beneficial interactions of radish plants with fungicide-tolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). The PGPR were isolated from cabbage and mustard rhizospheres.

Phytoremediation of engineered nanoparticles using aquatic plants: Mechanisms and practical feasibility.

Certain plants have demonstrated the capability to take up and accumulate metals, thus offering the potential to remediate metal-contaminated water and sediment. Several aquatic species have further been identified which can take up metal and metal oxide engineered nanoparticles (ENPs). It is important to evaluate if aquatic plants exhibiting potential for metal phytoremediation can be applied to remediation of metallic ENPs.

Assessment of soil and groundwater contamination at a former Tannery district in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

The uncontrolled and unplanned development of leather processing industries in Bangladesh has contaminated land and water, prompting concerns for public health. Hazaribagh, located in the southwestern part of Dhaka, has been the city's principal leather processing zone since the 1960s. In order to alleviate the environmental contamination and public health risks to citizens of Hazaribagh and downstream, a relocation project was launched to remove the tanning industry.

Nanoparticles: biosynthesis, translocation and role in plant metabolism.

Nanotechnology is an emerging field of science that applies particles between 1 and 100 nm in size for a range of practical uses. Nano-technological discoveries have opened novel applications in biotechnology and agriculture. Many reactions involving nanoparticles (NPs) are more efficient compared to those of their respective bulk materials.

Soil amendments for cadmium phytostabilization by five marigold cultivars.

In recent years, ornamental plants have come under investigation as phytoremediation agents. In addition to reducing contaminant concentrations in soil, such plants support local economies by serving social (e.g.

Removal efficiency of commonly prescribed antibiotics via tertiary wastewater treatment.

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have been identified as "hot spots" of antibiotics release to the environment. Treatment operations at WWTPs may remove a significant proportion of antibiotics from influent wastewater; however, the effects of tertiary treatment processes on antibiotics removal are not well understood. The objective of this review is to summarize the current literature regarding antibiotics removal from common tertiary processes at full-scale municipal WWTPs and to reveal the research gaps and inform future research directions.

Aquatic plants for phytostabilization of cadmium and zinc in hydroponic experiments.

Cadmium (Cd) may be toxic to aquatic plants even at modest concentrations, and excessive quantities of zinc (Zn) decrease plant performance. The Cd and Zn phytoremediation potential of several aquatic plant species (Thalia geniculate, Cyperus alternifolius, Canna indica, Eichhornia crassipes, Pistia stratiotes) and one grass species (Vetiveria zizanioides) was evaluated in hydroponic experiments. Vetiveria zizanioides, E.

Phytomanagement of radionuclides and heavy metals in mangrove sediments of Pattani Bay, Thailand using Avicennia marina and Pluchea indica.

This study determines uptake and accumulation of radionuclides and heavy metals by Pluchea indica and Avicennia marina and evaluates phytoremediation potential via greenhouse and field experiments. P. indica and A.

Synergistic phytoremediation of wastewater by two aquatic plants (Typha angustifolia and Eichhornia crassipes) and potential as biomass fuel.

The ability of a mixture of Typha angustifolia and Eichhornia crassipes to remove organics, nutrients, and heavy metals from wastewater from a Thailand fresh market was studied. Changes in physicochemical properties of the wastewater including pH, temperature, chemical oxygen demand, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total P, TOC, conductivity, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, NO-N, NH-N, and metal (Pb, Cd, and Zn) concentrations were monitored. In the aquatic plant (AP) treatment, 100% survival of both species was observed.

Influence of amendments on Cd and Zn uptake and accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) in contaminated soil.

Cadmium is a toxic metallic element that poses serious human health risks via consumption of contaminated agricultural products. The effect of mixtures of dicalcium phosphate and organic amendments, namely cow manure (MD) and leonardite (LD), on Cd and Zn uptake of three rice cultivars (KDML105, KD53, and PSL2) was examined in mesocosm experiments. Plant growth, Cd and Zn accumulation, and physicochemical properties of the test soils were investigated before and after plant harvest.

Occurrence of heavy metals and radionuclides in sediments and seawater in mangrove ecosystems in Pattani Bay, Thailand.

Mangrove ecosystems in Pattani Bay, Thailand are considered representatives for monitoring the occurrence of anthropogenic and natural pollution due to metal and radionuclide contamination. Sediments and seawater were collected from five locations to determine metal (Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Zn, and Pb) and radionuclide (Ra, Th, and K) concentrations. Spatial variations in metal and radionuclide concentrations were determined among the sampling sites.

Radionuclide (Ra, Th, K) accumulation among plant species in mangrove ecosystems of Pattani Bay, Thailand.

Little is known regarding phytoremediation of radionuclides from soil; even less is known about radionuclide contamination and removal in tropical ecosystems such as mangrove forests. In mangrove forests in Pattani Bay, Thailand, 18 plant species from 17 genera were evaluated for radionuclide concentrations within selected plant parts. Two shrub species, Avicennia marina and Pluchea indica, accumulated the highest Th (24.

Phytostabilization potential of two ecotypes of Vetiveria zizanioides in cadmium-contaminated soils: greenhouse and field experiments.

Soil contamination by cadmium (Cd) poses a serious environmental and public health concern. Phytoremediation, i.e.

Microbial degradation of gasoline in soil: Effect of season of sampling.

In cases where fire debris contains soil, microorganisms can rapidly and irreversibly alter the chemical composition of any ignitable liquid residue that may be present. In this study, differences in microbial degradation due to the season in which the sample is collected was examined. Soil samples were collected from the same site during Fall, Winter, Spring and Summer and the degradation of gasoline was monitored over 30 days.