[Feto-maternal metabolism in human normal pregnancies: study of 73 cases].

From 73 normal pregnancies of gestational age between 17 and 41 weeks of gestation (WG), the concentrations of glucose, pyruvate and lactate, free fatty acids, ketone bodies (aceto-acetate and beta-hydroxybutyrate) and cholesterol were assessed on maternal venous blood (MVB) and umbilical venous blood (UVB), sampled by cordocentesis. The objective of this work was to study feto-maternal metabolism, as well as nutritional exchange between maternal blood and fetal blood during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. Maternal and fetal glycemias, as well as maternal-fetal glucose concentration gradient, were found stable during the studied gestational period; maternal glucose is always higher than fetal glucose, with a mean concentration delta of 0.

[Biochemical profile of fetal blood sampled by cordocentesis in 35 pregnancies complicated by growth retardation].

Aim Of The Study: Intra-uterine growth retardation (IUGR) is a frequent pathology in obstetrics characterized by high heterogeneity. Fetal smallness is sometimes constitutional, but can also be accompanied by fetal distress and vital risks for the infant. In 35 pregnancies complicated by IUGR of different etiologies, we measured on fetal blood obtained by cordocentesis, biochemical variables characteristic of the fetuses' respiratory and metabolic status.

Prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi species and identification of Borrelia valaisiana in questing Ixodes ricinus in the Lyon region of France as determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism.

Many cases of Lyme borreliosis have been reported over the years in the region of Lyon, France. The identification and prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in Ixodes ricinus were investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the flagellin gene and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. Questing Ixodes ricinus larvae, nymphs and adults were collected by the flagging method from deciduous forests in four areas in the Lyon region of France between October 1994 and September 1995 and in June 1998.

Stimulant use in sports.

The authors provide an overview of the topic of stimulant use in psychiatric sports medicine. They address the following areas: 1) the history of stimulant use in sports; 2) recent events related to the use of stimulants in sports, including a new stimulant used at the 1996 Olympic competition in Atlanta, GA; 3) ergogenic or ergolytic (i.e.

[Decarboxyprothrombin: importance in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma].

We have studied the value of decarboxyprothrombin assay, in association with that of alpha-foeto-protein (AFP), for the biological diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Levels of decarboxyprothrombin and AFP were measured in 60 patients divided into two groups: 37 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma from liver cirrhosis, confirmed by histology; 23 patients with liver cirrhosis, but having not developed hepatocellular carcinoma. The cirrhosis was in most of cases consecutive to hepatitis B or hepatitis C infection, or of alcoholic origin.

[Acid-base equilibrium and oxygenation of the human fetus. Study of 73 samples obtained by cordocentesis].

Acid-base state and oxygenation of fetal blood were evaluated in a group of 73 appropriate for gestational age fetuses between 17 and 41 weeks of gestation; fetal blood was obtained by cordocentesis. We measured, on umbilical venous blood, pH, pCO2, bicarbonates and total CO2, pO2 and percent oxygen saturation; we obtained following results: pH = 7.309 +/- 0.

Evaluation of the E test for fluconazole susceptibility testing of Candida albicans isolates from oropharyngeal candidiasis.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the utility of the E test in determining the antifungal susceptibility of Candida albicans. Reproducibility of the E test was determined for amphotericin B, fluconazole, and itraconazole using three different solid media: RPMI 1640, Casitone, and yeast nitrogen base agar. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were comparable (results at +/- 2 dilutions) in 92% of the tests for amphotericin B and in 100% for fluconazole and itraconazole.

Prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi (sensu lato) in Ixodes ricinus (L.) populations in France, according to a phytoecological zoning of the territory.

Ixodes ricinus is considered as the main vector of Lyme Borreliosis in France. The aim of our investigations was to obtain a comprehensive view of the spatial risk linked to the distribution of the species in our country. Previous studies [1] have provided strong evidence that the species populations are widely distributed, so the objective of the present work was to ascertain the bacteriological infection of the tick by the agent of the zoonosis (Borrelia burgdorferi, sensu lato), over the French territory, whatever the ecological conditions may be.

[Ecoepidemiology of Lyme borreliosis in the Rhône-Alps region. Distribution, ecological context, relationship to the distribution of Ixodes ricinus (Linnaeus, 1758)].

The aim of the study was to precise the geographical repartition of Lyme borreliosis in the Rhône-Alpes district, to describe the ecological characteristics of the areas propitious to the disease, and to verify the vectorial competence of I. ricinus. The cases of Lyme disease were located by means of a questionnaire sent to 1156 physicians.

[The colonization of forested areas by Ixodes ricinus (Linné, 1758) in France: use of the roe deer, Capreolus capreolus (L. 1758) as a biological marker].

The roe-deer is a wild animal for which Ixodes ricinus has a particular fondness. Its territory is similar to that of the ticks and it is a species which is found throughout France yet which rarely leaves its territory. Given these conditions, a systematic parasitological examination of the ungulate can provide pertinent information concerning the forests inhabited by the tick.

[Microalbuminuria and pregnancy. Is microalbuminuria predictive of pregnancy toxemia?].

Several authors have suggested that estimating the levels of microalbuminuria will help in early screening for pre-eclampsia. The purpose of this work has been to look for the absence of microalbuminuria in normal pregnancies and to work out its predictive value for the risk of toxaemia of pregnancy when it does appear. The study was carried out on 257 women of whom 43 were controls and 214 women who were pregnant and had neither diabetes nor hypertension and had no kidney infections.

Relationships between the Rhipicephalus sanguineus complex ecology and Mediterranean spotted fever epidemiology in France.

The authors examine the epidemiologic features of Mediterranean spotted fever in France in light of the bioecological peculiarities of each of the three known member of the Rhipicephalus sanguineus tick group (R. sanguineus, R. turanicus, R.

[Values and limitations of the detection of circulating Candida antigen (Cand-Tec) in the diagnosis of deep candidiasis].

Diagnosis of systemic candidiasis is difficult and often performed lately. It can be improved by Candida antigen detection, using agglutination of latex particles sensitized with anti-Candida albicans antibody. Candida antigen search was made in 407 sera obtained from 123 patients, in Hematology and in intensive care units.

[Carcinoembryonic antigen. Evaluation in intestinal lavage fluids and in the tissue of colorectal tumors].

Carcinoembryonic antigen in pre-operative or pre-endoscopic intestinal lavage rinsing fluids was assayed in 21 healthy subjects, 15 presenting polyps and 12 presenting colorectal cancer. Comparison of the results with those of histological and immunohistological studies showed that this assay did not allow detection of intestinal cancer or evaluation of its developmental stage.

Determination of serum ferritin by a one-step immunoenzymoassay, and comparison of four liver-ferritin standards.

We describe a one step "sandwich"-type immunoenzymoassay for ferritin in human serum. The solid-phase consists of glutaraldehyde-treated polypropylene tubes coated with rabbit antibody to human ferritin. Liver ferritin is the standard.

[Fluorimetric assay of serum 5-fluorocytosine].

A manual and fast procedure for the fluorimetric determination of 5-fluorocytosine in the serum, after extraction by chloroform is described. The intra-assay variation was between 3,1 and 4,1%; the inter-assay variation was 4,8%. The results obtained are in good agreement with those obtained by the microbiological method.

[Carcinoembryonic antigen in intestinal lavage fluids and the tissue of colorectal tumors].

Determination of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was carried out in 48 intestinal washing fluids (21 from healthy subjects, 15 from patients with polyps and 12 from patients with colorectal carcinoma). The histologic study of polyps and the histologic and immunohistochemical studies of tumors were realized. In the polyps's group, the mean of ACE is significantly higher than that of the volunteers's group, but 7 subjects have a CEA level below the mean and 8 subjects have a CEA level twice this mean.

[Research of keratinophiles in the soil and their effects on human cutaneous pathology in the Lyons area].

Between 1967 and 1977, the systematic research of keratinophiles of the ground in a radius of 30--50 km around Lyon, has shown the ubiquitarian predominance of Microsporum nanum, which is probably the most ancient occupant of the ground. The most intensive areas of human and animal occupation in the Rhodanian tract show the predominance of Microsporum gypseum, which is scarcely found in man. Sporadic localizations, tightly limites, bound to cirulcation axes and international gathering, let us detect Microsporum cookei, Trichophyton verrucosum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Chrysosporium keratinophilum, and Keratinomyces ajelloi.