Bone loss after bariatric surgery is observed mainly in the hip trabecular compartment and after hypoabsorptive techniques.

We evaluated the impact of bariatric surgery on bone mineral density (BMD) and microarchitecture over one year using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), the trabecular bone score (TBS), and 3D-DXA to assess changes after different surgical techniques. This prospective, single-center study of 153 patients with severe obesity contrasts the effects on bone health of sleeve gastrectomy (SG), Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), and duodenal switch/single anastomosis duodeno-ileostomy with sleeve gastrectomy (DS/SADIS). To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate patients undergoing DS/SADIS and to incorporate 3D-DXA analysis in the assessment of bone loss.

Transpiration Dynamics of Esparto Grass ( (L.) Kunth) in a Semi-Arid Mediterranean Climate: Unraveling the Impacts of Pine Competition.

(), or esparto, is a perennial tussock grass that coexists with () in semi-arid Mediterranean woodlands. This research was carried out to explore diurnal transpiration at leaf level in esparto grass under different levels of pine-esparto competition and in contrasting environmental soil water conditions. The measurement period spanned from the summer of 2020 to the spring of 2021.

The clinical impact of untreated slow ventricular tachycardia in patients carrying implantable cardiac defibrillators.

Introduction: The clinical impact of slow ventricular tachycardia (VT), occurring in patients carrying implantable cardiac defibrillators (ICD), is still under debate.

Methods And Results: From the UMBRELLA registry (multicenter, observational, and prospective study on patients with ICD), 659 episodes of slow VT were observed in 97 patients. Untreated slow VT (n = 93) had longer duration (23.

Liquid biopsy by NGS: Differential presence of exons (DPE) is related to metastatic potential in a colon-cancer model in the rat.

Differential presence of exons (DPE) is a method of interpretation of exome sequencing, which has been proposed to design a predictive algorithm with clinical value in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). The goal of the present study was to examine the reproducibility in a rat model of metastatic colon cancer. DHD/K12-TRb cells were injected in syngenic immunocompetent BD-IX rats.

Computational anatomy for multi-organ analysis in medical imaging: A review.

The medical image analysis field has traditionally been focused on the development of organ-, and disease-specific methods. Recently, the interest in the development of more comprehensive computational anatomical models has grown, leading to the creation of multi-organ models. Multi-organ approaches, unlike traditional organ-specific strategies, incorporate inter-organ relations into the model, thus leading to a more accurate representation of the complex human anatomy.

Determinants of renal and patient outcomes in a Spanish cohort of patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis and renal involvement.

The classification of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) remains controversial. The main objective of this study was to define the respective values of ANCA serotype-based classification, clinicopathological classification, and histopathological classification in predicting patient and renal outcomes in a Spanish cohort of patients with ANCA with specificity for myeloperoxidase, MPO-ANCA, versus ANCA with specificity for proteinase 3, PR3-ANCA. Two hundred and forty-five patients with ANCA-AAV and biopsy-proven renal involvement diagnosed between 2000 and 2104 were recruited in 12 nephrology services.

Potential clinical significance of perioperative levels of mRNA in plasma from patients with cancer of the larynx or hypopharynx.

Background: The use of plasma as a "liquid biopsy" has gained increasing attention. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic utility of the perioperative detection and quantitation of mRNAs encoding human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) in plasma from patients with cancer of the larynx or hypopharynx.

Methods: We recruited 47 patients with laryngeal cancer and 2 patients with hypopharyngeal cancer, plus 27 healthy subjects.

Case report: lupus nephritis with autoantibodies to complement alternative pathway proteins and C3 gene mutation.

Background: Glomerulonephritis is one of the most severe complications of lupus, a systemic disease with multi-organ involvement, with tissue damage produced mainly by complement activation. As a result of this activation, patients with active lupus present hypocomplementemia during disease flares, but C3 and C4 levels are recovered between episodes.

Case Presentation: We present a patient who suffered two lupus nephritis episodes in 5 years, achieving complete remission with treatment after both of them, but with C3 levels persistently below normal range.

Micropapillary carcinoma of the urinary tract: a cytologic study of urine and fine-needle aspirate samples.

Objective: Micropapillary carcinoma (MPC) is an aggressive variant of urothelial carcinoma that needs early and specific recognition. In order to determine whether this tumor variant can be recognized with cytology, we evaluated a large cytohistological series.

Study Design: It was a retrospective cytohistological correlation study including 20 patients with MPC.

Quantitation of cell-free DNA and RNA in plasma during tumor progression in rats.

Background: To clarify the implications of cell-free nucleic acids (cfNA) in the plasma in neoplastic disease, it is necessary to determine the kinetics of their release into the circulation.

Methods: To quantify non-tumor and tumor DNA and RNA in the plasma of tumor-bearing rats and to correlate such levels with tumor progression, we injected DHD/K12-PROb colon cancer cells subcutaneously into syngenic BD-IX rats. Rats were sacrificed and their plasma was analyzed from the first to the eleventh week after inoculation.

Pneumonectomy in isoflurane-anesthetized rats without tracheal intubation: an experimental model.

Introduction: A few models for pneumonectomy in rats have been described, and in most of these, anesthesia includes orotracheal intubation, which increases morbidity and mortality and also adds technical complexity. Models without tracheal intubation but with injectable anesthesia are difficult to reproduce, however, and lead to a lengthy postoperative-recovery period with high morbidity and mortality rates.

Objective: The objective of this study was to describe a simple, safe, and effective experimental model for pneumonectomy in rats without tracheal intubation.

Goodpasture's syndrome associated with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura secondary to an ADAMTS-13 deficit.

A 27-year-old man was hospitalized for acute kidney injury associated with antiglomerular basement membrane antibodies (anti-GBM). He underwent immunosuppression and plasma exchange therapy, without recovery of renal function. Later on, he was again admitted to the hospital with seizures.

Thrombotic microangiopathy associated with use of interferon-beta.

Interferon-beta is widely used for the treatment of relapsing multiple sclerosis. The drug is usually well tolerated, but autoimmune adverse effects, including kidney disease, have been reported. Only a few cases of hemolytic uremic syndrome-thrombotic microangiopathy associated interferon-alpha have been described so far, and even fewer with beta-interferon.

Transformation of non-tumor host cells during tumor progression: theories and evidence.

Introduction: Most cancer deaths are due to the development of metastases and this phenomenon is still a hard challenge for researchers. A number of theories have tried to unravel the metastatic machinery, but definitive results that link the evidence with conventional concepts of metastatic disease remain to be reported.

Areas Covered: Considerable evidence suggests interactions between tumor cells and host cells that might be essential for tumor progression and metastasis.

Nephrotic syndrome and idiopathic membranous nephropathy associated with autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease.

We report the case of a 38-year-old male with autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) and concomitant nephrotic syndrome secondary to membranous nephropathy (MN). A 3-month course of prednisone 60 mg daily and losartan 100 mg daily resulted in resistance. Treatment with chlorambucil 0.

Inhibition of tyrosine kinases by sunitinib associated with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis lesion in addition to thrombotic microangiopathy.

Sunitinib is an orally administered inhibitor of tyrosine kinases and has become the standard of care for many patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Its use has been associated with renal toxicity in some patients. We report a patient with a metastatic clear-cell renal carcinoma who showed arterial hypertension, nephrotic syndrome and azotaemia 10 months after treatment with sunitinib.

Efficiency and safety of a technique for drawing blood from the hamster cranial vena cava.

The authors evaluated the efficiency and safety of a technique for drawing blood from the cranial vena cava of the hamster (Mesocricetus auratus). They collected blood from Golden Syrian hamsters (n = 15) and from epileptic hamsters (GASH/Sal strain; n = 10) that were anesthetized with isoflurane. Four epileptic hamsters constituted a control group that underwent anesthesia but not blood collection.

Loss of a reporter gene for green fluorescent protein during tumor progression suggests the recruitment of host cells in rats with experimentally induced colon cancer.

The interactions between a host's normal cells and tumor cells appear to be of significant importance during the development of tumors. In the present study, we examined this issue using a cancer model in vivo in which tumor cells were tagged with a reporter gene for green fluorescent protein (GFP). We used a model of colon cancer in immunocompetent rats, which were given a subcutaneous injection of tumor cells that had been transfected with a gene for GFP.

Release of cell-free DNA into the bloodstream leads to high levels of non-tumor plasma DNA during tumor progression in rats.

To examine the implications of cell-free DNA in the plasma in neoplastic disease, it is necessary to clarify various features of this DNA, such as the contribution of DNA from the host's normal cells and the kinetics of the release of this latter DNA. To quantify non-tumor DNA in the plasma of tumor-bearing rats and to correlate levels of this DNA with tumor progression, we injected DHD/K12-PROb colon cancer cells subcutaneously into BD-IX rats and recorded tumor diameters weekly. After euthanasia, we collected plasma from each rat and quantified non-mutated and mutated DNA in the plasma.

[Mesenteric ischemia in hemodialysis patients].

Introduction: Mesenteric ischaemia is an abdominal pathology with a high mortality rate. Among the population under dialysis treatment it presents some different traits such as non-occlusive mesenteric attacks in most of the cases. Its diagnosis is difficult and it is usually the result of an interdisciplinary collaboration.