Long-term health benefit and economic return of time in range (TIR) improvement in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Objective: Time in range (TIR) is an important metric to measure variability of blood glucose levels. The aim is to quantify the long-term health benefits and economic return associated with improved TIR for individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Method: A Markov model with three states (T2D, T2D with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and death) estimated 20-year medical costs, quality-adjusted life-years (QALY) gained and CVD risk under four TIR scenarios: >85%, 71%-85%, 51%-70% and ≤50%.

Developing an automated algorithm for identification of children and adolescents with diabetes using electronic health records from the OneFlorida+ clinical research network.

Aim: To develop an automated computable phenotype (CP) algorithm for identifying diabetes cases in children and adolescents using electronic health records (EHRs) from the UF Health System.

Materials And Methods: The CP algorithm was iteratively derived based on structured data from EHRs (UF Health System 2012-2020). We randomly selected 536 presumed cases among individuals aged <18 years who had (1) glycated haemoglobin levels ≥ 6.

Renal function as an effect modifier of intensive glucose control in delaying cognitive function decline among individuals with type 2 diabetes: A revisit to the ACCORD MIND trial.

Aim: Dysglycaemia accelerates cognitive decline. Intensive glucose control may help delay or prevent cognitive function decline (CFD). We aimed to determine how patient characteristics influence the effect of intensive glucose control [glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) <6.

Association between low cognitive performance and diabetes-related health indicators across racial and ethnic groups in adults with diabetes.

Aim: To examine the associations between low cognitive performance (LCP) and diabetes-related health indicators (including body mass index [BMI], HbA1c, systolic blood pressure [SBP], low-density lipoprotein [LDL] and self-reported poor physical health) and whether these associations vary across racial/ethnic subgroups.

Methods: We identified adults aged 60 years or older with self-reported diabetes from the 2011-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Individuals with cognitive test scores in the lowest quartile were defined as having LCP.

Some patients with type 2 diabetes may benefit from intensive glycaemic and blood pressure control: A post-hoc machine learning analysis of ACCORD trial data.

Aim: The action to control cardiovascular risk in diabetes (ACCORD) trial showed a neutral average treatment effect of intensive blood glucose and blood pressure (BP) controls in preventing major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Yet, treatment effects across patient subgroups have not been well understood. We aimed to identify patient subgroups that might benefit from intensive glucose or BP controls for preventing MACE.

Association between Antidepressants and Dementia Risk in Older Adults with Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Depression, commonly treated with antidepressants, is associated with an increased risk of dementia, especially in older adults. However, the association between antidepressant use and dementia risk is unclear. We searched for randomized controlled trials and observational studies from PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane on 1 February 2022, restricting to full texts in English.

The role of health system penetration rate in estimating the prevalence of type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents using electronic health records.

Objective: Having sufficient population coverage from the electronic health records (EHRs)-connected health system is essential for building a comprehensive EHR-based diabetes surveillance system. This study aimed to establish an EHR-based type 1 diabetes (T1D) surveillance system for children and adolescents across racial and ethnic groups by identifying the minimum population coverage from EHR-connected health systems to accurately estimate T1D prevalence.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional analysis involving children and adolescents <20 years old identified from the OneFlorida+ Clinical Research Network (2018-2020).

Incremental burden on health-related quality of life, health service utilization and direct medical expenditures associated with cognitive impairment among non-institutionalized people with diabetes aged 65 years and older.

Aims: To quantify the incremental health and economic burden associated with cognitive impairment (CI) among non-institutionalized people with diabetes ≥65 years in the United States.

Materials And Methods: Using 2016-2019 Medical Expenditure Panel Surveys data, we identified participants ≥65 years with diabetes. We used propensity score weighting to quantify the CI-associated incremental burden on health-related quality of life measured by the 12-item Short Form Survey (SF-12), including the mental component summary score, physical component summary score and health utility.

Network module function enrichment analysis of lung squamous cell carcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) are the two major subtypes of non-small cell lung cancer that pose a serious threat to human health. However, both subtypes currently lack effective indicators for early diagnosis.

Methods: To identify tumor-specific indicators and predict cancer-related signaling pathways, LUSC and LUAD gene weighted co-expression networks were constructed.

Epidemiology, molecular characterization, and drug resistance of IncHI5 plasmids from Enterobacteriaceae.

The increasingly frequent occurence of IncHI5 plasmids has attracted worldwide attention. The aim of this study was to perform an in-depth bioinformatics analysis to determine the genetic characteristics and global distribution of all IncHI5 plasmids. The geographic distribution and epidemiology of all IncHI5 plasmids from GenBank were analyzed based on relevant literature reports and background information from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).

Shared network pattern of lung squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma illuminates therapeutic targets for non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a malignant tumor with high mortality. Lung squamous carcinoma (LUSC) and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) are the common subtypes of NSCLC. However, how LUSC and LUAD are compatible remains to be elucidated.

Changes in racial and ethnic disparities in glucose-lowering drug utilization and glycated haemoglobin A1c in US adults with diabetes: 2005-2018.

Aim: To examine changes in racial and ethnic disparities in glucose-lowering drugs (GLD) use and glycated haemoglobin A1c in US adults with diabetes from 2005 to 2018.

Methods: We conducted pooled cross-sectional analysis using data from the 2005-2018 Medical Expenditure Panel Surveys, and the 2005-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Individuals ≥18 years with diabetes were included.

Emergence of Extensively Drug-Resistant ST170 Citrobacter portucalensis with Plasmids pK218-KPC, pK218-NDM, and pK218-SHV from a Tertiary Hospital, China.

The objective of this study is to characterize the molecular mechanism of a clinical carbapenem-resistant Citrobacter portucalensis strain K218, which coproduces KPC and NDM carbapenemases. K218 was isolated from a patient's blood sample in a Chinese tertiary hospital. Carbapenemases were detected by the immunocolloidal gold technique.

Warfarin Adherence Among Patients with Atrial Fibrillation in Rural Area of Dongyang, China: A Questionnaire-Based Study.

Introduction: Adherence to warfarin is associated with improved outcome in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), but the adherence status of patients in rural areas of China is not known.

Methods: A questionnaire-based study evaluating warfarin adherence of rural residents with AF was carried out in Dongyang, China. Potentially eligible patients were screened and contacted by telephone, and their demographic characteristics were collected.

Epidemiology of Carrying Multidrug-Resistant IncHI5 Plasmids in the Southeast Coastal Area of China.

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the genomic characterization of multidrug-resistant IncHI5-carrying strains and detailed genomic dissection of the IncHI5 plasmids.

Materials And Methods: Through whole-genome sequencing, the IncHI5 plasmid pK92-qnrS was obtained from a single clinical isolate K92. All complete genomes of strains from the Genome database of NCBI were collected and used to construct a maximum likelihood (ML) phylogenetic tree.

Efficacy of iGlarLixi on 5-year risk of diabetes-related complications: A simulation study.

Objective: This study simulated the 5-year risk of diabetes complications associated with the use of iGlarLixi, a fixed-ratio combination of insulin glargine 100 U/ml and lixisenatide, in type 2 diabetes (T2D) using the BRAVO diabetes model.

Methods: The six-month efficacy data of iGlarLixi and Standard of Care (SOC) were extracted from the LixiLan-O (NCT02058147) and ORIGIN (NCT00069784) trials, respectively. The trial participants' baseline characteristics were standardized to the ACCORD trial through a matching method.

The diminishing cost-effectiveness of the newer glucose-lowering drug classes in the United States: 2010-2018.

Background: The difference between the costs of the newer and older glucose-lowering drugs (GLMs) has been steadily increasing since 2010. In 2018, newer drugs cost 8-12 times more than older drugs (except for insulin). This study aimed to understand how the cost change influenced the cost-effectiveness of the newer GLMs.

A varied approach to left ventricular assist device follow-up improves cost-effectiveness.

Background: Left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation improves outcomes in advanced heart failure, however, the optimal frequency of outpatient assessments to improve cost-effectiveness and potentially avert readmissions is unclear.

Methods: To test if varying the frequency of follow-up after LVAD implantation reduces readmissions and improves cost-effectiveness, a less intensive follow-up (LIFU) strategy with scheduled visits at 1 month and then every 6 months was compared to an intensive follow-up (IFU) group with scheduled visits at 1, 2, and 4 weeks, and then every 3 months post-implant. We developed a decision-tree model to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of different follow-up schedules at 3, 6, and 12-months.

Potential role of chimeric genes in pathway-related gene co-expression modules.

Background: Gene fusion has epigenetic modification functions. The novel proteins encoded by gene fusion products play a role in cancer development. Therefore, a better understanding of the novel protein products may provide insights into the pathogenesis of tumors.

Biological activities of siRNA-loaded lanthanum phosphate nanoparticles on colorectal cancer.

Lanthanum can reduce absorption of phosphate by forming lanthanum phosphate complexes after oral administration of lanthanum carbonate tablets (FOSRENOL®) in patients. Based on the pH-responsive interaction of phosphate and lanthanum ions, the chitosan coated siRNA-loaded lanthanum phosphate nanoparticles (CS/LaP/siRNA NPs) were prepared for improving cancer treatment, in which polysaccharide chitosan was used as the outer shell to control the excessive growth of lanthanum phosphate complexes, and enable intestinal mucoadhesion. The CS/LaP/siEGFR NPs exhibited significant biological activities in human colorectal cancer HT-29 cells by the synergistic effects of siEGFRs and lanthanum ions, such as downregulation of EGFR and upregulation of miR-34a.

A novel pectin from Polygala tenuifolia blocks Aβ aggregation and production by enhancing insulin-degradation enzyme and neprilysin.

More and more evidences show that pectin polysaccharide may have impact on Aβ one important molecule implicated in Alzhemer's disease pathology. We speculate special structural motif of pectin might have better bioactivity on Aβ. To address this hypothesis, we reported structure and impact of a novel pectin RP02-1 with the molecular weight of 116.