Research progress on the molecular mechanism of immune escape of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), caused by the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), is a severe and highly contagious disease that results in significant economic losses for the pig industry. Currently, vaccination is one of the most effective methods for controlling PRRS; however, due to the extensive genetic variation of PRRSV and the generation of homologous immunity, vaccines provide protective effects only against homologous strains and lack effective cross-protection against heterologous strains. Furthermore, PRRSV encodes a variety of proteins with immune escape functions, and the mechanisms underlying these functions are complex and not yet fully understood.

Sappanone A ameliorates acute lung injury through inhibiting the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a serious respiratory disease characterized by diffuse alveolar injury, and it has emerged as a major concern in clinical practice due to limited treatments. This study aimed to explore the pharmacological effects and regulatory mechanism of sappanone A (SA) on ALI. In vivo, mice were administered with SA followed by intratracheal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to establish an animal model of ALI.

Mass spectrometry-based pseudotargeted metabolomics reveals metabolic variations in a2-induced gastric cancer cell.

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most malignant tumors with high morbidity and mortality in the world. Compound , a Jiyuan oridonin derivative, exhibited excellent anti-proliferative activity against GC cells. To investigate the gastric cellular response to therapy as a novel drug candidate, we adopted a pseudotargeted metabolomics method to explore metabolic variation in -induced MGC-803 gastric cells using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry combined with multivariate statistical analysis.

Buyang Huanwu decoction ameliorates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats by attenuating the apoptosis of alveolar type II epithelial cells mediated by endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) can be attributed to qi deficiency and blood stasis. Buyang Huanwu decoction (BHD), a representative Chinese herbal prescription for qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome, is widely used to treat IPF in clinical practice. However, its potential mechanisms against IPF remain unclear.

Efficacy and Safety of Ganduqing Granules in Treating the Common Cold: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Background: There is no clear evidence-based medicine that points to the most effective drug treatments for the common cold. In view of its ability to relieve symptoms and shorten the disease course, as well as its minimal side effects, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been widely used to treat the common cold. However, there is a lack of strong evidence to support the clinical efficacy of TCM.

Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Analysis on Pharmacological Mechanisms of in the Treatment of Gastric Ulcer.

Background: (AM, family: Leguminosae) exerts significant therapeutic effect on gastric ulcer (GU); however, there are scarce studies on its molecular mechanism against GU. This study aims to explore the key ingredients, key targets, and potential mechanisms of AM in the treatment of GU by utilizing network pharmacology and molecular docking.

Methods: Several public databases were used to predict the targets of AM and GU, respectively, and the drug and disease targets were intersected to obtain the common targets.

Saikosaponin D: review on the antitumour effects, toxicity and pharmacokinetics.

Context: , the dried root of DC and Willd (Apiaceae), is an important medicinal herb widely used to treat cancers for hundreds of years in Asian countries. As the most antitumour component but also the main toxic component in , saikosaponin D (SSD) has attracted extensive attention. However, no summary studies have been reported on the antitumour effects, toxicity and pharmacokinetics of this potential natural anticancer substance.

Effect of the Anisotropy Mechanical Properties on LN Crystals Fixed-Abrasive Lapping.

The anisotropy of lithium niobate (LN) single crystals in mechanical properties affects its material removal uniformity during lapping. The nano-indentation hardness () and elastic modulus() of Z-cut wafer and X-cut wafer were measured by a nano-indentation tester. The nano-scratching tests were adopted to evaluate its critical cutting depth () of brittle ductile transition along crucial orientations of Z-cut and X-cut, respectively.

Development of a mass spectrometry-based pseudotargeted metabolomics strategy to analyze hormone-stimulated gastric cancer cells.

Gastric cancer (GC) is the third most common cause of cancer death worldwide, and the incidence of GC is higher in males than females. To investigate the gastric cellular response to hormone therapy, we developed a cell pseudotargeted metabolomics method based on liquid chromatography-hybrid triple quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometry (LC-QTRAP MS). Chromatographic separation, sample analysis and metabolite extraction were optimized in an integrated manner.

Gentiopicroside Ameliorates Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy by Modulating PPAR- Γ/AMPK/ACC Signaling Pathway.

Background/aims: Gentiopicroside is promising as an important secoiridoid compound against pain. The present study aimed to investigate the analgesic effect and the probable mechanism of Gentiopicroside on Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN), and to figure out the association among Gentiopicroside, dyslipidemia and PPAR- γ/AMPK/ACC signaling pathway.

Methods: DPN rat models were established by streptozotocin and RSC96 cells were cultured.

Simultaneous determination of the novel anti-tumor candidate drug MDH-7 and 5-fluorouracil in rat plasma by LC-MS/MS: Application to pharmacokinetic interactions.

MDH-7 (2,3,9-tri-O-acetyl-5,6-dideoxy-1,10-di-[N4'-pentoxycarbonyl-5'-fluoro cytosine]-4-ulose 1,4: 7,10-difuranose-4,8-pyranose) is a novel anti-tumor drug candidate. To study the pharmacokinetic interaction between MDH-7 and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), a sensitive and rapid liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed to simultaneously determine the concentrations of MDH-7 and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in rat plasma. Plasma samples were prepared by simple liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate.

Multiclass analysis of 25 veterinary drugs in milk by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

The aim of this work was to develop a simple and rapid analytical method for the simultaneous determination of a wide range of drug residues in milk by UHPLC-MS/MS. A total of 25 typical veterinary drugs investigated belong to six families including β-lactams, quinolones, β-agonists, phenicols, glucocorticoids and nitrofurans. The samples were extracted by acetonitrile and defatted with n-hexane twice.

Effects of Grain Size and Twin Layer Thickness on Crack Initiation at Twin Boundaries.

A theoretical model to explore the effect on crack initiation of nanotwinned materials was proposed based on the accumulation of dislocations at twin boundaries. First, a critical cracking initiation condition was established considering the number of dislocations pill-up at TBs, grain size and twin layer thickness, and a semi-quantitative relationship between the crystallographic orientation and the stacking fault energy was built. In addition, the number of dislocations pill-up was described by introducing the theory of strain gradient.