Polycomb-group recruitment to a target gene is the default state that is inhibited by a transcriptional activator.

Polycomb-group (PcG) proteins are epigenetic regulators that maintain the transcriptional repression of target genes following their initial repression by transcription factors. PcG target genes are repressed in some cells, but active in others. Therefore, a mechanism must exist by which PcG proteins distinguish between the repressed and active states and only assemble repressive chromatin environments at target genes that are repressed.

Correction: A multi-center randomized prospective study on the treatment of infant bronchiolitis with interferon α1b nebulization.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

A multi-center randomized prospective study on the treatment of infant bronchiolitis with interferon α1b nebulization.

Background: The respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the main cause of bronchiolitis in infants and interferon (IFN) α is a commercial antiviral drug. The nebulization of IFN α1b could be a viable treatment method. In this study, the therapeutic effects and safety of IFN α1b delivery via nebulization in infant bronchiolitis were investigated in this multi-center prospective study.

Involvement of RhoA/ROCK Signaling in Aβ-Induced Chemotaxis, Cytotoxicity and Inflammatory Response of Microglial BV2 Cells.

Reactive microglia clustering around amyloid plaques in brain is a histopathological feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and reflects the contribution of neuroinflammation in AD pathogenesis. β-Amyloid peptide (Aβ) has been shown to induce a range of microglial responses including chemotaxis, cytotoxicity and inflammation, but the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. Considering the fundamental role of RhoA/ROCK signaling in cell migration and its broad implication in AD and neuroinflammation, we hypothesized that RhoA/ROCK signaling might be involved in Aβ-induced microglial responses.

recruitment of Polycomb-group proteins in embryos.

Polycomb-group (PcG)-mediated transcriptional repression of target genes can be delineated into two phases. First, following initial repression of target genes by gene-specific transcription factors, PcG proteins recognize the repressed state and assume control of the genes' repression. Second, once the silenced state is established, PcG proteins may maintain repression through an indefinite number of cell cycles.

Three dimensional chiral plasmon rulers based on silver nanorod trimers.

The symmetry dependences of plasmon excitation modes are studied in 3D silver nanorod trimers. The degenerate plasmon modes split into chiral modes by breaking the inversion and mirror symmetry of the nanorod trimer through translation and/or rotation of the middle rod. With a translation operation, successive evolution of the circular dichroism (CD) spectrum can be achieved through gradual breaking of the inversion symmetry.

Excessively High Hydration Volume May Not Be Associated With Decreased Risk of Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients With Renal Insufficiency.

Background: No well-defined protocols currently exist regarding the optimal rate and duration of normal saline administration to prevent contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) in patients with renal insufficiency.

Methods And Results: Hydration volume ratios (hydration volume/weight; HV/W) were calculated in 1406 patients with renal insufficiency (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR], <90 mL/min per 1.73 m(2)) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with routine speed hydration (1 or 0.

Relationship Between the Urine Flow Rate and Risk of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy After Emergent Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.

A low urine flow rate is a marker of acute kidney injury. However, it is unclear whether a high urine flow rate is associated with a reduced risk of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in high-risk patients. We conducted this study to evaluate the predictive value of the urine flow rate for the risk of CIN following emergent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Safe limits of contrast vary with hydration volume for prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy after coronary angiography among patients with a relatively low risk of contrast-induced nephropathy.

Background: Few studies have investigated the safe limits of contrast to prevent contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) based on hydration data. We aimed to investigate the relative safe maximum contrast volume adjusted for hydration volume in a population with a relatively low risk of CIN.

Methods And Results: The ratios of contrast volume-to-creatinine clearance (V/CrCl) and hydration volume to body weight (HV/W) were determined in patients undergoing cardiac catheterization.

Contrast-induced nephropathy following chronic total occlusion percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Objectives: Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) has not been systematically studied in high-risk patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for chronic total occlusion (CTO).

Methods: We prospectively observed 515 consecutive patients with CKD undergoing PCI. Patients were divided into three groups: patients who underwent attempted PCI for CTO (group A, n = 85), patients who did not receive PCI for CTO (group B, n = 45) and patients without CTO (group C, n = 385).

Preprocedural N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is similar to the Mehran contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) score in predicting CIN following elective coronary angiography.

Background: N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) has been associated with important risk factors for contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). However, few studies have investigated the predictive value of NT-proBNP itself. This study investigated whether levels of preprocedural NT-proBNP could predict CIN after elective coronary angiography as effectively as the Mehran CIN score.

LDL cholesterol as a novel risk factor for contrast-induced acute kidney injury in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.

Background: Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is associated with endothelial dysfunction, inflammation and increased vasoconstriction, which are involved in the development of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI). However, whether LDL-C is an independent risk factor of CI-AKI in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is unknown.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled 3236 consecutive patients undergoing PCI between January 2010 and September 2012.

[The correlation of anemia and contrast-induced nephropathy in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention].

Objective: To investigate the correlation of anemia and contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods: A total of 292 patients with CKD undergoing PCI admitted to Guangdong General Hospital from October 2010 to December 2012 were consecutively enrolled in this study. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin <130 g/L in male and <120 g/L in female.

[The relationship between hyperuricemia and contrast-induced nephropathy in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention].

Objective: To investigate the relationship between hyperuricemia and contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods: A total of 446 consecutive patients with CKD undergoing PCI in Guangdong general hospital were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into hyperuricemic group (n = 205) and normouricemic group (n = 241).

Predictive value of GRACE risk scores for contrast-induced acute kidney injury in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction before undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention.

Objectives: Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is a well-known serious complication of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and may cause increased morbidity and mortality. We aim to identify the predictive value of Global Registry for Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) risk scores for CI-AKI in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) before primary PCI, allowing pre-procedural decisions regarding prevention therapy for CI-AKI.

Methods: We enrolled 251 consecutive patients with STEMI undergoing primary PCI.

[Association between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and contrast-induced nephropathy after primary percutaneous coronary intervention].

Objective: To explore the association between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients with ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) .

Methods: A total of 220 STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI from Guangdong general hospital were recruited. Patients were divided into four groups according to the quartile of hs-CRP (Q1 group:hs-CRP < 6.