Effect of upper costal and costo-diaphragmatic breathing types on electromyographic activity of respiratory muscles.

Aim: To compare electromyographic (EMG) activity in young-adult subjects with different breathing types.

Methodology: This study included 50 healthy male subjects with complete natural dentition, and no history of orofacial pain or craniomandibular-cervical-spinal disorders. Subjects were classified into two groups: upper costal breathing type, and costo-diaphragmatic breathing.