[Progress and prospects in diagnosis and treatment of neurofibromatosis type 1].

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant genetic disease caused by mutations in the gene. The disease is characterized by neurofibromatosis, which simultaneously affects multiple systems such as nerves, skin, and bone, and has complex clinical manifestations. Since the National Institutes of Health (NIH) established diagnostic criteria in 1988, the diagnosis and treatment of NF1 have progressed significantly.

Internal carotid artery injury during endoscopic transsphenoidal pituitary surgery: risk factors, management.

Background: Transsphenoidal surgeons should try to avoid internal carotid artery (ICA) injury but also be prepared to manage it. We analyzed our experience with ICA injury during endoscopic transsphenoidal pituitary surgery and present associated risk factors and a management protocol.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed and analyzed the medical records of 1596 patients who underwent endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary tumor resection in our institution from January 2009 to October 2022.

Management principles of cranial base tumor with aneurysm.

Skull base tumors are challenging to treat because of their deep location, complex anatomy, and close proximity to important blood vessels and nerves. Furthermore, some patients with cranial tumors are found to have aneurysms, but there is no consensus on how to evaluate the impact of aneurysms on surgery and how to handle the lesions safely and effectively. We retrospectively reviewed our database to identify all patients with a skull base tumor treated in the Department of Neurosurgery of Beijing Tiantan Hospital affiliated with Capital Medical University from 2019 to 2021.

Phase II trial of icotinib in adult patients with neurofibromatosis type 2 and progressive vestibular schwannoma.

Objective: Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) is a rare autosomal dominant syndrome associated primarily with bilateral vestibular schwannomas (VSs). Conventional surgical or radiosurgical treatments for VS in NF2 usually result in high risks of hearing loss and facial nerve impairment, while there is no validated medical option to date. This single-institution phase II study evaluated the efficacy and safety of icotinib, an oral epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in patients with NF2 and progressive VS.

Qu-Du-San-Jie decoction induces growth inhibition and vascular normalization in NF2-associated vestibular schwannoma.

Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) is a rare genetic syndrome that predisposes individuals to develop bilateral vestibular schwannomas (VSs) causing a high risk of life-threatening neurological complications. Traditional treatment options for NF2-associated VS usually cause neurological damage, and to date, there are no FDA-approved pharmacotherapies for NF2. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antitumor efficacy of Qu-Du-San-Jie (QDSJ) decoction, a traditional Chinese medicine formula, on NF2-associated VS and to investigate the potential underlying mechanisms.

Establishment of nomograms for the prediction of useful hearing loss in patients with neurofibromatosis type 2.

Introduction: Treatment for vestibular schwannoma (VS) in patients with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) is extremely challenging due to the high risk of hearing loss. The aim of this study was to develop nomograms for the prediction of useful hearing loss in patients with NF2.

Methods: The nomogram was based on a retrospective study of 111 NF2 patients who underwent resection of large VS (> 2 cm) at Beijing Tiantan Hospital between 2011 and 2018.

Survival and Prognostic Factors of Adult Intracranial Ependymoma: A Single-institutional Analysis of 236 Patients.

Adult intracranial ependymomas (EPNs) are extremely rare brain tumors. Currently, clinical and molecular factors that could inform individualized treatment strategies are still lacking for EPNs in this age group. The aim of this study was to investigate potential prognostic indicators and rational therapeutic management in a large cohort of adult intracranial EPNs.

Surgical outcomes and prognostic factors of parasagittal meningioma: a single-center experience 165 consecutive cases.

Purpose: This study aimed to estimate the prognostic factors, long-term outcomes, and surgical strategies for parasagittal meningioma (PSM) and provide a better understanding of surgical experience.

Materials And Methods: Patients ( = 1438) who underwent surgery for meningioma between January 2012 and January 2013 were enrolled in a database. We then identified 165 patients with PSM based on this database.

Evolution of transmaxillary approach to tumors in pterygopalatine fossa and infratemporal fossa: anatomic simulation and clinical practice.

Background: The endoscopic transnasal approach has been proven to have advantages on the removal of the tumors in pterygopalatine fossa (PPF) and infratemporal fossa (ITF). Herein, this study aimed to describe a modified approach for resection of the tumors in these areas, both in cadaveric specimen and clinical patients.

Methods: The 20 adult cadaveric specimens and five patients with tumors in PPF and ITF were enrolled in this study.

Association of Craniovertebral Junction Anomalies, Klippel-Feil Syndrome, Ruptured Dermoid Cyst and Mirror Movement in One Patient: A Unique Case and Literature Review.

The Klippel-Feil syndrome (KFS) has been reported to be associated with intracranial neoplasms, most frequently epidermoid or dermoid cysts. To our knowledge, however, patients who present with a posterior fossa dermoid cyst (DC) and KFS are extremely rare with only 24 previously reported cases in the English literature worldwide. Therefore, we present the first report of a patient with a craniocervical ruptured DC accompanied by craniovertebral junction (CVJ) anomalies, KFS and mirror movement.

Auditory Rehabilitation in Rhesus Macaque Monkeys (Macaca mulatta) with Auditory Brainstem Implants.

Background: The auditory brainstem implants (ABIs) have been used to treat deafness for patients with neurofibromatosis Type 2 and nontumor patients. The lack of an appropriate animal model has limited the study of improving hearing rehabilitation by the device. This study aimed to establish an animal model of ABI in adult rhesus macaque monkey (Macaca mulatta).

Changes in the Vision-related Resting-state Network in Pituitary Adenoma Patients After Vision Improvement.

Background: The aim of this research was to investigate the changes in the vision-related resting-state network (V-RSN) in pituitary adenoma (PA) patients after vision improvement, which was induced by operative treatment.

Methods: Ten PA patients with an improved visual acuity or/and visual field after transsphenoidal pituitary tumor resection were recruited and underwent a complete neuro-ophthalmologic evaluation, as well as an magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol, including structural and resting-state functional MRI sequences before and after the operation. The regional homogeneity (ReHo) of the V-RSN was evaluated.

Effect of basic fibroblast growth factor and transforming growth factor β1 on the healing of reconstructed dura by carbon dioxide laser soldering in minipigs.

Background: Carbon dioxide (CO2) laser soldering is an alternative technique for tissue bonding. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and transforming growth factor β(1) (TGFβ(1)) are two key factors for wound healing. This study was performed to demonstrate the efficacy of CO2 laser soldering for dural reconstruction and the effect of bFGF and TGFβ(1) on healing.

Prevention of postoperative intracranial infection in patients with cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea.

Background: Intracranial infection is a common postoperative complication of neurosurgery. This study aimed to identify risk factors of postoperative intracranial infection in patients with cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea and to suggest proposals for the prevention.

Methods: A total of 167 patients (113 males and 54 males, average age of 34.

[Surgical treatment to facial nerve paralysis of different pathogeny].

Objective: To evaluate the surgical treatment to facial nerve paralysis of different pathogeny.

Method: Thirty-seven patients were reviewed, including Bell's Palsy (5 patients), temporal bone fracture (20 patients), media otitis (cholesteatoma) (4 patients), facial neuroma and cranio-maxillo-facial operation trauma (8 patients). All the patients were treated by different surgical methods according different pathogeny.

Anterior and middle skull base reconstruction after tumor resection.

Background: Surgical management of skull base tumors is still challenging today due to its sophisticated operation procedure. Surgeons who specialize in skull base surgery are making endeavor to promote the outcome of patients with skull base tumor. A reliable skull base reconstruction after tumor resection is of paramount importance in avoiding life-threatening complications, such as cerebrospinal fluid leakage and intracranial infection.

[Endoscopic endonasal surgery for meningoencephalocele].

Objective: To investigate the management experience with transnasal endoscopic technique for meningoencephalocele.

Methods: Nine patients with endonasal encephalomeningocele were managed by transnasal endoscopic surgery, and the skull base defect was repaired by fascia.

Results: Eight cases were successfully managed at the time of the first operation, and no relapse case was found during 1 to 4 years follow-up.

[Clinical application of minimally invasive neuroendoscopic techniques].

Objective: To summarize and analyze the application of neuroendoscopic techniques in neurosurgery, and to discuss the role and significance of neuroendoscopic techniques in the diagnosis and treatment of neurosurgical diseases.

Methods: We treated 1300 patients with different neurosurgical diseases by performing endoscopic neurosurgery (EN) and endoscopy-assisted microneurosurgery (EAM). Among 1300 paitents, 522 were treated with pure endoscopic neurosurgery, 260 with endoscopy-assisted microneurosurgery, 79 with endoscope-controlled bur hole trephination neurosurgery, 434 with endoscope transsphenoidial surgery, and 5 with other techniques through which an endoscope was used in conjunction with stereotactic guidance.