Enhanced coagulation of Microcystis aeruginosa using titanium xerogel coagulant.

Cyanobacterial blooms are prevalent globally and present a significant threat to water security. Titanium salt coagulants have garnered considerable attention due to their superior coagulation properties and the absence of metal residue risks. This paper explored the influencing factors in the coagulation process of titanium xerogel coagulant (TXC), the alterations in cell activity during floc storage, and the release of cyanobacterial organic matters, thereby determining the application scope of TXC for cyanobacterial water treatment.

Revealing the key role of the folate synthesis regulatory gene DHNA in tobacco leaf yellowing based on BSA-seq, RNA-seq, and proteomic sequencing.

Background: The degree of yellowing in tobacco leaves is an important indicator for determining the maturity and harvesting time of tobacco leaves. Decreasing chlorophyll levels helps speed up the ripening process of tobacco leaves for easier mechanical harvesting. Identifying and utilizing genes that regulate yellowing in tobacco leaves are crucial for developing tobacco varieties suitable for mechanized harvesting and understanding the molecular processes that control leaf color changes.

Construction and evaluation of a model for efficient identification of photothermal sensitivity of tobacco cultivars based on agronomic traits.

The photothermal sensitivity of tobacco refers to the degree to which tobacco responds to changes in light and temperature conditions in its growth environment, which is crucial for determining the planting area of cultivars and improving tobacco yield and quality. In order to accurately and effectively evaluate the photothermal sensitivity of tobacco cultivars, this study selected five cultivars and their hybrid combinations with significant differences planted under different ecological conditions from 2021 to 2022 as materials. The experiment was conducted in two locations with significant differences in temperature and light.

A Deep Learning Model to Predict Breast Implant Texture Types Using Ultrasonography Images: Feasibility Development Study.

Background: Breast implants, including textured variants, have been widely used in aesthetic and reconstructive mammoplasty. However, the textured type, which is one of the shell texture types of breast implants, has been identified as a possible etiologic factor for lymphoma, specifically breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL). Identifying the shell texture type of the implant is critical to diagnosing BIA-ALCL.

Geogenic fluorine-contaminated groundwater increases fluorosis risk in communities of northern cold regions: Genesis mechanism and exposure pathways.

Geogenic fluorine-contaminated groundwater (F >1 mg/L) prevails in cold Mollisol regions of the world. Seasonal variation of F concentration in groundwater likely renders multiple pathways of toxic-level F exposure, posing unrecognized health risk to many economically challenged communities. Herein, different types of samples within the groundwater-soil-crop-human hair network were collected from the Mollisol regions of northeastern China and assessed by joint approach of medical geochemical assay, hydrogeochemical modeling, and health risk indexation.

Arsenic redox disequilibrium in geogenic contaminated groundwater: Bioenergetic insights from organic molecular characterization and gene-informed modeling.

Biotransformation of arsenic (As) influences its speciation and mobility, obscuring mechanistic comprehension on spatiotemporal variation of As concentration in geogenic contaminated groundwater. In particular, unresolved processes underlying As redox disequilibrium in comparison to major redox couples discourage practical efforts to rehabilitate the As-contaminated groundwater. Here, quantitative metagenomic sequencing and ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) were jointly applied to reveal the links between vertical distribution of As metabolic gene assemblages and that of free energy density of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in As-contaminated groundwater of Datong Basin.

Mechanism of adsorption and targeted degradation of antimicrobial micropollutant sulfamethoxazole in aquatic environments.

FHWSB as an integrated absorptive catalyst, based on Walnut shell biochar (WSB) via hydrochloric acid modification and ferrous chloride impregnation, was prepared, reacted with HO to generate active free radicals •OH and •O, which oxidized and degraded about 80% of micro-pollutant sulfamethoxazole (SMX) from water, effectively resolving micro-pollutants' removal being inefficient because of high toxicity, persistence, and bioaccumulation in existed methods. It was clarified the specific degradation pathways and mechanisms of SMX by FHWSB synergistic HO via characterization and analysis assisted DFT calculations. Furthermore, it was found that the toxicity of a series of intermediates produced by SMX degraded continued to decline, consistent with its direction of degradation via toxicological analysis.

Impact of long-term irrigation practices on distribution and speciation of arsenic in agricultural soil.

To better understand the impact of long-term irrigation practices on arsenic (As) accumulation in agricultural soils, 100 soil samples from depths of 0-20 cm were collected from the Datong basin, where the As-contaminated groundwater has been used for irrigation for several decades. Soil samples were analyzed for major elements, trace elements, and As, Fe speciation. Results reveal As content ranging from 4.

Characteristics and aging of microplastics in waste activated sludge under persulfate and hydrothermal co-treatment: Impact of solid content and temperature.

Activated persulfate and hydrothermal treatment (HTT) are often employed to treat waste activated sludge, which can improve the efficiency of subsequent sludge treatment and change the distribution of pollutants in the sludge. However, the impact of sludge solid content and temperature on the occurrence and aging of microplastics (MPs) during HTT remains poorly understood. This study investigated the effects of persulfate-HTT (SPS-HTT) co-treatment on the migration, occurrence, and aging of MPs in sludge with different solid contents (2% and 5% solid content).

Metagenomic and FT-ICR MS insights into the mechanism for the arsenic biogeochemical cycling in groundwater.

Arsenic (As) is a groundwater contaminant of global concern. The degradation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) can provide a reducing environment for As release. However, the interaction of DOM with local microbial communities and how different sources and types of DOM influence the biotransformation of As in aquifers is uncertain.

Transcriptome analysis reveals the key role of overdominant expression of photosynthetic and respiration-related genes in the formation of tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum L.) biomass heterosis.

Background: Leaves are the nutritional and economic organs of tobacco, and their biomass directly affects tobacco yield and the economic benefits of farmers. In the early stage, our research found that tobacco hybrids have more leaves and larger leaf areas, but the performance and formation reasons of biomass heterosis are not yet clear.

Results: This study selected 5 parents with significant differences in tobacco biomass and paired them with hybrid varieties.

Mollisol Erosion-Driven Efflux of Energetic Organic Carbon and Microflora Increases Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Cold-Region Rivers.

Massive soil erosion occurs in the world's Mollisol regions due to land use change and climate warming. The migration of Mollisol organic matter to river systems and subsequent changes in carbon biogeochemical flow and greenhouse gas fluxes are of global importance but little understood. By employing comparative mesocosm experiments simulating varying erosion intensity in Mollisol regions of northeastern China, this research highlights that erosion-driven export and biomineralization of terrestrial organic matter facilitates CO and CH emission from receiving rivers.

Enrichment of Geogenic Organoiodine Compounds in Alluvial-Lacustrine Aquifers: Molecular Constraints by Organic Matter.

Organoiodine compounds (OICs) are the dominant iodine species in groundwater systems. However, molecular mechanisms underlying the geochemical formation of geogenic OICs-contaminated groundwater remain unclear. Based upon multitarget field monitoring in combination with ultrahigh-resolution molecular characterization of organic components for alluvial-lacustrine aquifers, we identified a total of 939 OICs in groundwater under reducing and circumneutral pH conditions.

Coagulation as an effective method for cyanobacterial bloom control: A review.

Eutrophication, the over-enrichment with nutrients, for example, nitrogen and phosphorus, of ponds, reservoirs and lakes, is an urgent water quality issue. The most notorious symptom of eutrophication is a massive proliferation of cyanobacteria, which cause aquatic organism death, impair ecosystem and harm human health. The method considered to be most effective to counteract eutrophication is to reduce external nutrient inputs.

Unravelling the impacts of soluble Mn(III)-NOM on arsenic immobilization by ferrihydrite or goethite under aquifer conditions.

The environmental fate of arsenic (As) relies substantially on its speciation, which occurs frequently coupled to the redox transformation of manganese. While trivalent manganese (Mn(III)), which is known for its high reactivity, is believed to play a role in As mobilization by iron (oxyhydr)oxides in dynamic aquifers, the exact roles and underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. Using increasingly complex batch experiments that mimick As-affected aquifer conditions in combination with time-resolved characterization, we demonstrate that Mn(III)-NOM complexes play a crucial role in the manganese-mediated immobilization of As(III) by ferrihydrite and goethite.

Arsenic biogeochemical cycling association with basin-scale dynamics of microbial functionality and organic matter molecular composition.

Geogenic arsenic (As)-contaminated groundwater is a sustaining global health concern that is tightly constrained by multiple interrelated biogeochemical processes. However, a complete spectrum of the biogeochemical network of high-As groundwater remains to be established, concurrently neglecting systematic zonation of groundwater biogeochemistry on the regional scale. We uncovered the geomicrobial interaction network governing As biogeochemical pathways by merging in-field hydrogeochemical monitoring, metagenomic analyses, and ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) characterization of dissolved organic matter.

Negative regulation of tobacco cold stress tolerance by NtPhyA.

Cold stress is a non-biological stressor that adversely affects tobacco yield and leaf quality. Plant photoreceptor proteins, which function as dual light-temperature sensors, play a vital role in temperature changes, making them crucial for responses to non-biological stressors. However, the regulatory mechanisms of PhyA in tobacco remain poorly understood.

Genome-wide identification and characterization of Glutathione S-Transferases (GSTs) and their expression profile under abiotic stresses in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.).

Background: Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are large and multifunctional proteases that play an important role in detoxification, protection against biotic and abiotic stresses, and secondary metabolite transportation which is essential for plant growth and development. However, there is limited research on the identification and function of NtGSTs.

Results: This study uses K326 and other six tobacco varieties (Hongda, HG, GDH11, Va116, VG, and GDH88) as materials to conduct comprehensive genome-wide identification and functional characterization of the GST gene in tobacco.

Surfactant-assisted air flotation: A novel approach for the removal of microplastics from municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash.

The potential for the presence of microplastics (MPs) in municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash (MSWI-BA) has not been fully explored. In this study, surfactant-assisted air flotation separation in aqueous media was used to examine the removal of MPs and other pollutants from different particle size fractions of MSWI-BA. The use of 1 mmol L sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS), at a liquid-solid ratio of 60:1, increased by 66 % the quantity of MPs floated from the MSWI-BA 0-0.