Edible river fish-derived extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacterales harboring transferable plasmids encoding , , and .

Transmission of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes has increased the global prevalence of ESBL-producing bacteria, especially in developing countries. Human infection with these bacteria may be food-mediated but has not been fully elucidated. Therefore, we aimed to examine ESBL-producing bacteria in edible river fish and elucidate their potential for horizontal gene transfer.

ESBL-producing harboring a plasmid encoding IS up and down stream of ,, and isolated from an edible river fish.

Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing was isolated from an edible river fish, , which was sold in a market located in Vietnam. The genome sequence was obtained by using next-generation sequencing, which involved Oxford Nanopore and Illumina technologies. The 92 kb plasmid encodes the gene .

IncA/C plasmid encoding in non-O1 isolates from the edible river fish sp.

Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing non-O1 was isolated from edible sp. in Vietnam. The genome sequence was sequenced using DNBSEQ-G400 and MinION Mk1b.

IncHI2 Plasmid Encoding and in Salmonella enterica SE20-C72-2 and Escherichia coli EC20-C72-1 Isolates from the Edible River Fish Anabas testudineus.

Salmonella enterica SE20-C72-2 and Escherichia coli EC20-C72-1 were isolated from the edible fish Anabas testudineus in Vietnam. The chromosomes and plasmids from both strains were sequenced using Oxford Nanopore and Illumina sequencing. Plasmids approximately 250 kbp long, encoding and , were detected in both strains.

Carbapenem-Resistant Citrobacter freundii and Escherichia coli Harboring a Common IncC-Type Plasmid Encoding IS Upstream of , , and Isolated from Edible Fish.

Carbapenem-resistant Citrobacter freundii CF20-4P-1 and Escherichia coli EC20-4B-2 were isolated from edible in Vietnam. We present the draft genome sequences, and the complete plasmid genome sequencing was also performed by hybrid assembly sequencing of Oxford Nanopore and Illumina. The 137-kbp plasmid encoding the assembled was detected in both strains.

Frequent contamination of edible freshwater fish with colistin-resistant Escherichia coli harbouring the plasmid-mediated mcr-1 gene.

The threat of antimicrobial resistance is increasing. Microbial food contamination poses a serious public health risk; however, there are only a few studies on the prevalence of colistin-resistant Escherichia coli (COL-E) contamination in freshwater fish. This study aimed to characterise the antibiotic resistance genes and antibiotic susceptibility profiles of COL-E in freshwater fish in Vietnam.

Roles, mechanism of action, and potential applications of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria for environmental bioremediation.

Sulfur (S) is a crucial component in the environment and living organisms. This work is the first attempt to provide an overview and critical discussion on the roles, mechanisms, and environmental applications of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB). The findings reveal that key enzymes of SOB embarked on oxidation of sulfide, sulfite, thiosulfate, and elemental S.

An Umbrella Review of the Literature on Perinatal Domestic Violence: Prevalence, Risk Factors, Possible Outcomes and Interventions.

Perinatal domestic violence (P-DV) is a common form of violence experienced by women and is associated with adverse impacts on their own physical and mental health and that of their offspring. Illuminating the risk factors for, potential effects of, and promising interventions to reduce P-DV is essential for informing policies to tackle P-DV and mitigate its negative impacts. This umbrella review of recent high-quality systematic reviews and meta-analyses of worldwide research on P-DV provides a systematic synthesis of current knowledge relating to the prevalence, risk factors for, possible outcomes of and interventions to reduce and prevent P-DV.

The impact of acute surgical unit rostering on National Emergency Access Targets during the COVID-19 pandemic: a single hospital experience.

Background: Surgical departments have been dramatically impacted by the novel coronavirus 19 (COVID-19) pandemic, with the cancellation of elective cases and changes to the provision of emergency surgical care. The aim of this study was to determine whether structural changes made within our facility's surgical department during COVID-19 altered National Emergency Access Target (NEAT) times and impacted on patient outcomes.

Methods: Emergency surgical cases over a 4-month time period were retrospectively collected and statistically analysed, divided into pre- and mid-COVID-19 pandemic.

Abundance of colistin-resistant Escherichia coli harbouring mcr-1 and extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing E. coli co-harbouring bla or with bla isolates from chicken meat in Vietnam.

Although the spread of plasmid-mediated antibiotic-resistant bacteria is a public health concern, food contamination with plasmid-mediated antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli in Vietnam has not been well investigated. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of colistin-resistant, carbapenem-resistant, and endemic bla in extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing E. coli isolates.

Embedding knowledge on ontology into the corpus by topic to improve the performance of deep learning methods in sentiment analysis.

Sentiment classification, which uses deep learning algorithms, has achieved good results when tested with popular datasets. However, it will be challenging to build a corpus on new topics to train machine learning algorithms in sentiment classification with high confidence. This study proposes a method that processes embedding knowledge in the ontology of opinion datasets called knowledge processing and representation based on ontology (KPRO) to represent the significant features of the dataset into the word embedding layer of deep learning algorithms in sentiment classification.

Safety, Efficacy of an Accelerated Regimen of Low-Dose Recombinant Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator for Reperfusion Therapy of Acute Pulmonary Embolism.

Controversy persists regarding the safety and efficacy of an accelerated low-dose recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) regimen for reperfusion therapy in acute pulmonary embolism. This study describes the outcomes of an accelerated low-dose rt-PA regimen for the treatment of acute pulmonary embolism in Vietnamese patients. This was a case series from October 2014 to October 2020 from 9 hospitals across Vietnam.

Depression and its associated factors among pregnant women in central Vietnam.

To date, little attention has been given to prenatal depression, especially in low and middle-income countries. The aim of this research was to assess the prevalence of depression and its associated factors amongst pregnant women in a central Vietnamese city. This cross-sectional study included 150 pregnant women from 29 to 40 weeks of gestation, from eight wards of Hue city, via quota sampling from February to May 2019.

Global Mortality From Firearms, 1990-2016.

Importance: Understanding global variation in firearm mortality rates could guide prevention policies and interventions.

Objective: To estimate mortality due to firearm injury deaths from 1990 to 2016 in 195 countries and territories.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This study used deidentified aggregated data including 13 812 location-years of vital registration data to generate estimates of levels and rates of death by age-sex-year-location.

Results of early warning indicators for HIV/AIDS in 42 outpatient clinics in 25 northern provinces of Vietnam.

The emergence of HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) is an unavoidable consequence of antiretroviral therapy (ART), and HIVDR early warning indicators (EWIs) could specifically assess factors at individual clinics associated with HIVDR. Thus, the present study aimed to collect data on EWIs for HIV/AIDS at 42 outpatient clinics (OPCs) in 25 northern provinces and cities of Vietnam in 2012. A retrospective cohort study was conducted.

Analysis of knockout mutants reveals non-redundant functions of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase isoforms in Arabidopsis.

The enzyme poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP) has a dual function being involved both in the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation and being a constituent of the NAD(+) salvage pathway. To date most studies, both in plant and non-plant systems, have focused on the signaling role of PARP in poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation rather than any role that can be ascribed to its metabolic function. In order to address this question we here used a combination of expression, transcript and protein localization studies of all three PARP isoforms of Arabidopsis alongside physiological analysis of the corresponding mutants.

Changes in free polyamine levels, expression of polyamine biosynthesis genes, and performance of rice cultivars under salt stress: a comparison with responses to drought.

Soil salinity affects a large proportion of rural area and limits agricultural productivity. To investigate differential adaptation to soil salinity, we studied salt tolerance of 18 varieties of Oryza sativa using a hydroponic culture system. Based on visual inspection and photosynthetic parameters, cultivars were classified according to their tolerance level.

Identification of drought tolerance markers in a diverse population of rice cultivars by expression and metabolite profiling.

Rice provides about half of the calories consumed in Asian countries, but its productivity is often reduced by drought, especially when grown under rain-fed conditions. Cultivars with increased drought tolerance have been bred over centuries. Slow selection for drought tolerance on the basis of phenotypic traits may be accelerated by using molecular markers identified through expression and metabolic profiling.

Chloroplast-localized 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase is critical for maize endosperm starch accumulation.

Plants have duplicate versions of the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (oxPPP) enzymes with a subset localized to the chloroplast. The chloroplast oxPPP provides NADPH and pentose sugars for multiple metabolic pathways. This study identified two loss-of-function alleles of the Zea mays (maize) chloroplast-localized oxPPP enzyme 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGDH).

A diminution in ascorbate oxidase activity affects carbon allocation and improves yield in tomato under water deficit.

The regulation of carbon allocation between photosynthetic source leaves and sink tissues in response to stress is an important factor controlling plant yield. Ascorbate oxidase is an apoplastic enzyme, which controls the redox state of the apoplastic ascorbate pool. RNA interference was used to decrease ascorbate oxidase activity in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.

Profiling primary metabolites of tomato fruit with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.

Metabolite profiling is a rapidly expanding technology which aims to quantify the entire metabolome of biological samples. Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) is one of the most widely used analytical tools for profiling highly complex mixtures of primary metabolites, such as organic and amino acids, sugars, sugars alcohols, phosphorylated intermediates, and lipophilic compounds. This chapter summarizes all of the preparatory steps for metabolite profiling of polar compounds by GC-MS in tomato fruit, from the sampling of plant material to the derivatization procedures required to render the metabolites volatile.

Catabolism of branched chain amino acids supports respiration but not volatile synthesis in tomato fruits.

The branched-chain amino acid transaminases (BCATs) have a crucial role in metabolism of the branched-chain amino acids leucine, isoleucine, and valine. These enzymes catalyze the last step of synthesis and the initial step of degradation of these amino acids. Although the biosynthetic pathways of branched chain amino acids in plants have been extensively investigated and a number of genes have been characterized, their catabolism in plants is not yet completely understood.