Association of dietary patterns derived by reduced-rank regression with colorectal cancer risk and mortality.

Purpose: Unhealthy dietary patterns contribute to an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Limited prior research has used reduced rank regression (RRR) to assess dietary patterns relative to CRC risk. This study aimed to identify dietary patterns derived by RRR and assess their associations with CRC risk and mortality.

Effect of multiple quantum well periods on structural properties and performance of extended short-wavelength infrared LEDs.

We present research on the role of multiple quantum well periods in extended short-wavelength infrared InGaAs/InAsPSb type-I LEDs. The fabricated LEDs consisted of 6, 15, and 30 quantum well periods, and we evaluated the structural properties and device performance through a combination of theoretical simulations and experimental characterization. The strain and energy band offset was precisely controlled by carefully adjusting the composition of the InAsPSb quaternary material, achieving high valence and conduction band offsets of 350 meV and 94 meV, respectively.

Outbreak of Sexually Transmitted Nongroupable Neisseria meningitidis-Associated Urethritis, Vietnam.

We report on an outbreak of nongroupable Neisseria meningitidis-associated urethritis, primarily among men who have sex with men in southern Vietnam. Nearly 50% of N. meningitidis isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin.

Beyond traditional wind farm noise characterisation using transfer learning.

This study proposes an approach for the characterisation and assessment of wind farm noise (WFN), which is based on extraction of acoustic features between 125 and 7500 Hz from a pretrained deep learning model (referred to as deep acoustic features). Using data measured at a variety of locations, this study shows that deep acoustic features can be linked to meaningful characteristics of the noise. This study finds that deep acoustic features can reveal an improved spatial and temporal representation of WFN compared to what is revealed using traditional spectral analysis and overall noise descriptors.

Anal human papillomavirus prevalence and risk factors among men who have sex with men in Vietnam.

Objectives: Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at risk of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related cancers, while published data are scarce. This study determined HPV prevalence and risk factors in MSM in Vietnam to inform HPV prevention strategies in this key population.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of 799 MSM aged 16-50 years was conducted in Vietnam in 2017-2018.

Increases in both HIV and syphilis among men who have sex with men in Vietnam: Urgent need for comprehensive responses.

The objective of this study was to determine the temporal trends and factors associated with HIV and syphilis infection among men who have sex with men (MSM) in southern Vietnam. Data from the 2014-2018 national HIV sentinel surveillance of MSM aged 16 years or older were collected from three provinces, including An Giang ( = 761), Can Tho ( = 900), and Ho Chi Minh City ( = 1426), and examined for changes in prevalence rates of HIV and syphilis and risk behaviors over time. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to assess the trends and correlates of HIV and syphilis infections among MSM.

Bi-directional relationships between co-morbid insomnia and sleep apnea (COMISA).

Insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) commonly co-occur. Approximately 30-50% of patients with OSA report clinically significant insomnia symptoms, and 30-40% of patients with chronic insomnia fulfil diagnostic criteria for OSA. Compared to either insomnia or OSA alone, co-morbid insomnia and sleep apnea (COMISA) is associated with greater morbidity for patients, complex diagnostic decisions for clinicians, and reduced response to otherwise effective treatment approaches.

Prevalence, Serovar, and Antimicrobial Resistance of Nontyphoidal in Vegetable, Fruit, and Water Samples in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

In this study, we investigated the prevalence, serovar distribution, and antimicrobial resistance pattern of isolates from vegetable, fruit, and water samples in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. was detected in 75% (30/40), 57.1% (12/21), 17.

Estimated Number of People who Inject Drugs in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam: Findings from a Two-survey Capture-Recapture Population Size Estimation Exercise.

Background: HIV/AIDS program managers in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), Vietnam have always relied on the police reports and the UNAIDS Estimation and Projection Package for population size estimation of People Who Inject Drugs (PWID).

Methods: We used Respondent-driven Sampling (RDS) to implement a two-source capture-recapture study to estimate the population size of PWID in HCMC in 2017. The study was implemented in seven out of 24 districts and included men and women ages 18 years and older who reported injecting illicit drugs in the last 90 days, and who had lived in the city for the past six months.

Insights into the Electrochemical Polymerization of [Mo S ] Generating Amorphous Molybdenum Sulfide.

Amorphous molybdenum sulfide is an attractive electrode material for Li/Mg batteries and an efficient Pt-free catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction in water. By using the electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) analysis, new insights were gained into the electrochemical polymerization of the [Mo S ] cluster, which generates amorphous molybdenum sulfide thin films. In this work, it is shown that, at the anodic potential, a two-electron oxidative elimination of the terminal disulfide ligand within the [Mo S ] cluster induces the polymerization.

A new hopane derivative from the lichen .

Chemical investigation of the lichen led to isolate nine compounds including a new hopane derivative, 1-acetoxy-21-hopane-3,22-diol () together with six phenolic compounds naming divaricatinic acid (), methyl divaricatinate (), methyl--orcinolcarboxylate (), methyl haematommate (), divarinol (), ramalinic acid A (), and two xanthones namely lichenxanthone (), 4,5-dichlorolichenxanthone (). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data in combination with published literature. Except compound , all compounds were isolated from this species for the first time.

Evaluation of Proliferation and Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Porous Scaffolds.

Introduction: Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs) are multiple potential stem cells that can differentiate into various kinds of functional cells, including adipocytes, osteoblasts, and chondroblasts. Thus, UCMSCs have recently been used in both stem cell therapy and tissue engineering applications to produce various functional tissues. This study aimed to evaluate the proliferation and differentiation of UCMSCs on porous scaffolds.

The presence of colistin resistance gene mcr-1 and -3 in ESBL producing Escherichia coli isolated from food in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

Colistin is indicated for the treatment of multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacterial infections. However, the spread of colistin-resistant bacteria harbouring an mcr gene has become a serious concern. This study investigated local foods in Vietnam for contamination with colistin-resistant bacteria.

Novel Amorphous Molybdenum Selenide as an Efficient Catalyst for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction.

Amorphous molybdenum selenide nanopowder, obtained by refluxing Mo(CO) and Se precursors in dichlorobenzene, shows several structural and electrochemical similarities to the amorphous molybdenum sulfide analogue. The molybdenum selenide displays attractive catalytic properties for the hydrogen evolution reaction in water over a wide range of pH. In a pH 0 solution, it operates with a small onset overpotential of 125 mV and requires an overpotential of 270 mV for generating a catalytic current of 10 mA/cm.

Detection of antibiotics in chicken eggs obtained from supermarkets in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

The residual levels of antibiotics in Vietnamese eggs were monitored from 2014 to 2015. A total of 111 egg packages, distributed by 11 different companies, were collected from supermarkets in Ho Chi Minh City and the levels of 28 antibiotics were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) screening method. Sixteen samples tested positive for antibiotics; a total of eight compounds (enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, sulfadimethoxine, sulfamethazine, sulfamonomethoxine, tilmicosin and trimethoprim) were detected.

Prevalence, antibiotic resistance, and extended-spectrum and AmpC β-lactamase productivity of Salmonella isolates from raw meat and seafood samples in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

Salmonellosis is a type of foodborne disease caused by Salmonella enterica and is a frequent cause of childhood diarrhea in Vietnam. Of particular concern is the dissemination of multidrug-resistant Salmonella, as extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-positive isolates were recently detected in children in Vietnam. In the present study, the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Salmonella isolates obtained from 409 raw meat and seafood samples collected between October 2012 and March 2015 from slaughterhouses, wholesale fish market, and retail markets in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam were examined.

Sociodemographic Factors, Sexual Behaviors, and Alcohol and Recreational Drug Use Associated with HIV Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Southern Vietnam.

A total of 2768 MSM participated in a survey in southern Vietnam. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine predictors of HIV infection. The prevalence of HIV among MSM was 2.

Antibiotic residue monitoring results for pork, chicken, and beef samples in Vietnam in 2012-2013.

A monitoring plan of residual antibiotics in food of animal origin was conducted in Vietnam from 2012 to 2013. Meat samples were collected from slaughterhouses and retail stores in Ho Chi Minh City and Nha Trang. A total of 28 antibiotics were analyzed using a LC-MS/MS screening method.

HIV infection, risk factors, and preventive services utilization among female sex workers in the Mekong Delta Region of Vietnam.

Background: Risk behaviors among female sex workers (FSW) are considerable drivers of HIV infections in Vietnam, especially transmission between high-risk and low-risk groups. We assessed HIV prevalence and its correlates among FSWs, and the use of preventive services among this community in the Mekong Delta region, southern Vietnam.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 1,999 FSWs was carried out in five provinces including Ben Tre, Hau Giang, Kien Giang, Tien Giang, and Vinh Long between June, 2006 and June, 2007.

Analysis of factors influencing Dysphagia severity following treatment of head and neck cancer.

The aim was to assess the influence of treatment, tumor stages and sites on the severity of dysphagia following treatment. Sequential modified barium swallow (MBS) examinations were performed in patients who complained of chronic dysphagia following treatment of their head and neck cancer. Patients were selected if they were cancer free at their last MBS and had 2 or more MBS studies.

Risk of aspiration following radiation for non-nasopharyngeal head and neck cancer.

Objective: We assessed the rate of aspiration following radiation for non-nasopharyngeal head and neck cancer.

Design: Retrospective study.

Setting: Veterans Administration Hospital.

Effectiveness of the cough reflex in patients with aspiration following radiation for head and neck cancer.

The effectiveness of the cough reflex in patients who aspirated following radiation for head and neck cancer was evaluated in 89 patients (49 chemoradiation, 33 postoperative radiation, and 7 radiation alone). All patients had modified barium swallow because of dysphagia. The cough reflex was graded as present and effective, ineffective, intermittently effective, or absent.