Treatment-Seeking Behaviors and Knowledge, Attitude and Practices among Suspected Dengue Adult Patients at the Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Bangkok, Thailand.

Dengue infection is a major public health problem in Thailand with an increasing incidence in the adult population. Patients’ knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) with regarding dengue infection have direct influences on treatment-seeking behaviors and clinical outcomes. We conducted a cross-sectional study to assess the KAP and treatment-seeking behaviors of suspected dengue adult patients attending the Hospital for Tropical Diseases (HTD) in Bangkok, from March 2014 to February 2015.

Safety and immunogenicity of an inactivated recombinant Newcastle disease virus vaccine expressing SARS-CoV-2 spike: Interim results of a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 1 trial.

Background: Production of affordable coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines in low- and middle-income countries is needed. NDV-HXP-S is an inactivated egg-based recombinant Newcastle disease virus vaccine expressing the spike (S) protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It's being developed by public sector manufacturers in Thailand, Vietnam, and Brazil; herein are initial results from Thailand.

Safety and Immunogenicity of an Inactivated Recombinant Newcastle Disease Virus Vaccine Expressing SARS-CoV-2 Spike: Interim Results of a Randomised, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 1/2 Trial.

Background: Production of affordable coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines in low- and middle-income countries is needed. NDV-HXP-S is an inactivated egg-based Newcastle disease virus vaccine expressing the spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It's being developed in Thailand, Vietnam, and Brazil; herein are initial results from Thailand.

Lung Ultrasound Findings of Patients with Dengue Infection: A Prospective Observational Study.

Lung ultrasound (LUS) is a more sensitive method of detecting pathological pulmonary changes than chest X-ray. Therefore, LUS for patients with dengue could be an important tool for the early detection of pleural effusions and pulmonary edema signifying capillary plasma leakage, which is the hallmark of severe dengue pathophysiology. We conducted a prospective observational study of pulmonary changes identifiable with LUS in dengue patients admitted to the Hospital for Tropical Diseases in Mahidol University, Bangkok, and the Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute, Nonthaburi, Thailand.

Adipocytokine dysregulation, abnormal glucose metabolism, and lipodystrophy in HIV-infected adolescents receiving protease inhibitors.

Background: Lipodystrophy is common in HIV-infected patients receiving protease inhibitors (PIs), stavudine, and zidovudine. Adipocytokines may be altered in lipodystrophy. We evaluated risk factors, adipocytokine levels, insulin resistance, and lipid profiles in HIV-infected adolescents with different lipodystrophy types.

Time to Serological Cure and Associated Factors Among Syphilis Patients With and Without HIV in a Sexually Transmitted Infections Center, Thailand.

Background: Together with clinical correlation, nontreponemal titers are used to monitor treatment outcomes. Syphilis patients with HIV and without HIV coinfection were found to have different serological responses after treatment. This study aims to determine time to serological cure for treatment of syphilis and factors associated with it in patients with and without HIV.

Cytokine Expression in Dengue Fever and Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Patients with Bleeding and Severe Hepatitis.

Dengue is the most common mosquito-borne flaviviral infection in the world today. Several factors contribute and act synergistically to cause severe infection. One of these is dysregulated host immunological mediators that cause transient pathophysiology during infection.

Late boosting of the RV144 regimen with AIDSVAX B/E and ALVAC-HIV in HIV-uninfected Thai volunteers: a double-blind, randomised controlled trial.

Background: The RV144 phase 3 vaccine trial in Thailand demonstrated that ALVAC-HIV (vCP1521) and AIDSVAX B/E administration over 6 months resulted in a 31% efficacy in preventing HIV acquisition. In this trial, we assessed the immunological effect of an additional vaccine boost to the RV144 regimen at varying intervals between the priming vaccine series and the boost.

Methods: RV306 is a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised clinical trial done at three clinical sites in Thailand.

Characteristics and associated factors of acute kidney injury among adult dengue patients: A retrospective single-center study.

Severe dengue cases have been increasingly reported in Thailand, and the under-reporting of acute kidney injury (AKI) in cases of dengue viral infection has become an obstacle in obtaining an accurate description of the true nature and epidemiology of AKI. Because AKI may lead to patient morbidity and mortality, an early diagnosis is important in preventing its onset in dengue patients. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, clinical and laboratory characteristics, and associated factors of AKI among adult dengue patients.

Genetic variations of vitamin D receptor gene in metabolic syndrome and related diseases in the Thai population.

Background And Objectives: The genetic variations of vitamin D receptor (VDR) have revealed its association with the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS). In Thailand, evidence of this association has not been obtained. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the association of VDR gene polymorphism with MetS and related diseases as well as the possible linkage disequilibrium (LD) and haplotypes of VDR in Thai adults.

Impact of a group-based treatment program on adipocytokines, oxidative status, inflammatory cytokines and arterial stiffness in obese children and adolescents.

Background Dysregulation of adipocytokines, inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress are associated with the pathogenesis of obesity-related complications. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a group-based lifestyle modification program on adipocytokines, inflammatory cytokines, oxidative status and arterial stiffness in obese youth. Methods A 1-year weight-reduction program was conducted.

PARTNER NOTIFICATION OUTCOMES AMONG MALE GONORRHEA PATIENTS AT BANGRAK HOSPITAL, BANGKOK, THAILAND.

Partner notification (PN) is an important strategy to control sexually transmitted infections. The objective of this study was to assess the outcomes of PN in order to improve control of sexually transmitted infections. We retrospectively reviewed heterosexual male gonorrhea cases who presented for treatment to Bangrak Hospital during 2008 to determine the percent PN, the percent of successful partner management (SPM) and the factors associated with both.

Vitamin D-binding protein and its polymorphisms as a predictor for metabolic syndrome.

Aim: To investigate the relationship of vitamin D-binding protein (GC) and genetic variation of GC (rs4588, rs7041 and rs2282679) with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the Thai population.

Materials & Methods: GC-globulin concentrations were measured by quantitative western blot analysis in 401 adults. All participants were genotyped using TaqMan allelic discrimination assays.

ADIPOQ POLYMORPHISMS AMONG THAIS WITH PRE-DIABETES.

Studies have shown that polymorphisms of adiponectin gene (ADIPOQ) are associated with risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, no studies have investigated the association between genetic variants of ADIPOQ and pre-diabetes, a group at higher risk for developing T2DM. A total of 75 pre-diabetes and 130 normal subjects were recruited from volunteers in Bangkok, Thailand.

Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 gene polymorphisms and osteoporosis in Thai menopausal women.

Background: Osteoporosis, characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD) and high bone fracture risk, is prevalent in Thai menopausal women. Genetic factors are known to play a key role in BMD. Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5), a co-receptor in the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway, is involved in many aspects of bone biology.

Exome sequencing in Thai patients with familial obesity.

Obesity is a major worldwide health issue, with increasing prevalence in adults and children from developed and developing countries. Obesity causes several chronic diseases, including cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, osteoarthritis, hypertension, stroke, type II diabetes, obstructive sleep apnea, and several types of cancer. Previous genome-wide association studies have identified several genes associated with obesity, including LEP, LEPR, POMC, PCSK1, FTO, MC3R, MC4R, GNPDA2, TMEM18, QPCTL/GIPR, BDNF, ETV5, MAP2K5/SKOR1, SEC16B, SIM1, and TNKS/MSRA.

Differences in Liver Impairment Between Adults and Children with Dengue Infection.

Dengue infection (DI) is a major vector-borne disease in southeast Asia and an important cause of morbidity. The complications such as hepatic impairment are common, and because the physiology of the liver differs between children and adults, the DI-associated liver impairments might be expected to differ as well. This study aims to compare the differences in liver impairment between adults and children with DI.

Genetic variant screening of MC3R and MC4R genes in early-onset obese children and their relatives among a Thai population: family-based study.

MC3R (melanocortin-3 receptor) and MC4R (melanocortin-4 receptor) play important roles in energy homeostasis. Severe early-onset obesity, known as monogenic obesity when it is the consequence of a mutation in a single-gene product, may result when energy homeostasis is disrupted. The purpose of our study was to screen for variations of the MC3R and MC4R genes and observe the mode of inheritance of variations in affected families.

Association between rs155971 in the PCSK1 gene and the lipid profile of obese Thai children: a family-based study.

Genetic variants of the POMC and PCSK1 genes cause severe obesity among patients in the early stages of childhood. This family-based study analyzed the links between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in either the POMC or PCSK1 genes and obesity, as well as obesity-related traits among obese Thai children and their families. The variants rs1042571 and rs6713532 in the POMC gene in a sample of 83 obese children and their family members were investigated using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism.

Common variations in the FTO gene and obesity in Thais: a family-based study.

Several studies have revealed the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the first intron of fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene and obesity. To date, more than 100 SNPs in the FTO gene have been identified in various populations. Nevertheless, this association has not yet been confirmed in Thai populations.

Medical and economic burden of chronic hepatitis B patients at Queen Savang Vadhana Memorial Hospital.

Objective: To study and to compare the medical and economic burden among chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients.

Material And Method: A prospective observational study was conducted among 129 adult CHB patients. The medical burden was assessed by using the EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D) and the Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire (CLDQ) at initial day, the six and 12-month follow-up.

Effects of PCSK1 genetic variants on obesity among Thai children and their family members: in relation to health risk, and biochemical and anthropometric parameters.

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in PCSK1, namely, rs6234, rs6235, and rs271939 have been linked to obesity in European population; and rs3811951 has also been connected to type 2 diabetes and obesity parameters in Chinese population. In this family-based case-control study, we analyzed links between PCSK1 genetic variants and obesity in Thai children and their families. Eleven obese children with a percent weight for height > or = 140 who had family history of obesity and 69 family members were recruited.

Association of adiponectin gene -11377C>G polymorphism with adiponectin levels and the metabolic syndrome in Thais.

The metabolic syndrome is related to increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Adiponectin is an adipocyte-secreted protein with insulin-sensitizing and anti-atherogenic properties. The aims of this study were to evaluate adiponectin levels and biochemical parameters in metabolic-syndrome subjects and healthy controls.