Genes encoding bile salt hydrolase differentially affect adhesion of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum AR113.

Background: Adhesion is considered important for Lactiplantibacillus to persist in the human gut and for it to exert probiotic effects. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum contains a considerable number and variety of genes encoding bile salt hydrolases (bsh), but their effects on microbial adhesion remain poorly understood. To clarify the effects of four bsh on adhesion, we tried to knock out bsh (Δbsh) of L.

Structure characterization of a pyruvated exopolysaccharide from Lactobacillus plantarum AR307.

A pyruvated exopolysaccharide designated as LPE-1 was isolated and purified from the fermentation broth of Lactobacillus plantarum AR307 and characterized for its chemical structure. The results indicated that LPE-1 contained galactopyranose (Galp) and glucopyranose (Glcp) at a molar ratio of 2: 1. The weight-averaged molecular weight (M) of LPE-1 was 605 kDa, with a polydispersity index (PDI) of 1.

Fractionation, chemical characterization and immunostimulatory activity of β-glucan and galactoglucan from Russula vinosa Lindblad.

Water-extracted polysaccharides from Russula vinosa Lindblad (WRP) were separated into three fractions (WRP-1, WRP-2 and WRP-3) by gradient ethanol precipitation and gel chromatography. Structural characterization indicated that WRP-1 was a branched β-(1→3)-glucan and exhibited rigid helical conformation in aqueous solution with Mw of 2,180 kDa and radius of gyration (Rg) of 123.4 nm.

Effects of soluble dietary fibers on the viscosity property and digestion kinetics of corn starch digesta.

Four soluble dietary fibers (SDFs) were fortified with corn starch (CS) at different concentrations to match the same viscosity equivalents. The mixtures were subjected to a simulated digestion procedure to study the effects of SDFs on viscosity properties and digestion kinetics of CS. Results showed that SDFs increased the hydration property and decreased the water mobility of digesta.

An increase in cell membrane permeability in the in situ extractive fermentation improves the production of antroquinonol from Antrodia camphorata S-29.

The goals of this study were to increase the production of antroquinonol (AQ) and to elucidate the response mechanism of the cell membrane during the in situ extractive fermentation (ISEF) of Antrodia camphorata S-29. Through ISEF, the concentration of AQ reached a maximum of 146.1 ± 2.

Lactobacillus casei LC2W can inhibit the colonization of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in vivo and reduce the severity of colitis.

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is a strain of human pathogenic E. coli bacteria that can cause serious foodborne diseases. Many probiotics have antagonistic effects on EHEC, but few studies have examined the interactions between probiotics and EHEC in vivo.

Exopolysaccharide from Streptococcus thermophilus as stabilizer in fermented dairy: Binding kinetics and interactions with casein of milk.

Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) from lactic acid bacteria have great effect on the quality of fermented milk products. However, the mechanism for the quality improvement has not been well described. This study aimed to investigate the molecular binding kinetics and interactions between EPS obtained from Streptococcus thermophilus AR333 (EPS333) and casein of milk (CM) in a simulated acidifying process.

Adhesion to pharyngeal epithelium and modulation of immune response: Lactobacillus salivarius AR809, a potential probiotic strain isolated from the human oral cavity.

Microbiome modulators such as probiotics are known to modulate oral diseases. Very few probiotics are commercially available for use in the oral cavity. In this context, we selected human-origin Lactobacillus salivarius AR809 as a promising oropharyngeal probiotic and characterized its functional and immunomodulatory properties.

Rheological properties of Prunus persica exudate: Potential effects of proteins and polyphenols.

This study was to investigate the rheological properties of graded Prunus persica exudates (peach gums). Graded peach gums were extracted by hot water and precipitated by ethanol to obtain white peach gum polysaccharide (WPGP) and yellow peach gum polysaccharide (YPGP). Chemical analysis showed that YPGP had 0.

Genomic and phenotypic analyses of exopolysaccharide biosynthesis in Streptococcus thermophilus S-3.

Streptococcus thermophilus, one of the most important industrial lactic acid bacteria, is widely used as a starter culture in the dairy industry. Streptococcus thermophilus S-3 isolated from Chinese traditional dairy products has shown great potential for the production of larger amounts of exopolysaccharides (EPS), which significantly affect the organoleptic properties of fermented milk products. To understand the relationship between the genotype and phenotype of S.

Composition and Rheological Properties of Polysaccharide Extracted from Tamarind ( L.) Seed.

A polysaccharide was extracted in high yield from tamarind ( L.) seed (TSP) by acidic hot water extraction and ethanol precipitation. It was composed of 86.

The ameliorative effect of a Lactobacillus strain with good adhesion ability against dextran sulfate sodium-induced murine colitis.

The objective of this study was to effectively screen out a Lactobacillus strain with excellent adhesion ability and ameliorative effect on the disease symptoms of a murine ulcerative colitis model. The auto-aggregation rate (RAA), co-aggregation rate with Escherichia coli O157 (RCA), and cell surface hydrophobicity (AHC) of 17 Lactobacillus strains were measured for primary selection. The results indicate that Lactobacillus plantarum AR326 displayed the topmost overall aggregation performance among all strains examined.

A Surface Protein From Increases the Adhesion of Strains to Human Epithelial Cells.

Adhesion to epithelial cells is considered important for to exert probiotic effects. In this study, we found that trypsin treatment decreased the adhesion ability of AR326 and AR269, which exhibit good adhesion ability, and surface proteins extracts increased the adhesion of the strains with poor adhesion ability. By SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry analysis, the main component of the surface proteins was detected and identified as a protein of approximately 37 kDa.

Carrageenan polysaccharides and oligosaccharides with distinct immunomodulatory activities in murine microglia BV-2 cells.

This study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory activities in vitro of various carrageenans (Car) fractions (κ-, ι-, and λ-types) with well characterized molecular properties, using murine microglia BV-2 cell line treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as model. It is indicated that pretreatments with the oligosaccharide fractions from κ- or ι-carrageenan acid hydrolysates (κ- and ι-CarAOS, respectively) at 125-500 μg/mL significantly and dose-dependently decreased the levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) secreted from LPS-treated BV-2 cells, showing promisingly anti-inflammatory effects. Differently, pretreatments of most of polymeric carrageenans at 250-500 μg/mL significantly increased the TNF-α level, implying the co-inflammatory effects with LPS.