The key role of specific DSM-5 diagnostic criteria in the early development of alcohol use disorder: Findings from the RADAR prospective cohort study.

Background: Prevention and early intervention of alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a public health priority, yet there are gaps in our understanding of how AUD emerges, which symptoms of AUD come first, and whether there are modifiable risk factors that forecast the development of the disorder. This study investigated potential early-warning-sign symptoms for the development of AUD.

Methods: Data were from the RADAR study, a prospective cohort study of contemporary emerging adults across Australia (n = 565, mean age = 18.

Definition matters: assessment of tolerance to the effects of alcohol in a prospective cohort study of emerging adults.

Background And Aims: Tolerance to the effects of alcohol is an important element in the diagnosis of alcohol use disorders (AUD); however, there is ongoing debate about its utility in the diagnosis AUD in adolescents and young adults. This study aimed to refine the assessment of tolerance in young adults by testing different definitions of tolerance and their associations with longitudinal AUD outcomes.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

DSM-5 and ICD-11 alcohol use disorder criteria in young adult regular drinkers: Lifetime prevalence and age of onset.

Background: Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a significant contributor to global disease burden. AUD has a relatively early onset during young adulthood (Teesson et al., 2010).

Variations of the testicular artery and vein: A meta-analysis with proposed classification.

Variations of testicular vessels are more common than supposed. The testicular artery varies because of abnormal regression of the lateral mesonephric arteries in the fetus, whereas variations in the testicular vein are due to abnormalities in the involution of the intersubcardinal anastomosis. Such variations are usually found incidentally during surgical procedures around the renal pedicle and they often lead to complications.

Convergence of signaling pathways in the control of differential cell growth in Arabidopsis.

Seedling apical hook development involves a complex interplay of hormones and light in the regulation of differential cell growth. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms that integrate these diverse signals to control bending of the embryonic stem are poorly understood. The Arabidopsis ethylene-regulated HOOKLESS1 (HLS1) gene is essential for apical hook formation.