Mindfulness-Based Interventions Targeting Modifiable Lifestyle Behaviors Associated With Brain Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

A systematic review and meta-analysis investigated randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) targeting lifestyle behaviors commonly associated with brain health in adults. Data sources included Ovid Medline, Ovid PsycINFO, CINAHL [EBSCO], Embase, Cochrane Library [Ovid], Web of Science, and https://ClinicalTrials.gov.

Breast Cancers Detected during a Decade of Screening with Digital Breast Tomosynthesis: Comparison with Digital Mammography.

Background Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) has been shown to help increase cancer detection compared with two-dimensional digital mammography (DM). However, it is unclear whether additional tumor detection will improve outcomes or lead to overdiagnosis of breast cancer. Purpose This study aimed to compare cancer types and stages over 3 years of DM screening and 10 years of DBT screening to determine the effect of DBT.

Geriatric Assessment in Colorectal Surgery: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: The prevalence of colorectal surgery among older adults is expected to rise due to the aging population. Geriatric conditions (e.g.

Design, Recruitment, and Implementation of Research Interventions Among Youth Experiencing Homelessness: A Systematic Review.

Transitional age youth experiencing homelessness (TAY-EH) represent an underserved and understudied population. While an increasing number of empirical interventions have sought to address the high burden of psychopathology in this population, findings remain mixed regarding intervention effectiveness. In this systematic review of behavioral health interventions for TAY-EH, we sought to examine the structural framework in which these interventions take place and how these structures include or exclude certain populations of youth.

Representation of race and ethnicity among cancer survivors in trials of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I): A systematic review.

Purpose: For cancer survivors, insomnia is highly prevalent and debilitating. Although cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is recognized as a gold standard treatment, it is unclear whether benefits of treatment generalize to racial and ethnic minorities in the USA. This systematic review characterizes the representation of racial and ethnic diversity among cancer survivors in CBT-I clinical trials and provides recommendations for research in sleep/cancer survivorship.

Improving access to safe, quality surgical care for gynecologic cancers through capacity-building interventions in low- and middle-income countries: A scoping review.

Background: Following the launch of the World Health Organization's Strategy to accelerate the elimination of cervical cancer, diagnosis is expected to increase, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). A well-integrated surgical system is critical to treat cervical cancer. Two major approaches have been employed to build human capacity: task-sharing and training of gynecologic oncologists (GynOncs).

Do Tobacco Treatment Trials Address Disparities in Smoking Outcomes Among Black and Hispanic Cancer Patients? A Systematic Review of Smoking Cessation Interventions for Black and Hispanic Patients Diagnosed with Cancer.

Objective: To characterize the representation of Black and Hispanic cancer patients in tobacco treatment trials, and to offer recommendations for future research.

Methods: We conducted two systematic searches of the literature (2018, 2021) using 5 databases (MEDLINE via EBSCO, Pubmed, PsycInfo, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE)) to examine the prevalence of tobacco trials that included Black or Hispanic cancer patients. Two coders independently screened all articles at title, abstract, and full-text to identify eligible trials.

Mpox exposure and transmission in healthcare settings during the 2022 global outbreak.

Purpose Of Review: The risk of nosocomial transmission of mpox during the 2022 global outbreak is not well described. We evaluated reports of exposures to healthcare personnel (HCP) and patients in healthcare settings and risk of transmission.

Recent Findings: Reported nosocomial transmission of mpox has been rare and associated primarily with sharps injuries and breaches in transmission-based precautions.

PACS-integrated machine learning breast density classifier: clinical validation.

Objective: To test the performance of a novel machine learning-based breast density tool. The tool utilizes a convolutional neural network to predict the BI-RADS based density assessment of a study. The clinical density assessments of 33,000 mammographic examinations (164,000 images) from one academic medical center (Site A) were used for training.

Smoking Behaviors Among Black and Hispanic Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Smoking is the leading cause of preventable disease and death in the United States. The risk of smoking poses an even greater threat for racial/ethnic minorities, particularly Black and Hispanic cancer patients who face a range of existing disparities in healthcare. Despite these risks for poor health outcomes among this population, little is known about the smoking behaviors of Black and Hispanic cancer patients.

Burden, clinical features and outcomes of post-tuberculosis lung disease in sub-Saharan Africa: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is significantly associated with multiple postinfectious, non-communicable diseases after microbiological cure. For example, those with a history of TB disease have a higher risk of developing chronic lung diseases at a younger age. However, the extent and nature of post-TB complications are not well described.

Financial burden in adults with chronic liver disease: A scoping review.

The economic burden of chronic liver disease is rising; however, the financial impact of chronic liver disease on patients and families has been underexplored. We performed a scoping review to identify studies examining financial burden (patient/family health care expenditures), financial distress (material, behavioral, and psychological consequences of financial burden), and financial toxicity (adverse health outcomes of financial distress) experienced by patients with chronic liver disease and their families. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, and the Web of Science online databases for articles published since the introduction of the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score for liver transplantation allocation in February 2002 until July 2021.

A Systematic Review of Interventions That Integrate Perinatal Mental Health Care Into Routine Maternal Care in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

Background: Women in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are disproportionally affected by perinatal depression and anxiety and lack access to mental health care. Integrating perinatal mental health care into routine maternal care is recommended to address gaps in access to mental health care in such under-resourced settings. Understanding the effectiveness of interventions that integrate perinatal mental health care into routine maternal care in LMICs is critical to inform ongoing intervention development, implementation, and scale-up.