Graphene Meets Ionic Liquids: Fermi Level Engineering via Electrostatic Forces.

Graphene-based two-dimensional (2D) materials are promising candidates for a number of different energy applications. A particularly interesting one is in next generation supercapacitors, where graphene is being explored as an electrode material in combination with room temperature ionic liquids (ILs) as electrolytes. Because the amount of energy that can be stored in such supercapacitors critically depends on the electrode-electrolyte interface, there is considerable interest in understanding the structure and properties of the graphene/IL interface.

The Chaotic Long-term X-ray Variability of 4U 1705-44.

The low-mass X-ray binary 4U1705-44 exhibits dramatic long-term X-ray time variability with a timescale of several hundred days. The All-Sky Monitor () aboard the () and the Japanese () aboard the International Space Station together have continuously observed the source from December 1995 through May 2014. The combined data provide a continuous time series over fifty times the length of the timescale of interest.

Tunable doping of graphene by using physisorbed self-assembled networks.

One current key challenge in graphene research is to tune its charge carrier concentration, i.e., p- and n-type doping of graphene.

Nanostructuring graphene for controlled and reproducible functionalization.

The 'graphene rush' that started almost a decade ago is far from over. The dazzling properties of graphene have long warranted a number of applications in various domains of science and technology. Harnessing the exceptional properties of graphene for practical applications however has proved to be a massive task.

An approach to long-term sedative-hypnotic use.

Insomnia is a common, often chronic medical disorder with significant medical and socioeconomic repercussions. However, unlike other medical conditions, there is intense debate as to whether the long-term treatment of insomnia is clinically appropriate. The perceived deleterious side effect of sedative-hypnotic medications may result in patients remaining untreated or undertreated.

Self-report of memory and affective dysfunction in association with medication use in a sample of individuals with chronic sleep disturbance.

Benzodiazepines produce memory disturbance after acute administration. It is not clear whether chronic use of benzodiazepines is hazardous to memory processes. Epidemiological data indicate that a large proportion (10-30 per cent) of individuals with sleep dysfunction take hypnotic aids for a year or longer.

UV-A induces persistent genomic instability in human keratinocytes through an oxidative stress mechanism.

Ultraviolet-A (UV-A, 320 to 400 nm) radiation comprises 95% of the solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) reaching the earth's surface. It has been associated experimentally and epidemiologically with malignant melanoma. In this study we investigated whether UV-A radiation can induce a persistent, heritable hypermutability in mammalian cells similar to that observed following ionising radiation (IR).

Helping distressed patients. A strategy for reducing the doctor's anxiety.

Objective: This study was designed to test whether belonging to a counselling supervision group reduces the anxiety of doctors when dealing with emotionally distressed patients.

Method: Identical questionnaires were distributed to the counselling supervision group (the study group) and a matched control group in March and August 1997. Respondents were asked to rate their perceived level of anxiety when faced with nine clinical scenarios and their overall anxiety when dealing with emotionally distressed patients.

Effects of an opiate on cold-induced pain and the CNS in healthy volunteers.

The analgesic activity of an opiate was studied in 12 healthy volunteers using a cold-induced pain (CP) model. Effects on the central nervous system (CNS) were also measured. According to a double-blind, randomised, balanced, cross-over design with an interval of 7 days between occasions, subjects received single oral doses of 2, 4 and 8 mg dipipanone (D2, D4, D8) and a placebo.