Part I: Cutaneous manifestations of cardiovascular disease.

In this part 1 of a 2-part continuing medical education series, we review the epidemiology and pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease, its association with cutaneous symptoms, and the diagnosis and evaluation of cutaneous features of cardiovascular syndromes, including infective endocarditis, acute rheumatic fever, Kawasaki disease, cholesterol embolization syndrome, lipid disorders, cardiac amyloidosis, and cardiac myxomas. As the incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular diseases increase, dermatologists play an essential role in recognizing the cutaneous manifestations of cardiovascular diseases in order to appropriately connect patients with follow-up care.

Part II: Cutaneous manifestations of peripheral vascular disease.

In this Part 2 of a 2-part continuing medical education series, we review the epidemiology of peripheral vascular disease, its association with cutaneous symptoms, and the diagnosis and evaluation of cutaneous features of vascular disorders. As peripheral vascular disease becomes more prevalent globally, it is essential for dermatologists to become competent at accurately recognizing and diagnosing cutaneous manifestations and directing individuals to receive appropriate care and treatment.

Previously unreported variant collateral supply in an acute stroke patient with anomalous common and internal carotid artery anatomy undergoing mechanical thrombectomy.

Agenesis of the common carotid and internal carotid arteries are rare entities. Approximately 100 cases of internal carotid artery (ICA) agenesis are reported in the literature, and even fewer cases of common carotid agenesis. The collateral supply in such cases is well described and typically follows one of only a small number of variations.

Sampling time for self-taking an oropharyngeal swab for gonorrhoea and chlamydia testing.

Self-taking oropharyngeal swabs for sexually transmitted infections such as gonorrhoea and chlamydia has become more common during the COVID-19 pandemic to minimise the risk to healthcare workers. However, there have been no standardised guidelines on sampling time for taking an oropharyngeal swab for gonorrhoea and chlamydia testing. We recruited 215 participants at the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Australia, between November 2021 and January 2022.

Sexual Activities and Changes in Condom Use in Group Sex Events Among Female Sex Workers in Melbourne, Australia.

Background: There are few studies investigating group sex among female sex workers (FSWs). This study aimed to examine the typical number of group sex participants, sexual activities and condom use in group sex among FSWs attending a sexual health clinic in Melbourne, Australia.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey between May 1, 2019 and March 13, 2020 among FSWs in Melbourne.

Zanubrutinib monotherapy in relapsed/refractory indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Outcomes for marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) and follicular lymphoma (FL) remain suboptimal, owing to the limited number of approved agents and the incurable nature of the diseases. BGB-3111-AU-003 was a phase 1/2, open-label, multicenter, single-agent study of the selective Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor zanubrutinib in 385 patients with B-cell malignancies. Here, we present safety and efficacy outcomes for the 53 enrolled patients with relapsed/refractory MZL (n = 20) and relapsed/refractory FL (n = 33), all of whom were enrolled during the part 2 dose expansion, and therefore received zanubrutinib at the recommended phase 2 dose.

LiDAR-Stabilised GNSS-IMU Platform Pose Tracking.

The requirement to estimate the six degree-of-freedom pose of a moving platform frequently arises in automation applications. It is common to estimate platform pose by the fusion of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) measurements and translational acceleration and rotational rate measurements from an inertial measurement unit (IMU). This paper considers a specific situation where two GNSS receivers and one IMU are used and gives the full formulation of a Kalman filter-based estimator to do this.

Injection laryngoplasty during transoral laser microsurgery for early glottic cancer: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Transoral laser microsurgery is widely used for treating T1/T2 glottic cancers. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is commonly used in vocal cord augmentation. We investigated the impact of intra-operative injection laryngoplasty on voice outcomes in early glottic cancer.

Monitoring erosive tooth wear with intraoral 3D scanner: A feasibility study.

Purpose: To evaluate in vitro the potential of an intraoral scanner (IOS) to monitor erosive tooth wear (ETW) using different alignment software with distinct quantitative measurement metrics.

Methods: 15 unpolished bovine crowns were exposed to citric acid (pH ~2.5) at 24-hour intervals up to 168 hours.

Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of face-to-face and electronic brief interventions versus screening alone to reduce alcohol consumption among high-risk adolescents presenting to emergency departments: three-arm pragmatic randomized trial (SIPS Junior high risk trial).

Background And Aims: Alcohol use increases throughout adolescence. Emergency department (ED) attendance is an opportunity for alcohol screening and brief intervention (ASBI), which is effective for adults. This trial evaluated the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of ASBI compared with screening alone (SA) in high-risk adolescents.

Transfer of Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy Attending Primary Health Care Services in South Africa.

Background: Patients stable on antiretroviral therapy (ART) may require transfer between health care facilities to maintain continuous care, yet data on the frequency, predictors, and virologic outcomes of transfers are limited.

Methods: Data for all viral load (VL) testing at public sector health facilities in the Western Cape Province (2011-2018) were obtained. Participant inclusion criteria were a first VL between 2011 and 2013, age >15 years at ART initiation, and >1 VL within 5 years of ART initiation, of which ≥1 was at a primary health care facility.

Service Users' Views and Experiences of Alcohol Relapse Prevention Treatment and Adherence: New Role for Pharmacists?

Aims: To understand service users' views and experiences of alcohol relapse prevention medication, views of a telephone behavioural modification intervention delivered by pharmacists and the use of Contingency Management (CM) to support acamprosate adherence following assisted alcohol withdrawal.

Methods: Four focus groups were conducted within four alcohol treatment and recovery groups across England (UK), with service users with lived experience of alcohol dependence (26 participants). Semi-structured topic guide was used to explore participants' views and experiences of alcohol relapse prevention medication, a telephone behavioural modification medication intervention delivered by pharmacists, and the use of CM to support acamprosate adherence.

Factors associated with group sex in heterosexual males and females attending a sexual health clinic in Melbourne, Australia: a cross-sectional survey.

Background: There have been limited studies of group sex among heterosexual individuals. This study aimed to explore the factors associated with group sex among heterosexual males and females to improve risk assessment guidelines and inform sexually transmitted infection (STI) screening requirements.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among heterosexual males and females aged ≥16 years attending the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre between March and April 2019.

Response time to an SMS link for a sexual health survey.

In November 2021, clients attending the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre were invited to participate in the Annual Client Satisfaction Survey by receiving an SMS link at 5:15pm on the day they attended the clinic. We analysed the response time data and found that most (60%; 168/278) individuals responded to the survey during the time period 5:00-5:59pm, which wasaround the time when they received the SMS. We concluded that individuals responded quickly to the survey via an SMS link.

Sexual mixing patterns among male–female partnerships in Melbourne, Australia.

Background: Individuals who have both opposite- and same-sex partners have the potential to pass sexually transmitted infections (STIs) between high- and low-risk populations. Our aim was to examine assortative sexual mixing in terms of same-sex activity among male-female partnerships.

Methods: This was a retrospective repeated cross-sectional study of male-female partnerships attending the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre (MSHC) from 2015 to 2019.

Preferences of men who have sex with men for performing anal self-examination for the detection of anal syphilis in Australia: A discrete choice experiment.

Background: Regular anal self-examination could potentially reduce syphilis transmission by detecting anal syphilis earlier among men who have sex with men (MSM). This study aimed to examine the preferences of MSM on performing anal self-examination to detect anal syphilis.

Methods: An online survey with a discrete choice experiment (DCE) was distributed to MSM attending a sexual health clinic and through social media in Australia between June and November 2020.

A cross-sectional study of male and female kissing partners among men who have sex with men.

Background: Kissing may be a risk factor for gonorrhoea. Past studies have focused on male kissing partners among men who have sex with men (MSM). This study aimed to examine the kissing practices of MSM who kiss male and female partners.

Newly arrived Asian-born gay men in Australia: exploring men's HIV knowledge, attitudes, prevention strategies and facilitators toward safer sexual practices.

Background: Asian-born gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (gbMSM) newly arrived in Australia are more than four times as likely than their Australian-born counterparts to be diagnosed with incident HIV. Our aim was to explore experiences of Asian-born gbMSM newly arrived in Australia and attending a sexual health centre with regards to their knowledge of and preference for HIV prevention strategies.

Results: Twenty-four gbMSM aged 20-30 years attending Melbourne Sexual Health Centre who were born in Asia and arrived in Australia in the preceding four years, participated in semi-structured face-to-face interviews from 8th May 2019 and 23rd December 2019.

Victimization Within and Beyond the Prison Walls: A Latent Profile Analysis of Transgender and Gender Diverse Adults.

Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) people are disproportionately incarcerated in the United States relative to the general population. A dearth of quantitative research has explored victimization as a risk factor for incarceration as well as the victimization experiences of formerly incarcerated TGD populations. : In 2019, 574 TGD adults completed an online survey assessing sociodemographics, victimization across settings, and incarceration history.

Trichomoniasis among men presenting to a sexual health clinic in Melbourne, Australia.

Background: This study aimed to examine the positivity of urethral Trichomonas vaginalis in men attending an urban sexual health clinic in Melbourne, Australia.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of men who were tested for T. vaginalis using nucleic acid amplification test at the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre between August 2018 and May 2021, and calculated the positivity.

Nitric Oxide Fumigation for Control of Ham Mite, Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Sarcoptiformes: Acaridae).

The ham mite, Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank) (Sarcoptiformes: Acaridae), is a common pest infesting several stored products, particularly the aged hams. In this study, we reported the efficacy of nitric oxide (NO) fumigation, a recently discovered fumigation treatment under the ultra-low oxygen environment, at various concentrations and time under the laboratory conditions at 25°C against different mite stages on both dietary media and ham meat. Our results showed that NO fumigation was effective against all mite stages and 100% control was achieved.