Visual outcomes of the second eye in keratoconic patients who have a corneal graft in the first eye: analysis at 12 years.

Purpose: To analyze demographic, clinical, and keratometric outcomes of the second eye in keratoconic patients when the first eye has already been grafted, initially and finally at 12 years.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of initial and 12 years visual and keratometric outcomes of the second eye in keratoconic patients when the first one has already been grafted.

Results: A total of 107 patients were included: 66 patients were analyzed at the beginning of the follow-up and at 12 years.

Screening for diabetic retinopathy by ophthalmologists and endocrinologists with pupillary dilation and a nonmydriatic digital camera.

Purpose: To assess the effects of pupillary dilation on image quality and certitude of screening diabetic retinopathy by trained endocrinologists using a digital nonmydriatic camera.

Design: Prospective, comparative, observational case series.

Methods: One hundred fifty patients with diabetes attending a hospital-based photographic screening clinic had five-field (45 degree) digital retinal imaging and mosaic construction, first through dark-adapted pupils, then after a single application of tropicamide 1%.