Germinal center reactions in tertiary lymphoid structures associate with neoantigen burden, humoral immunity and long-term survivorship in pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has traditionally been thought of as an immunologically quiescent tumor type presumably because of a relatively low tumor mutational burden (TMB) and poor responses to checkpoint blockade therapy. However, many PDAC tumors exhibit T cell inflamed phenotypes. The presence of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) has recently been shown to be predictive of checkpoint blockade response in melanomas and sarcomas, and are prognostic for survival in PDAC.

Laparoscopic single site adrenalectomy using a conventional laparoscope and instrumentation.

Background And Objectives: We present a case of Laparoendoscopic Single Site Surgery (LESS) left adrenalectomy performed with a conventional laparoscope and instruments.

Methods: A 45-year-old male was diagnosed with hyperaldosteronism. Computed tomography detected a left adrenal nodule.