Medical use and combination drug therapy among US adult users of central nervous system stimulants: a cross-sectional analysis.

Objective: Examine patterns of adult medical use of amphetamine and methylphenidate stimulant drugs, classified in the USA as Schedule II controlled substances with a high potential for psychological or physical dependence.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting And Participants: Prescription drug claims for US adults, age 19-64 years, included in a commercial insurance claims database with 9.

Changes in medical use of central nervous system stimulants among US adults, 2013 and 2018: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: To assess the 5-year changes in the adult medical use of central nervous system (CNS) stimulants with higher risk of dependence and evaluate the population characteristics of users and their medical and/or neurological conditions.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Annual US Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, a stratified random sample of approximately 30 000 persons designed to produce national population estimates.