Pediatric Human Immunodeficiency Virus Continuum of Care: A Concise Review of Evidence-Based Practice.

Children and adolescents living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) represent a population that requires a unique approach to HIV care. Prevention, testing, initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART), and retention and engagement in care are critical steps. Each step requires providers to address age-specific barriers, so that successful and prolonged viral suppression can occur.

Decision analysis to guide choice of interventions to reduce mother-to-child transmission of HIV.

Introduction: Antiretroviral prophylaxis, avoidance of breastfeeding, and early weaning are candidates to prevent mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV worldwide.

Methods: We developed a model to help guide population-level decisions about MTCT intervention strategies. We estimated the numbers of early childhood deaths prevented by (1) prenatal short-course zidovudine, (2) intrapartum and neonatal short-course nevirapine, (3) avoidance of breastfeeding, and (4) early weaning (age 6 months); four combinations of these; and one possible future strategy (postnatal antiretroviral prophylaxis) in a scenario typical of a developing country.