Comparative Analysis of Performance of Large Language Models in Urogynecology.

Importance: Despite growing popularity in medicine, data on large language models in urogynecology are lacking.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the performance of ChatGPT-3.5, GPT-4, and Bard on the American Urogynecologic Society self-assessment examination.

Rate of deterioration of umbilical artery Doppler indices in fetuses with severe early-onset fetal growth restriction.

Background: Incorporation of umbilical artery Doppler in the surveillance of fetal growth restriction has been shown to reduce the risk of perinatal deaths. Systole/Diastole ratio, Pulsatility Index and Resistance Index are obtained upon Doppler interrogation of the umbilical artery however it is unknown which index predicts more advanced stages of placental deterioration.

Objective: This study aimed to examine risk factors for the development of absent or reversed end-diastolic velocity and the time intervals of deterioration from normal umbilical artery end-diastolic velocity (indicated by systole/diastole ratio, pulsatility index, or resistance index) to decreased and absent or reversed end-diastolic velocity in fetuses with early-onset severe fetal growth restriction.

Dose-Dense Chemotherapy Regimen for Breast Cancer Associated with Significant Decline in Ovarian Reserve.

To determine the impact of dose-dense chemotherapy administration on ovarian reserve in women undergoing treatment for breast cancer. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of reproductive age women who underwent dose-dense chemotherapy regimens with doxorubicin hydrochloride and cyclophosphamide with or without paclitaxel for a new diagnosis of breast cancer. We compared pre- and post-treatment serum antimullerian hormone (AMH) levels and assessed changes in AMH over time.

Robotic-assisted vaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery versus robotic-assisted single-site port for benign hysterectomy: a comparison of surgical outcomes.

The objective of this study is to evaluate the surgical outcomes for robotic-assisted vaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (R-VNOTES) hysterectomy versus robotic-assisted single-site port (RSSP) hysterectomy when performed for benign indications. This is a retrospective chart review in an academic tertiary setting. 404 patients underwent hysterectomy for benign indications.

Use of a pocket-device point-of-care ultrasound to assess cervical dilation in labor: correlation and patient experience.

Objectives: To estimate the correlation of cervical dilation between pocket-device point-of-care transperineal ultrasound (TPUS) and digital cervical examination (DCE).

Methods: Laboring pregnant individuals ≥37 weeks of gestation presenting were prospectively evaluated for cervical dilation with a handheld pocket-sized ultrasound (Butterfly iQ+) applied to the perineum, with a blinded DCE directly following. Subjects completed a survey to rate pain and for any preference from the examinations.

A pilot study of the role of the claustrum in attention and seizures in rats.

Objective: The claustrum has been implicated in consciousness, and MRIs of patients with status epilepticus have shown increased claustral signal intensity. In an attempt to investigate the role of claustrum in cognition and seizures, we (1) assessed the effect of high-frequency stimulation (HFS) of the claustrum on performance in the operant chamber; (2) studied interclaustral and claustrohippocampal connectivity through cerebro-cerebral evoked potentials (CCEPs); and (3) investigated the role of claustrum in kainate-induced (KA) seizures.

Methods: Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were trained in operant conditioning and implanted with electrodes in bilateral claustra and hippocampi.

Effects of low-frequency electrical stimulation of the anterior piriform cortex on kainate-induced seizures in rats.

Objective: Recent evidence in animals and humans suggests that low-frequency stimulation (LFS) has significant antiepileptic properties. The anterior piriform cortex (APC) is a highly susceptible seizure-trigger zone and may be critical for the initiation and propagation of seizures originating from cortical and limbic foci. We used the kainic acid (KA) seizure model in rats to assess the therapeutic effect of LFS of the APC on seizures.

Acute and spontaneous seizure onset zones in the intraperitoneal kainic acid model.

Objective: Hippocampal monitoring is often used in the intraperitoneal kainic acid (KA) seizure model for detection and quantification of early ictal activity. Here, we investigated extra-hippocampal seizure onset zones (SOZs) in this model.

Methods: Eight male Sprague Dawley rats implanted with depth electrodes were continuously recorded during intraperitoneal KA injections until status epilepticus (SE) was induced.

Intensity-modulated radiotherapy in treatment of pancreatic and bile duct malignancies: toxicity and clinical outcome.

Purpose: To assess the efficacy and toxicity of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in pancreatic and bile duct (cholangiocarcinoma) malignancies.

Methods And Materials: Twenty-five patients with pancreatic and bile duct cancer were treated with IMRT. Twenty-three received concurrent 5-fluoruracil.

Impact of hormone therapy when combined with external beam radiotherapy for early-stage, intermediate-, or high-risk prostate cancer.

The purpose of this investigation was to explore the potential benefit of hormone therapy in addition to external beam radiotherapy for patients with early-stage (T1-2), intermediate-(prostate-specific antigen [PSA] > 10 or Gleason score >or= 7) or high-risk (PSA > 10 and Gleason score >or= 7) prostate cancer. The charts of 412 patients with early-stage intermediate- and high-risk prostate cancer treated with external beam radiotherapy with or without a 4-month total androgen blockade were reviewed. The groups were balanced with respect to age, pretreatment PSA, and stage, but differed with respect to Gleason score and radiation dose.