A Small-Molecule Inhibitor of Gut Bacterial Urease Protects the Host from Liver Injury.

Hyperammonemia is characterized by the accumulation of ammonia within the bloodstream upon liver injury. Left untreated, hyperammonemia contributes to conditions such as hepatic encephalopathy that have high rates of patient morbidity and mortality. Previous studies have identified gut bacterial urease, an enzyme that converts urea into ammonia, as a major contributor to systemic ammonia levels.

Deaminase-mediated chromatin accessibility profiling with single-allele resolution.

Binding of transcription factors (TFs) at gene regulatory elements controls cellular epigenetic state and gene expression. Current genome-wide chromatin profiling approaches have inherently limited resolution, complicating assessment of TF occupancy and co-occupancy, especially at individual alleles. In this work, we introduce Accessible Chromatin by Cytosine Editing Site Sequencing with ATAC-seq (ACCESS-ATAC), which harnesses a double-stranded DNA cytosine deaminase (Ddd) enzyme to stencil TF binding locations within accessible chromatin regions.

Epigenetic Silencing of BMP6 by the SIN3A-HDAC1/2 Repressor Complex Drives Melanoma Metastasis via FAM83G/PAWS1.

Aberrant epigenetic transcriptional regulation is linked to metastasis, a primary cause of cancer-related death. Dissecting the epigenetic mechanisms controlling metastatic progression may uncover important insights to tumor biology and potential therapeutic targets. Here, we investigated the role of the SIN3A histone deacetylase 1 and 2 (SIN3A-HDAC1/2) complex in cancer metastasis.

Ceftaroline fosamil for the treatment of hospital-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia.

Objectives: Ceftaroline fosamil is a novel cephalosporin with bactericidal activity against common pathogens associated with hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Ceftaroline is inactive against extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing or AmpC-overexpressing Enterobacteriaceae and has limited activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. CAPTURE is a multicenter, retrospective study designed to collect information on contemporary clinical use of ceftaroline fosamil in the USA.

Ceftaroline fosamil for the treatment of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia in the intensive care unit.

The Clinical Assessment Program and Teflaro(®) Utilization Registry (CAPTURE) is a multicenter study evaluating the clinical use of ceftaroline fosamil in patients with community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP) or acute bacterial skin and skin structure infection. Data were collected between August 2011 and February 2013, from 398 evaluable patients receiving treatment at 33 sites in the USA. This manuscript presents data collected from patients with CABP who received care in an intensive care unit (ICU) or in general medical wards (35% and 64% of evaluable patients, respectively).

Ceftaroline fosamil as first-line versus second-line treatment for acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI) or community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP).

The Clinical Assessment Program and Teflaro(®) Utilization Registry (CAPTURE) is a multicenter registry study of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infection (ABSSSI) and community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP) patients treated with ceftaroline fosamil in the US. Data for this analysis were collected between August 2011 and February 2013 at US study centres by randomly ordered chart review. Clinical success rates among ABSSSI patients were >81% when ceftaroline fosamil was used as first- or second-line therapy, including monotherapy and concurrent therapy.

Ceftaroline Fosamil for the Treatment of Bacteremia Secondary to Acute Bacterial Skin and Skin Structure Infections or Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia.

Background: The Clinical Assessment Program and Teflaro® Utilization Registry is designed to collect information on the clinical use of ceftaroline fosamil in the Unites States. This report presents data on the treatment of patients with bacteremia (SAB) secondary to acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSIs) or community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP).

Methods: Patients diagnosed with ABSSSI or CABP were identified through sequential review of randomly ordered charts generated from pharmacy listings from August 2011 to February 2013.

Ceftaroline fosamil for treating skin and skin structure infections or community-acquired pneumonia in patients with renal insufficiency.

The Clinical Assessment Program and Teflaro(®) Utilization Registry (CAPTURE) is a multicenter retrospective study, conducted in the USA, describing the contemporary use of ceftaroline fosamil. Ceftaroline is primarily excreted by the kidneys and the dose should be reduced in patients with moderate to severe renal insufficiency. This article describes the clinical effectiveness of ceftaroline fosamil in the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infection (ABSSSI) or community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP) patients with renal insufficiency.

Ceftaroline fosamil for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections in obese patients.

Background: Ceftaroline fosamil is a broad-spectrum antibiotic approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSIs) and community-acquired bacterial pneumonia. The Clinical Assessment Program and Teflaro Utilization Registry (CAPTURE) is a multicenter registry study of patients treated with ceftaroline fosamil in the United States for ABSSSI or community-acquired bacterial pneumonia.

Objective: To describe the clinical effectiveness of ceftaroline fosamil in the treatment of ABSSSI in obese patients [body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30] compared with patients with a normal BMI (18.

Ceftaroline fosamil for the treatment of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia in elderly patients.

The Clinical Assessment Program and Teflaro Utilization Registry (CAPTURE) is a multicenter study, assessing the contemporary use of ceftaroline fosamil in patients with community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP) or acute bacterial skin and skin structure infection. This article discusses the data collected from 528 evaluable patients with CABP, from 39 sites in the United States, between August 2011 and April 2013. The majority of patients (51%) were elderly (aged ≥ 65 years), most of whom were treated in general hospital wards (70%).

Contemporary use of ceftaroline fosamil for the treatment of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia: CAPTURE study experience.

The Clinical Assessment Program and Teflaro(®) Utilization Registry (CAPTURE) is a multicenter cohort study designed to collect information on the contemporary use of ceftaroline fosamil in the US. Data collected from 398 evaluable patients with community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP) (mean age 64 years) during the first 18 months of the study are presented. Most patients had co-morbidities (76%; primarily structural lung disease), and ≧2 signs and symptoms of CABP (76%).

MassSQUIRM: An assay for quantitative measurement of lysine demethylase activity.

In eukaryotes, DNA is wrapped around proteins called histones and is condensed into chromatin. Post-translational modification of histones can result in changes in gene expression. One of the most well-studied histone modifications is the methylation of lysine 4 on histone H3 (H3K4).

Time trend and geographic patterns of lung adenocarcinoma in the United States, 1973-2002.

Objective: To find the major factor explaining the substantial increase in incidence of adenocarcinoma of the lung (ADL), we observed its temporal trend, distributions in geographic areas and populations, and compared them with the distributions of air pollution and low-tar cigarette consumption in time, place, and populations.

Methods: The temporal and spatial patterns of ADL were compared with the level of nitrogen oxides (NO(x)) emissions as well as the use of low-tar cigarettes.

Results: Similar increasing trends followed by declining trends were seen in emission levels of NO(x) and ADL incidence rates.

Human rights and the national interest: migrants, healthcare and social justice.

The UK government has recently taken steps to exclude certain groups of migrants from free treatment under the National Health Service, most controversially from treatment for HIV. Whether this discrimination can have any coherent ethical basis is questioned in this paper. The exclusion of migrants of any status from any welfare system cannot be ethically justified because the distinction between citizens and migrants cannot be an ethical one.

A novel hemoglobin-based blood substitute protects against myocardial reperfusion injury.

HBOC-201 (Biopure; Cambridge, MA) is a glutaraldehyde-polymerized bovine hemoglobin (Hb) solution that is stroma free, has lower viscosity than blood, and promotes O(2) unloading. We investigated the effects of HBOC-201 in a canine model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Dogs were anesthetized and subjected to 90 min of regional myocardial ischemia and 270 min of reperfusion.

Quantitative analysis of single- vs. multiple-set programs in resistance training.

The purpose of this study was to examine the existing research on single-set vs. multiple-set resistance training programs. Using the meta-analytic approach, we included studies that met the following criteria in our analysis: (a) at least 6 subjects per group; (b) subject groups consisting of single-set vs.