START - physical exercise and person-centred cognitive skills training as treatment for adult ADHD: protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Core symptoms in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity. Many individuals with this disorder also have a sedentary lifestyle, co-morbid mental illness such as depressive and anxiety disorders, and reduced quality of life. People with ADHD often have impaired executive function, which among other things may include difficulty in time management and structuring of everyday life.

Mapping the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0) onto SF-6D Using Swedish General Population Data.

Background And Objective: Mapping algorithms can be used for estimating quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) when studies apply non-preference-based instruments. In this study, we estimate a regression-based algorithm for mapping between the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0) and the preference-based instrument SF-6D to obtain preference estimates usable in health economic evaluations.

The Cost-Effectiveness of a Dance and Yoga Intervention for Girls with Functional Abdominal Pain Disorders.

Background: Functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPDs) affect children worldwide, being more prevalent among girls. The individual and societal burdens of the disease are substantial, and evidence-based interventions are needed. Non-pharmacological treatments have generally produced promising results, with dance and yoga specifically having potential as an effective treatment option.

"Healthy Kids"-A capacity building approach for the early childhood education and care sector.

Issue Addressed: Queensland children have a higher level of developmental vulnerability compared to the Australian average. This paper reports on Healthy Kids-a capacity building strategy for the early childhood education and care (ECEC) sector targeting communities experiencing socio-economic and child development vulnerabilities. These communities may face additional barriers when engaging and participating in health promotion models.

Dance and yoga reduced functional abdominal pain in young girls: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPDs) affect children, especially girls, all over the world. The evidence for existing treatments is mixed, and effective accessible treatments are needed. Dance, a rhythmic cardio-respiratory activity, combined with yoga, which enhances relaxation and focus, may provide physiological and psychological benefits that could help to ease pain.

Adolescent depression and adult labor market marginalization: a longitudinal cohort study.

Adolescent depression is linked to adult ill-health and functional impairment, but recent research suggests that individual/contextual factors might account for this association. This study aimed to test whether the clinical heterogeneity of adolescent depression is related to marginalization from the labor market across early to middle adulthood. Data were drawn from the Uppsala Longitudinal Adolescent Depression Study, a community-based cohort initially assessed with structured clinical interviews at age 16-17.

Adolescent depression, early psychiatric comorbidities, and adulthood welfare burden: a 25-year longitudinal cohort study.

Purpose: Depression at all ages is recognized as a global public health concern, but less is known about the welfare burden following early-life depression. This study aimed to (1) estimate the magnitude of associations between depression in adolescence and social transfer payments in adulthood; and (2) address the impact of major comorbid psychopathology on these associations.

Methods: This is a longitudinal cohort study of 539 participants assessed at age 16-17 using structured diagnostic interviews.

An Intervention With Dance and Yoga for Girls With Functional Abdominal Pain Disorders (Just in TIME): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPDs) affect many children worldwide, predominantly girls, and cause considerable long-term negative consequences for individuals and society. Evidence-based and cost-effective treatments are therefore strongly needed. Physical activity has shown promising effects in the practical management of FAPDs.

Cost-effectiveness of an indicated preventive intervention for depression in adolescents: a model to support decision making.

Background: Adolescent depression has negative health and economic outcomes in the short- and long-term. Indicated preventive interventions, in particular group based cognitive behavioural therapy (GB-CBT), are effective in preventing depression in adolescents with subsyndromal depression. However, little is known about the cost-effectiveness of these interventions.

Adolescent depression and subsequent earnings across early to middle adulthood: a 25-year longitudinal cohort study.

Aims: The few available studies on early-onset depression and future earnings offer ambiguous findings, and potential sources of heterogeneity are poorly understood. We examined the differences in adult earnings of males and females with and without a history of depressive disorder in adolescence, with specific focuses on (1) future earnings in clinical subtypes of adolescent depression; (2) the growth and distribution of earnings over time within these subgroups and (3) the mediating role of subsequent depressive episodes occurring in early adulthood.

Methods: Data were drawn from the Uppsala Longitudinal Adolescent Depression Study, a community-based cohort study initiated in Uppsala, Sweden, in the early 1990s.

Depressive disorders in adolescence, recurrence in early adulthood, and healthcare usage in mid-adulthood: A longitudinal cost-of-illness study.

Background: Depression in adolescence is associated with increased healthcare consumption in adulthood, but prior research has not recognized the heterogeneity of depressive disorders. This paper investigated the additional healthcare usage and related costs in mid-adulthood for individuals with adolescent depression, and examined the mediating role of subsequent depression in early adulthood.

Methods: This study was based on the Uppsala Longitudinal Adolescent Depression Study, initiated in Sweden in the early 1990s.

Uppsala Longitudinal Adolescent Depression Study (ULADS).

Purpose: To present the Uppsala Longitudinal Adolescent Depression Study, initiated in Uppsala, Sweden, in the early 1990s. The initial aim of this epidemiological investigation was to study the prevalence, characteristics and correlates of adolescent depression, and has subsequently expanded to include a broad range of social, economic and health-related long-term outcomes and cost-of-illness analyses.

Participants: The source population was first-year students (aged 16-17) in upper-secondary schools in Uppsala during 1991-1992, of which 2300 (93%) were screened for depression.

Renal elimination of ceftazidime during pregnancy.

Objective: Our purpose was to study the pharmacokinetics of ceftazidime at different stages of pregnancy and in the nonpregnant state to determine whether glomerular filtration rate is altered and whether tubular secretions occurs.

Study Design: Twelve pregnant women with asymptomatic bacteruria were given a bolus dose of 400 mg of ceftazidime followed by a constant infusion for 4 hours. Inulin was infused simultaneously to determine glomerular filtration rate.

Intraocular levels of cefuroxime in inflamed rabbit eyes.

The pharmacokinetics of cefuroxime was studied in the inflamed rabbit eye employing subconjunctival, intravitreal and combined intravitreal-intravenous routes of administration to study the intraocular levels and the duration of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the antibiotic in the vitreous and in the aqueous. A standard inoculum of viable S. aureus was injected into the vitreous of 36 pigmented rabbits to establish experimental endophthalmitis.

Antibiotic treatment in Lyme borreliosis.

Before the etiology of Lyme borreliosis became known, its human manifestations were most often treated with penicillin. Treatment was mostly successful, in spite of the fact that lower doses were generally used, but the doses were given with shorter intervals. Lately, other antibiotics have been tried, more or less successfully, but there is still no consensus as to which--if any--antibiotic is superior to others, or if one manifestation of the infection is better treated than another with a particular antibiotic.

Role of aqueous and vitreous cultures in diagnosing infectious endophthalmitis in rabbits.

Staph.aureus endophthalmitis was induced in both eyes of 32 rabbits. Endophthalmitis developed in all the 64 eyes within 24-36 h.

Intraocular levels of cefuroxime in uninflamed rabbit eyes.

Intraocular levels of cefuroxime following subconjunctival, intravitreal and combined intravitreal and intravenous administration were determined in uninflamed rabbit eyes. Intraocular levels of the antibiotic were assayed by a biological method. Penetration of cefuroxime into the vitreous following subconjunctival administration was poor.

Visual outcome of endophthalmitis in Sweden.

A retrospective study of 62 cases of clinically diagnosed endophthalmitis (EO) reported from 24 clinics in Sweden was carried out. Both culture negative and positive cases were included. The function of the eye was lost in 34% of all cases, while vision better than 0.

Incidence of endophthalmitis in Sweden.

A retrospective review of all suspected and proven cases of endophthalmitis (EO) during a period of 18 months in Sweden is presented. This period covered the time of transition in the surgical technique at a large number of clinics. Sixty-two cases of EO were reported out of which 52 were post-operative.

Oral trimethoprim as follow-up treatment of meningitis caused by Listeria monocytogenes.

Successful treatment of meningitis and septicemia caused by Listeria monocytogenes with intravenous trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole has previously been reported. This case report of a 13-year-old boy with meningitis caused by Listeria monocytogenes documents complete cure with 6 days of intravenously administered trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole followed by orally administered trimethoprim as monotherapy.

Comparison of the pharmacokinetics of cephradine and cefazolin in pregnant and non-pregnant women.

The pharmacokinetics of cephradine, a cephalosporin with a low degree of protein binding, was studied in 12 women after oral and intravenous administration of the drug during and after pregnancy. Six of the 12 women also received a cephalosporin with a high degree of protein binding, cefazolin, intravenously during and after pregnancy. For both drugs most pharmacokinetic parameters were altered in pregnancy.