Intraoperative electron radiotherapy in early invasive ductal breast cancer: 6-year median follow-up results of a prospective monocentric registry.

Background: Intraoperative electron radiotherapy (IOERT) can be used to treat early breast cancer during the conservative surgery thus enabling shorter overall treatment times and reduced irradiation of organs at risk. We report on our first 996 patients enrolled prospectively in a registry trial.

Methods: At Jules Bordet Institute, from February 2010 onwards, patients underwent partial IOERT of the breast.

Unintended dose to the lower axilla in adjuvant radiotherapy for breast cancer: Differences between tangential beam and VMAT.

Background And Purpose: To evaluate dosimetric differences in unintended dose to the lower axilla between 3D-standard (3DCRT), tangential beam forward intensity modulated radiotherapy (F-IMRT) and volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT). The objective is to evaluate whether results of clinical trials, such as the ACOSOG-Z011 trial, that evaluated omission of axillary clearance can be extrapolated towards more conformal techniques like VMAT.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-five consecutive patients treated with whole breast radiotherapy alone (WBRT) using a F-IMRT technique were identified.

Monte Carlo dose calculations of shielding disks with different material combinations in intraoperative electron radiation therapy (IOERT).

Purpose: Shielding disks play an important role in intraoperative electron radiation therapy, and different designs are currently used in clinical practice. This paper investigates the dosimetric impact of the shielding disk used during intraoperative electron radiation therapy (IOERT).

Materials And Methods: This paper focuses on the study of four shielding disks types that have been used in our clinic: Aluminum (Al)/Lead (Pb), PMMA/Copper(Cu)/PMMA, Aluminum (Al)/Copper (Cu) and Aluminum (Al)/Steel with their specific thicknesses.

3D Monte Carlo dosimetry of intraoperative electron radiation therapy (IOERT).

Purpose: This paper studies the feasibility of using Monte Carlo (MC) for treatment planning of intraoperative electron radiation therapy (IOERT) procedure to get 3D dose by using patient's CT images.

Methods: The IOERT treatment planning was performed using the following successive steps: I) The Mobetron 1000® machine was modelled with the EGSnrc MC codes. II) The MC model was validated with measurements of percentage depth doses and profiles for three energies (12, 9, 6) MeV.

Shielding disk position in intra-operative electron radiotherapy (IOERT): A Monte Carlo study.

Purpose: In IOERT breast treatments, a shielding disk is frequently used to protect the underlying healthy structures. The disk is usually composed of two materials, a low-Z material intended to be oriented towards the beam and a high-Z material. As tissues are repositioned around the shield before treatment, the disk is no longer visible and its correct alignment with respect to the beam is guaranteed.

[Not Available].

Male breast cancer is a rare disease, accounting for less than 1% of all breast cancer cases. It is often diagnosed late, at a more advanced stage than its female counterpart. Therefore, it is more commonly treated with mastectomy.

Special focus on cardiac toxicity of different sequences of adjuvant doxorubicin/docetaxel/CMF regimens combined with radiotherapy in breast cancer patients.

Background And Purpose: Cardiac toxicity associated with anthracyclines and taxanes and/or radiotherapy (RT) can be life-threatening and can adversely affect quality of life. The aim was to evaluate treatment-related cardiac toxicity in breast cancer patients treated with doxorubicin/docetaxel/CMF sequential or combined regimens and RT.

Methods And Materials: From 1996 to 1998, 64 patients with stages II-III breast cancer were included in a pilot study that investigated the efficacy/feasibility of sequential and combined doxorubicin/docetaxel/CMF regimens.

HSP110, caspase-3 and -9 expression in physiological apoptosis and apoptosis induced by in vivo embryonic exposition to all-trans retinoic acid or irradiation during early mouse eye development.

Apoptosis is an essential physiological process in embryonic development. In the developing eye of vertebrates, three periods of developmental apoptosis can be distinguished: early, intermediate and later. Within the apoptosis pathway, caspases play a crucial role.

Correlation of Hsp110 expression with caspase-3 and -9 during apoptosis induced by in vivo embryonic exposition to retinoic acid or irradiation in early mouse craniofacial development.

Objective: To analyze the expression and role of three proteins (HSP110, caspase-3 and caspase-9) during craniofacial development.

Design: Seven pregnant C57Bl/6J mice received, by force-feeding at gestation day 9 (E9), 80 mg/kg of all-trans retinoic acid mixed to sesame oil. Seven pregnant NMRI mice received two grays irradiation at the same gestation day.

[Neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy and surgery of locally advanced cervical carcinoma: review of 22 patients treated at the Bordet Institute].

Objectives: Concomitant chemoradiation is the "new gold standard" for dealing with locally advanced cervical carcinoma, but what about surgery? We don't know yet to what extent surgery is necessary and how radical it must be when it is performed. In this study, we present the analysis of the results obtained in patients treated by concomitant chemoradiation followed by radical surgery.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-two patients, median age 49 years, with I(b) - III(a) cervical tumors were enrolled to be treated by concomitant chemoradiation followed by radical surgery.

[Expression of caspase 3 and p53 during physiological apoptosis and apoptosis induced by three teratologic agents during early craniofacial development of the mouse embryo].

The neural crest-derived mesectoderm gives rise to physiologic apoptosis areas in early vertebrate embryos. Certain teratologic agents increase this phenomenon. The purpose of this work was to detect caspase 3 (which is associated with the apoptosis cascade) and p53 in cell death areas, both during physiological apoptosis and during apoptosis induced by three agents (retinoic acid, methyl-triazene, irradiation).

[Why radiation for the postmastectomy patient?].

We can identify a subgroup of patients with a high risk of loco-regional relapse after mastectomy. When those patients are irradiated, their absolute loco-regional relapse risk drops for more than 10% with a relative risk reduction of 66% (p < 0.0001).

Effects of irradiation on facial development in mouse embryos.

The purpose of this study was to observe the effects of irradiation on the craniofacial development of NMRI mouse embryos. Two populations of pregnant mice were irradiated with a single dose of 2 Gray on day 8 of gestation for the first population (Po. 1) and on day 9 of gestation for the second population (Po.

Effects of irradiation and methyl-triazene on craniofacial development in mouse embryos: a semiautomated morphometric analysis.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was a 2D-semiautomated morphometric analysis of craniofacial growth in nuclear magnetic resonance imaged (NMRI) mouse embryos.

Methods: The NMRI mouse embryos were exposed in utero to either a single dose of 2 Gy X-irradiation on day 9 of gestation (113 embryos) or to 1.5 mg methyl-triazene administered orally to their pregnant mothers on gestational day 10.

[What is the role of radiotherapy in the treatment of breast cancer in 1995?].

In 1995, radiotherapy continues to remain one important component in the treatment of breast cancer both for the breast conserving approach and after a mastectomy in case of more locally advanced disease: it helps to improve the local control and so to safe more breast or to avoid a relapse in the mastectomy scar, a source of distress for the woman. Nevertheless, this modality requires a precise technique and integration with surgery and chemotherapy. Besides this curative approach, radiotherapy plays an important role in the treatment of brain or bone metastases where it is quite useful to improve the patient's quality of life.

The place for surgery in central recurrences of invasive cancer of cervix uteri.

Between 1988 and 1991, at the Jules Bordet Institute in Brussels, 11 patients were submitted to a surgical treatment due to an uterus cervix central recurrence. The majority were of the epidermoid type. The primary stage of the lesion at the moment of diagnosis varied from stage Ib to stage IIIb lesions.

The phosphatidylcholine metabolism in the renal tissue during experimental acute and chronic pyelonephritis in the rabbit.

In 139 adult male rabbits unilateral pyelonephritis (PN) was induced. In a broad spectrum of enzymes and phospholipids also the content of phosphatidylcholine (PC) was determined. Only these latter values are reported here.

Renal fumarase-activities during experimental and chronic human pyelonephritis.

In chronic experimental and human pyelonephritis (PN) renal enzyme and phosphatide analyses as well as quantitative histological examinations were performed simultaneously. The results reported in this study only refer to fumarase (FUM) activities. Glomerular FUM-activities initially increased steeply up to 31 days, thereafter the values decreased, but being still elevated till 212 days.

Citrate-synthase activities in the renal tissue during experimental and chronic human pyelonephritis.

In chronic experimental and human pyelonephritis (PN) renal enzyme and phosphatide analyses and quantitative histological examinations were performed. The results reported in this study only refer to citrate-synthase activities (= condensing enzyme = CE). 139 rabbits developed unilateral experimental pyelonephritis, in further 19 rabbits the experimental PN did not settle or "healed up spontaneously".

[The maximum adsorptive capacities of three activated carbons produced in the GDR for barbiturates, other hypnotics and tranquilizers from aqueous and low-percentage ethanolic solutions (author's transl)].

A standardized stirred-batch experiment has been performed to determine the maximum adsorptive capacities of three activated carbons (R4, ASO and walnut coal) produced in the GDR for acetylsalicylic acid, methylsalicylate, phenobarbital, crotylbarbital, hexobarbital, pentobarbital, glutethimide, chlorophenethazine and methaqualone from aqueous and low-percentage ethanolic solutions. The activated carbon ASO and the walnut coal have always been found to be markedly superior to the activeated coal R 4. The maximum adsorptive capacities so far determined compare with data on activated carbons produced abroad, so that further developmental work seems worthwhile.