Prevalence and impact of hyperandrogenemia in 1,218 women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Hyperandrogenemia modifies phenotypic characteristics of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The aim of the present study is to evaluate (a) the prevalence of hyperandrogenemia in PCOS women (Rotterdam criteria) and (b) the impact of either the degree or the type of hyperandrogenemia on phenotype. Anthropometric, clinical, hormonal, metabolic and ultrasound characteristics of 1,218 women with PCOS were analyzed in this cross-sectional study.

Vitamin D and glycemic control in diabetes mellitus type 2.

Objectives: The extraskeletal effects of vitamin D have attracted considerable interest. Vitamin D deficiency appears to be related to the development of diabetes mellitus type 2 and the metabolic syndrome. Vitamin D may affect glucose homeostasis, vitamin D levels having been found to be inversely related to glycosylated hemoglobin levels in gestational diabetes mellitus.

Evolution of sonographic appearance of the thyroid gland in children with Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

Background: Although thyroid ultrasound is a valuable tool for the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), classical sonographic findings are not always present.

Aim: To calculate the time needed for children with HT and normal ultrasound at diagnosis to develop characteristic sonographic findings.

Patients And Methods: 105 children (23 male and 82 female) with HT (mean age 9.

Herpes virus antibodies seroprevalence in children with autoimmune thyroid disease.

Background: Elevated titers of antibodies against different herpes virus antigens have been reported in some immunodeficient and systemic autoimmune disorders.

Objective: To examine if Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and cytomegalovirus (CMV) IgG and IgM antibodies are detected more frequently in children with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) compared to controls.

Subjects And Methods: Thirty-four children with AITD, aged 9.

A rare RET gene exon 8 mutation is found in two Greek kindreds with familial medullary thyroid carcinoma: implications for screening.

Objective: Familial medullary thyroid carcinoma (FMTC) is caused by germ-line mutations in the RET proto-oncogene. These mutations concern mainly cysteine residues in exons 10 and 11, whereas noncysteine mutations in exons 13-16 are rare. Mutations in other exons have been reported only in isolated families.

Effect of primary hyperparathyroidism on volumetric bone mineral density and bone geometry assessed by peripheral quantitative computed tomography in postmenopausal women.

Context: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PH) is characterized by inappropriate PTH elevation with or without hypercalcemia. Bone disease involves catabolic action at cortical sites, whereas cancellous sites and geometry might be relatively preserved.

Objective: Our objective was to examine the effect of PH on quantitative and qualitative bone characteristics using peripheral quantitative computed tomography at the tibia in postmenopausal women with PH and healthy controls.