Epidemiological analysis of nail aspergillosis and non-dermatophyte moulds. Criteria for the involvement of Aspergillus in 102 cases of onychomycosis at Montpellier University Hospital, France (1991-2019).

Background: Moulds are often wrongly considered contaminants, not very sensitive to conventional antifungal treatments, but they may cause ungual hyphomycosis, particularly Aspergillus. Due to the lack of precise diagnostic criteria, their real impact is underestimated.

Objectives: Retrospective descriptive analysis of all ungual hyphomycosis cases diagnosed at Montpellier Hospital from 1991 to 2019 to: (i) determine the incidence of onychomycosis by pseudo-dermatophytes and moulds; (ii) perform an epidemiological analysis of nail aspergillosis; and (iii) provide simple criteria for mould involvement in onychopathy.

Emerging Invasive Fungal Infections in Critically Ill Patients: Incidence, Outcomes and Prognosis Factors, a Case-Control Study.

Comprehensive data on emerging invasive fungal infections (EIFIs) in the critically ill are scarce. We conducted a case-control study to characterize EIFIs in patients admitted to a French medical ICU teaching hospital from 2006 to 2019. Among 6900 patients, 26 (4 per 1000) had an EIFI: accounted for half, and other isolates were mainly , and .

Pulmonary cryptococcosis in a patient with Crohn's disease treated with prednisone, azathioprine and adalimumab: exposure to chicken manure as a source of contamination.

Background: Biotherapies targeting TNFα were proven to be effective in the most severe cases of Crohn's Disease, a chronic granulomatous inflammatory bowel disease that can involve any portion of the digestive tract. The tolerance of anti-TNFα therapy is usually good, although several infectious complications have been reported with these drugs.

Methods: We report a case of a Crohn's disease patient who developed pulmonary cryptococcosis following chicken manure exposition while he received adalimumab and azathioprine.

Risk zones of human Leishmaniases in the Western Mediterranean basin: correlations between vector sand flies, bioclimatology and phytosociology.

Correspondence analysis was applied to sand fly sampling in 865 stations from the Western Mediterranean basin. The position of each of 24 species was determined with respect to the bioclimatic belts. Thus, the multidimensional analyses manifest clear correlations between bioclimatic belts and their expression in the area, the phytosociological groupings, and vector species of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniases.