Sleep-wake disturbances 3 years after traumatic brain injury.

Background: 6 months after traumatic brain injury (TBI), almost three out of four patients suffer from sleep-wake disturbances (SWD) such as post-traumatic hypersomnia (increased sleep need of ≥2 h compared with before injury), excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), fatigue and insomnia. The long-term course of post-traumatic SWD, however, is unknown.

Objectives: To assess the prevalence and characteristics of post-traumatic SWD 3 years after trauma.