Alignment between greenhouse gas emissions reduction and adherence the EAT-Lancet diet: A modeling study based on the NutriNet-Santé cohort.

The potential of the EAT-Lancet reference diet, which promotes a healthy diet within planetary limits, to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHGe) remains understudied. This study examines the role of nutritional and acceptability constraints in reducing GHGe through diet optimization, and tests the alignment between GHGe reduction and the EAT-Lancet score. The study used data from 29,413 NutriNet-Santé participants to model French diets and evaluate their environmental, nutritional, economic, and health impact.

Association between dietary pesticide exposure profiles and body weight change in French adults: Results from the NutriNet-Santé cohort.

Background: Pesticides cause a wide range of deleterious health effects, including metabolic disorders. Little is known about the effects of dietary pesticide exposure on body weight (BW) change in the general population. We aimed to investigate the role of dietary pesticide exposure in BW change among NutriNet-Santé participants, focusing on potential sexual dimorphism.

Environmental pressures and pesticide exposure associated with an increase in the share of plant-based foods in the diet.

Diets rich in plant-based foods are encouraged for human health and to preserve resources and the environment but the nutritional quality and safety of such diets is debated. This study aimed to model nutritionally adequate diets with increasing plant food content and to characterise the derived diets using a multicriteria approach including, nutrients intake, environmental pressures and exposure to pesticides. Using data of the NutriNet-Santé cohort (N = 29,413), we implemented stepwise optimization models to identified maximum plant-food content under nutritional constraints.

The nature of protein intake as a discriminating factor of diet sustainability: a multi-criteria approach.

Animal production is responsible for 56-58% of the GHG emissions and limiting meat consumption would strongly contribute to reducing human health risks in Western countries. This study aimed to investigate the nature of protein intake as a discriminating factor for diets' sustainability. Using data from 29,210 French adults involved in the NutriNet-Santé cohort, we identified clusters according to 23 protein sources.

Sustainability analysis of the Mediterranean diet: results from the French NutriNet-Santé study.

The Mediterranean diet is often proposed as a sustainable diet model. This study aimed to evaluate the associations between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and sustainability domains in a cohort of French adults, using multiple criteria including nutritional quality, environmental pressures, monetary cost and dietary pesticide exposure. Food intakes of 29 210 NutriNet-Santé volunteers were assessed in 2014 using a semi-quantitative FFQ.

Higher adherence to the EAT-Lancet reference diet is associated with higher nutrient adequacy in the NutriNet-Santé cohort: a cross-sectional study.

Background: In 2019, the EAT-Lancet Commission proposed a planetary and healthy reference diet; however, its nutritional quality has been rarely evaluated.

Objective: Across different adherence levels to the EAT-Lancet reference diet, the following were our objectives:1) describe the food and nutritional intakes of the French population, 2) evaluate the nutrient quality, and 3) investigate the consistency between the French national recommendations and the EAT-Lancet reference diet.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among participants of the NutriNet-Santé cohort, and the sample was weighted on the characteristics of the general French population.

Associations between measures of socio-economic position and sustainable dietary patterns in the NutriNet-Santé study.

Objective: We aimed to explore the relationship between socio-economic characteristics and sustainable dietary patterns.

Design: Dietary data were derived from a web-based FFQ. Diet sustainability was evaluated using a modified Sustainable Diet Index, comprising nutritional, environmental and cultural components (higher scores expressing higher sustainability).

Nutritionally adequate and environmentally respectful diets are possible for different diet groups: an optimized study from the NutriNet-Santé cohort.

Background: Research has shown that vegetarian diets have a low environmental impact, but few studies have examined the environmental impacts and nutritional adequacy of these diets together, even though vegetarian diets can lead to nutritional issues.

Objectives: Our objective was to optimize and compare 6 types of diets with varying degrees of plant foods (lacto-, ovolacto-, and pescovegetarian diets and diets with low, medium, and high meat content) under nutritional constraints.

Methods: Consumption data in 30,000 participants were derived from the French NutriNet-Santé cohort using an FFQ.

Association between adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet and risk of cancer and cardiovascular outcomes in the prospective NutriNet-Santé cohort.

Background: The EAT-Lancet commission proposed, in 2019, a planetary, healthy, and universal dietary pattern. However, this diet has rarely been studied in relation to various health outcomes.

Objectives: We aimed to prospectively estimate the association between the EAT-Lancet diet and cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.

Key Findings of the French BioNutriNet Project on Organic Food-Based Diets: Description, Determinants, and Relationships to Health and the Environment.

Few studies have investigated the relationships between organic food consumption, dietary patterns, monetary diet cost, health, and the environment. To address these issues, a consortium of French epidemiologists, nutritionists, economists, and toxicologists launched the BioNutriNet project in 2013. In 2014, an FFQ documented the usual organic and nonorganic (conventional) food consumption of approximately 35,000 NutriNet-Santé participants.

Are recent dietary changes observed in the NutriNet-Santé participants healthier and more sustainable?

Purpose: While intensive modern food systems have significant unfavourable impacts on health and the environment, new sustainable food consumption trends have been emerging in recent years. This study identified recent dietary trends over a 4-year period in terms of overall dietary patterns and organic foods consumption and associated socio-demographic determinants.

Methods: Food intakes were assessed among 18,108 participants of the NutriNet-Santé cohort in 2014 and 2018.

Halving food-related greenhouse gas emissions can be achieved by redistributing meat consumption: Progressive optimization results of the NutriNet-Santé cohort.

Background: Diet-related greenhouse gas emissions (GHGe) mainly comes from animal-sourced foods. As progressive changes are more acceptable for a sustainable food transition, we aimed to identify nutritionally adequate and culturally acceptable optimized diets ensuring a gradual reduction in GHGe, using observed diet from a large sample of French adults, while considering the mode of food production (organic vs conventional farming) and the co-production link between milk and beef.

Material And Method: Based on the consumption of 257 organic and conventional foods among 29,413 participants (75% women, age: 53.

Conservative to disruptive diets for optimizing nutrition, environmental impacts and cost in French adults from the NutriNet-Santé cohort.

Improving the sustainability of diets requires the identification of diets that meet the nutritional requirements of populations, promote health, are within planetary boundaries, are affordable and are acceptable. Here we explore the extent to which dimensions of sustainability could be optimally aligned and identify more sustainable dietary solutions, from the most conservative to the most disruptive, among 12,166 participants of the NutriNet-Santé cohort. We aim to concomitantly lower environmental impacts (including greenhouse gas emissions, cumulative energy demand and land occupation), increase organic food consumption and study departure from observed diets (considered as a proxy for acceptability).

Prospective associations between sustainable dietary pattern assessed with the Sustainable Diet Index (SDI) and risk of cancer and cardiovascular diseases in the French NutriNet-Santé cohort.

To ensure a sustainable development, it is essential to better characterize the relationships between diet sustainability and health. We investigated the associations between sustainable dietary patterns, assessed using the Sustainable Diet Index (SDI) and the risk of cancer and cardiovascular diseases in a large prospective cohort of French volunteers. We computed the SDI among 25,592 participants of the NutriNet-Santé cohort using a database developed within the BioNutriNet project comprising nutritional, behavioral, environmental and economic data.

Association between sustainable dietary patterns and body weight, overweight, and obesity risk in the NutriNet-Santé prospective cohort.

Background: Improving the sustainability of current food systems may prevent future public health, environmental, and social concerns.

Objective: Our objective was to investigate the associations between sustainable dietary patterns, assessed using the Sustainable Diet Index (SDI), and the risk of obesity, overweight, and weight gain in French adults, with a prospective design.

Methods: In 2014, the SDI was computed among 15,626 participants of the NutriNet-Santé study (of whom 76% were women) using data collected within the BioNutriNet project.

Improvement of diet sustainability with increased level of organic food in the diet: findings from the BioNutriNet cohort.

Background: Organic food consumption has steadily increased over the past decade in westernized countries.

Objective: The aim of this study, based on observational data, was to compare some sustainability features of diets from consumers with varying levels of organic food.

Methods: The diet sustainability among 29,210 participants of the NutriNet-Santé study was estimated using databases developed within the BioNutriNet project.

Development and validation of an individual sustainable diet index in the NutriNet-Santé study cohort.

In the current context of unsustainable food systems, we aimed to develop and validate an index, the sustainable diet index (SDI), assessing the sustainability of dietary patterns, including multidimensional individual indicators of sustainability. Based on the FAO's definition of sustainable diets, the SDI includes seven indicators categorised into four standardised sub-indexes, respectively, environmental, nutritional, economic and sociocultural. The index (range: 4-20) was obtained by summing the sub-indexes.

Corrigendum: Environmental Impacts of Plant-Based Diets: How Does Organic Food Consumption Contribute to Environmental Sustainability?

[This corrects the article on p. 8 in vol. 5, PMID: 29479530.

Environmental Impacts of Plant-Based Diets: How Does Organic Food Consumption Contribute to Environmental Sustainability?

Background: Studies investigating diet-related environmental impacts have rarely considered the production method of the foods consumed. The objective of the present study, based on the NutriNet-Santé cohort, was to investigate the relationship between a provegetarian score and diet-related environmental impacts. We also evaluated potential effect modifications on the association between a provegetarian score and the environmental impacts of organic food consumption.

Farmland biodiversity and agricultural management on 237 farms in 13 European and two African regions.

Farmland is a major land cover type in Europe and Africa and provides habitat for numerous species. The severe decline in farmland biodiversity of the last decades has been attributed to changes in farming practices, and organic and low-input farming are assumed to mitigate detrimental effects of agricultural intensification on biodiversity. Since the farm enterprise is the primary unit of agricultural decision making, management-related effects at the field scale need to be assessed at the farm level.

Gains to species diversity in organically farmed fields are not propagated at the farm level.

Organic farming is promoted to reduce environmental impacts of agriculture, but surprisingly little is known about its effects at the farm level, the primary unit of decision making. Here we report the effects of organic farming on species diversity at the field, farm and regional levels by sampling plants, earthworms, spiders and bees in 1470 fields of 205 randomly selected organic and nonorganic farms in twelve European and African regions. Species richness is, on average, 10.