When and Why Threats Go Undetected: Impacts of Event Rate and Shift Length on Threat Detection Accuracy During Airport Baggage Screening.

Objective: We aimed to assess the impact of task demands and individual characteristics on threat detection in baggage screeners.

Background: Airport security staff work under time constraints to ensure optimal threat detection. Understanding the impact of individual characteristics and task demands on performance is vital to ensure accurate threat detection.

Evaluation of screening tests for predicting older driver performance and safety assessed by an on-road test.

A number of tests and test batteries are available for the prediction of older driver safety, but many of these have not been validated against standardized driving outcome measures. The aim of this study was to evaluate a series of previously described screening tests in terms of their ability to predict the potential for safe and unsafe driving. Participants included 79 community-dwelling older drivers (M=72.

Not all older adults have insight into their driving abilities: evidence from an on-road assessment and implications for policy.

Purpose: To compare self-reported driving ability with objective measures of on-road driving performance in a large cohort of older drivers.

Methods: Two hundred and seventy community-living adults aged 70-88 years recruited via the electoral roll completed a standardized assessment of on-road driving performance and questionnaires determining perceptions of their own driving ability, confidence, and driving difficulties. Retrospective self-reported crash data over the previous 5 years were recorded.

The on-road difficulties of older drivers and their relationship with self-reported motor vehicle crashes.

Objectives: To quantify the driving difficulties of older adults using a detailed assessment of driving performance and to link this with self-reported retrospective and prospective crashes.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: On-road driving assessment.

Drivers' and cyclists' experiences of sharing the road: incidents, attitudes and perceptions of visibility.

This study explored the beliefs and attitudes of cyclists and drivers regarding cyclist visibility, use of visibility aids and crashes involving cyclists and motorists. Data are presented for 1460 participants (622 drivers and 838 cyclists) and demonstrate that there are high rates of cyclist-vehicle crashes, many of which were reported to be due to the driver not seeing the cyclist in time to avoid a collision. A divergence in attitudes was also apparent in terms of attribution of responsibility in cyclist-vehicle conflicts on the road.

Postural stability and gait among older adults with age-related maculopathy.

Purpose: To assess the postural stability and gait characteristics of adults with age-related maculopathy (ARM) and to identify the visual factors associated with postural stability and gait in this clinical population.

Methods: Participants included 80 individuals with a range of severity of ARM (mean age, 77.2 years).

A multidomain approach for predicting older driver safety under in-traffic road conditions.

Objectives: To identify a battery of tests that predicts safe and unsafe performance on an on-road assessment of driving.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: University laboratory assessment and an on-road driving test.