Larger versus smaller red blood cell volume per transfusion in hospitalized adults, children, and preterm neonates.

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: The objective of this review is to compare the effectiveness and safety of larger versus smaller RBC volume per transfusion for anemia in hospitalized adults, children, and preterm neonates.

Delayed cord clamping in preterm twin infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To compare the effects of delayed cord clamping (DCC) versus early cord clamping (EDD) on all-cause in-hospital mortality and selected morbidities among preterm twin neonates.

Data Sources: A search of PubMed, Ovid Medline, Embase, Cochrane database, Web of Science and CINAHL was conducted in December 2023 for studies comparing DCC to ICC in preterm twin neonates.

Study Eligibility Criteria: Studies were deemed eligible if they included preterm twin neonates (< 37 weeks of gestation), compared delayed (≥ 30 seconds) vs early (<30 seconds) umbilical cord clamping at delivery and described at least one outcome of interest.

Associations between vitamin D status and biomarkers linked with inflammation in patients with asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of interventional and observational studies.

Background: Numerous studies indicate an association between vitamin D status and inflammatory biomarkers in patients with asthma, but findings are inconsistent. This review aims to summarize the relationship between serum vitamin D status, assessed by 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level, and inflammatory biomarkers in children and adults with asthma.

Methods: A literature search of interventional and observational studies on 25(OH)D up to November 2022 was conducted across six electronic databases.

Executive and attentional functioning interventions in preterm children: a systematic review.

Objective: This systematic review, performed in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines, seeks to summarize the interventions that have been developed in order to improve executive functioning and attention in children born prematurely.

Methods: The PICOS framework helped guide the structure and relevant terms selected for the study. Electronic systematic searches of the databases PubMed (NLM), Ovid Medline, Ovid All EBM Reviews, Ovid Embase, and Ovid PsycINFO were completed in March 2022.

The Effects of Cycle Ergometer Versus Treadmill Exercise Stress Testing on QTc Interval Prolongation in Patients With Long QT Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: The safest and most effective exercise stress tests (EST) modalities for long QT syndrome (LQTS) are currently unknown. The main objective was to explore the effects of EST on the corrected QT interval (QTc) in patients with LQTS, and to compare the effects of different EST modalities (cycle ergometer vs treadmill).

Data Sources: Systematic searches were performed in September 2022 in accordance with the PRISMA statement through PubMed, Medline, EBM Reviews, Embase, and Web of Science.

Emerging biologic augmentation strategies for meniscal repair: a systematic review.

Background: Meniscal repair should be the gold standard. However, the meniscus is poorly vascularized and even an excellent meniscus repair may not heal. Therefore, numerous studies and systematic reviews have been carried out on platelet-rich plasma (PRP), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and fibrin clots for meniscal augmentation, but the results remain controversial.

The effects of vitamin D supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers in patients with asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: While the association between vitamin D and several inflammatory biomarkers in asthma patients has been extensively reported, it remains unclear whether supplementation modifies these biomarkers. This review aims to evaluate the impact of vitamin D supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers measured in individuals with asthma.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published until November 2022 in six electronic databases evaluating the impact of vitamin D supplementation (any dose, form, administration route, frequency, or duration) compared to placebo in children or adults.

Management of Procedural Pain and Anxiety in Youth With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Scoping Review.

Background: Although there is a body of literature on the implementation of interventions to manage procedural pain and anxiety in youth with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), we found no literature presenting the current state of knowledge on this topic.

Objectives: To review the state of knowledge on interventions for the management of procedural pain and anxiety in children and adolescents with ASD.

Method: A scoping review using PRISMA-ScR was conducted.

Impact of preterm birth on muscle mass and function: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Individuals born preterm present lower exercise capacity. Along with the cardiopulmonary responses and activity level, muscle strength is a key determinant of exercise capacity. This systematic review aimed to summarize the current knowledge on the impact of preterm birth on skeletal muscle mass and function across the lifespan.

Topical anesthetics for needle-related pain in adults and children (TOPIC): a mini-review.

Purpose: Healthcare professionals (HCP) perform various needle procedures that can be distressing and painful for children and adults. Even though many strategies have been proven effective in reducing distress and pain, topical anesthetic use before needle procedures is uncommon. However, there are limited studies in the existing literature comparing specifically liposomal lidocaine and tetracaine hydrochloride topical creams.

Cardiac electrical abnormalities in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia survivors: a systematic review.

Purpose: The aim was to provide evidence about the prevalence, incidence, and risk factors of cardiac electrical abnormalities in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) survivors.

Methods: We included all original studies reporting the incidence and/or prevalence of cardiac electrical abnormalities and/or risk factors associated with cardiac electrical abnormalities in childhood ALL survivors (< 21 years old at the time of their initial cancer diagnosis) who were post-treatment. Searches of the databases PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE(R) and Epub Ahead of Print, In-Process, In-Data-Review & Other Non-Indexed Citations, Daily and Versions(R), Ovid All EBM Reviews, Ovid Embase, and ISI Web of Science were completed in May 2023.

Exercise stress cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in the assessment of induced cardiovascular responses in cardiac patients: a scoping review protocol.

Objective: This scoping review will describe cardiac magnetic resonance imaging testing protocols used in combination with exercise (Ex-CMR) to assess cardiovascular responses. The review will document the advantages and limitations of these protocols in cardiac patients.

Introduction: Ex-CMR characterizes the heart, differentiating between normal and pathological cardiac remodeling with considerable accuracy.

The influence of exercise and postural changes on ventricular repolarization in the long QT syndrome: a systematic scoping review.

Current exercise recommendations make it difficult for long QT syndrome (LQTS) patients to adopt a physically active and/or athletic lifestyle. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current evidence, identify knowledge gaps, and discuss research perspectives in the field of exercise and LQTS. The first aim is to document the influence of exercise training, exercise stress, and postural change interventions on ventricular repolarization in LQTS patients, while the second aim is to describe electrophysiological measurements used to study the above.

The Use of Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Angiography in Pediatric Surgery: A Systematic Review and Narrative Analysis.

Indocyanine green fluorescence angiography (ICG-FA) is a validated non-invasive imaging technique used to assess tissue vascularization and guide intraoperative decisions in many surgical fields including plastic surgery, neurosurgery, and general surgery. While this technology is well-established in adult surgery, it remains sparsely used in pediatric surgery. Our aim was to systematically review and provide an overview of all available evidence on the perioperative use of indocyanine green fluorescence angiography in pediatric surgical patients.

Can a Knee Brace Prevent ACL Reinjury: A Systematic Review.

This systematic review aimed to investigate whether the use of a knee brace when returning to sport (RTS) could prevent a second injury after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). This study was registered with the PROSPERO database and followed PRISMA guidelines. A systematic search of PubMed, Ovid Medline, Ovid All EBM Reviews, Ovid Embase, EBSCO Sportdiscus and ISI Web of Science databases for meta-analysis, randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort studies published before July 2020 was undertaken.

Cabergoline: a review of its use in the inhibition of lactation for women living with HIV.

Introduction: In developed countries, breastfeeding is not recommended for women living with human immunodeficiency virus (WLWH). However, lactation symptoms can be distressing for women who choose not to breastfeed. There is currently no universal guideline on the most appropriate options for prevention or reduction of lactation symptoms amongst WLWH.