Comparable Accuracy of Quantitative and Visual Analyses of [F]FDG PET/CT for the Detection of Lymph Node Metastases from Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background: In head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), [F]FDG PET/CT is recommended for detecting recurrent disease and in the initial staging for evaluating distant metastases, but its use in detecting cervical lymph metastases remains unclear. The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the diagnostic accuracy of [F]FDG-PET/CT using visual and semi-quantitative analyses for detecting the nodal involvement in HNSCC.

Methods: We analyzed consecutive patients who underwent a preoperative [F]FDG-PET/CT and neck dissection for HNSCC at our tertiary hospital.

A Theranostic Approach in SIRT: Value of Pre-Therapy Imaging in Treatment Planning.

Selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) is one of the treatment options for liver tumors. Microspheres labelled with a therapeutic radionuclide (Y or Ho) are injected into the liver artery feeding the tumor(s), usually achieving a high tumor absorbed dose and a high tumor control rate. This treatment adopts a theranostic approach with a mandatory simulation phase, using a surrogate to radioactive microspheres (Tc-macroaggregated albumin, MAA) or a scout dose of Ho microspheres, imaged by SPECT/CT.

Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in Adults: A Retrospective Study in a Belgian Teaching Hospital.

Introduction: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening disease, which can be primary (due to genetic mutation) or secondary to malignancy, infection and rheumatologic diseases. Data concerning Belgian patients with adult HLH are lacking.

Methods: This retrospective study was performed in a teaching hospital in Belgium.

Hyoepiglottic Rheumatoid Nodule Mimicking Head and Neck Malignancy on 18 F-FDG PET/CT.

A 54-year-old man with a history of tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma treated with chemoradiotherapy and an 18-year history of seropositive rheumatoid arthritis in remission without maintenance therapy presented with right cervical pain and dysphagia for several months. Flexible laryngoscopy did not show any lesion, and MRI revealed a necrotic lesion inside the thyro-hyo-epiglottic space attached to the hyoid bone. 18 F-FDG PET/CT demonstrated a moderately increased metabolic activity of the lesion without any other suspected lesions.

TCP post-radioembolization and TCP post-EBRT in HCC are similar and can be predicted using the in vitro radiosensitivity.

Background: Tumor equivalent uniform dose (EUD) is proposed as a predictor of patient outcome after liver radioembolization (RE) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and can be evaluated with Y-TOF-PET. The aim is to evaluate the correlation between PET-based tumors EUD and the clinical response evaluated with dual molecular tracer (C-acetate and F-FDG) PET/CT post-RE.

Methods: 34 HCC tumors in 22 patients were prospectively evaluated.

The Role of Quantitative and Semi-quantitative [F]FDG-PET/CT Indices for Evaluating Disease Activity and Management of Patients With Dermatomyositis and Polymyositis.

Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are considered systemic diseases involving different organs and some subtypes are associated with increased cancer risk. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of the current use and potential applications of (semi-)quantitative [F]FDG-PET/CT indices in patients with IIM focusing on dermatomyositis and polymyositis. Visual interpretation and (semi-)quantitative [F]FDG-PET indices have a good overall performance to detect muscle activity but objective, robust and standardized interpretation criteria are currently lacking.

Optimization of the Clinical Effectiveness of Radioembolization in Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Dosimetry and Patient-Selection Criteria.

Selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) is part of the treatment strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Strong clinical data demonstrated the effectiveness of this therapy in HCC with a significant improvement in patient outcomes. Recent studies demonstrated a strong correlation between the tumor response and the patient outcome when the tumor-absorbed dose was assessed by nuclear medicine imaging.

Antireflux catheter improves tumor targeting in liver radioembolization with resin microspheres.

Purpose: We aimed to determine whether antireflux (ARC) catheter may result in better tumor targeting in liver radioembolization using 90Y-resin microspheres.

Methods: Patients treated with resin microspheres for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and secondary liver malignancies were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent a 99mTc-macroaggregated albumin (99mTc-MAA) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) following the planning arteriography with a conventional end-hole catheter.

Accurate non-tumoral 99mTc-MAA absorbed dose prediction to plan optimized activities in liver radioembolization using resin microspheres.

Aim: The manufacturers' recommended methods to calculate delivered activities in liver radioembolization are simplistic and only slightly personalized. Activity planning could also be based on a Tc-macroaggregated albumin SPECT/CT (MAA) using the partition model but its accuracy is controversial. This study evaluates the dose parameters in the normal liver and in the tumor compartments using MAA SPECT/CT (pre-therapeutic imaging) and Y TOF-PET/CT (post-therapy imaging).

Successful treatment with yttrium-90 microspheres in a metastatic breast cancer patient and sclerosing cholangitis.

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy occurring in women worldwide. More than 90% of patients present with localized disease are treated with curative intent; however, recurrence can occur with development of metastatic lesions. Frequently associated with extra-hepatic lesions, localized treatments (surgery or stereotaxic body radiotherapy) are rarely proposed in liver lesions.

Microspheres Used in Liver Radioembolization: From Conception to Clinical Effects.

Inert microspheres, labeled with several radionuclides, have been developed during the last two decades for the intra-arterial treatment of liver tumors, generally called Selective Intrahepatic radiotherapy (SIRT). The aim is to embolize microspheres into the hepatic capillaries, accessible through the hepatic artery, to deliver high levels of local radiation to primary (such as hepatocarcinoma, HCC) or secondary (metastases from several primary cancers, e.g.

Hepatic Arterial Buffer Response in Liver Radioembolization and Potential Use for Improved Cancer Therapy.

Liver radioembolization is a treatment option for unresectable liver cancers, performed by infusion of Y or Ho loaded spheres in the hepatic artery. As tumoral cells are mainly perfused via the liver artery unlike hepatic lobules, a twofold tumor to normal liver dose ratio is commonly obtained. To improve tumoral cell killing while preserving lobules, co-infusion of arterial vasoconstrictor has been proposed but with limited success: the hepatic arterial buffer response (HABR) and hepatic vascular escape mechanism hamper the arterioles vasoconstriction.

Prediction of tumor response and patient outcome after radioembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma using 90Y-PET-computed tomography dosimetry.

Aim: 90Y-radioembolization using glass or resin microspheres is increasingly used for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this retrospective study is to determine the prognostic relevance of dosimetric parameters defined with 90Y-PET-CT obtained immediately after radioembolization.

Methods: Forty-five HCC patients, mostly with multiple lesions, were treated by radioembolization between 2011 and 2017.

Metastatic cutaneous apocrine adenocarcinoma successfully treated with systemic anti-androgen therapy-A case report.

Primary cutaneous apocrine adenocarcinoma (PCAC) is an extremely rare neoplasm involving the sweat glands. Due to a lack of cases, there is no consensus for the systemic treatment of locally advanced or metastatic PCAC. Anti-androgen therapy may have activity in inoperable or metastatic PCAC with high androgen receptor (AR) expression.

Vertebral uptake of Tc-macroaggregated albumin during lung perfusion scanning.

A 53-year-old female underwent a lung ventilation/perfusion scintigraphy (V/Q scan) in the workup of extensive thrombosis of the left subclavian and internal jugular veins. The perfusion lung scan visualized an atypical uptake in the thoracic vertebrae. A chest Computed Tomography (CT) scan demonstrated unusual tortuous and opacified thoracic superficial veins, collaterals of the lateral thoracic vein.

A case report of cutaneous leishmaniasis: a misleading clinical presentation.

Background: The diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is often difficult because of the diversity of clinical presentations, its often-misleading appearance and the very long incubation period (time between the endemic stay and the onset of skin lesions).

Case: We report the case of an otherwise healthy 67-year-old man who presented with inflammatory skin lesions on the scalp and face for the past 7 years. The lesions were first mistaken as cutaneous sarcoidosis, mycobacterial infection, and cutaneous lymphoma.

Sorafenib Reduced Significantly Heptopulmonary Shunt in a Large Hepatocelullar Carcinoma.

An 81-year-old man with a large hepatocellular carcinoma was referred in our institution for Y radioembolization (RE). The preliminary arteriography using Tc-macroaggregate albumin demonstrated an important hepatopulmonary shunt. It was an exclusion criterion for RE due to high risks of lung radiations.

An unusual case of cardiac tamponade: Bronchogenic cyst infection due to Salmonella bredeney.

We present an unusual case of cardiac tamponade in a 17-year-old girl immunocompetent patient due to Salmonella enterica ssp. bredeney following infection of a bronchogenic cyst. The patient was admitted to hospital with pleuritic chest pain, dyspnoea and fever.