Endovascular treatment of distal anterior cerebral artery aneurysms using flow modulation devices: mid- and long-term results from a two-center study.

Purpose: Flow-diverter (FD) stents have become an established treatment for intracranial aneurysms in recent years, but their use for aneurysms in distal cerebral vessels with small carrier vessel diameters remains controversial. This study describes the method and mid- and long-term outcomes of FD treatment of distal anterior cerebral artery aneurysms (DACAAs) at two neurointerventional centers, to elucidate this topic and provide more in-depth data.

Methods: Data for all patients at two neurointerventional centers who were treated with FDs for DACAAs in the pericallosal and supracallosal segment of the anterior cerebral artery were retrospectively analyzed.

Triple platelet inhibition in intracranial thrombectomy with additional acute cervical stent angioplasty due to tandem lesion: a retrospective single-center analysis.

Background: Acute stroke treatment with intracranial thrombectomy and treatment of ipsilateral carotid artery stenosis/occlusion ("tandem lesion", TL) in one session is considered safe. However, the risk of stent restenosis after TL treatment is high, and antiplatelet therapy (APT) preventing restenosis must be well balanced to avoid intracranial hemorrhage. We investigated the safety and 90-day outcome of patients receiving TL treatment under triple-APT, focused on stent-patency and possible disadvantageous comorbidities.

Drug-Coated Balloons for Treatment of Internal Carotid Artery Restenosis After Stenting: A Single-Center Mid-Term Outcome Study.

Purpose: Endovascular and surgical treatments of stenosis of the extracranial internal carotid artery (ICA) are common procedures, yet both introduce a risk of restenosis due to endothelial hyperplasia. Drug-coated balloons (DCBs) are designed to decrease neointimal hyperplasia, however rarely used in the neurovascular setting. This study retrospectively analyzes mid-term results of DCB-treated in-stent restenosis (ISR) of the ICA.

High-dose chemotherapy and autologous haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation in older, fit patients with primary diffuse large B-cell CNS lymphoma (MARTA): a single-arm, phase 2 trial.

Background: Available treatments for older patients with primary diffuse large B-cell CNS lymphoma (PCNSL) offer progression-free survival of up to 16 months. We aimed to investigate an intensified treatment of high-dose chemotherapy and autologous haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) in older patients with PCNSL.

Methods: MARTA was a prospective, single-arm, phase 2 study done at 15 research hospitals in Germany.

Target insertion depth of nasopharyngeal temperature probes in children: A prospective observational study analyzing magnetic resonance images.

Background: Core temperature monitoring is indispensable to prevent children from perioperative thermal perturbations. Although nasopharyngeal measurements are commonly used in anesthesia and considered to reflect core temperature accurately, standardized target depths for probe insertion are unknown in children.

Aims: Our primary goal was to determine a target depth of nasopharyngeal temperature probe insertion in children by measuring distances on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Carotid Artery Stenting in Patients with Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Stenosis: In-Hospital Clinical Outcomes at a Single Neurovascular Center.

Background: Carotid artery stenting (CAS) is a minimally invasive and proven percutaneous procedure that is widely used to treat patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis. The purpose of this study was to characterize the in-hospital outcomes of symptomatic and asymptomatic patients undergoing CAS at a single neurovascular center.

Methods: The study was conducted as a retrospective analysis of 1158 patients (asymptomatic, = 636; symptomatic, = 522; male, = 816; median age, 71 years; NASCET method, 70-99% stenosis, = 830) who underwent CAS between May 2009 and December 2020.

Drug-coated Balloons in the Neurovascular Setting: A Comprehensive, Systematic Review of Current Use and Indications.

Background: Drug-coated balloons (DCB) are an established tool in the prevention and treatment of coronary and peripheral artery restenosis. The underlying effects of restenosis resemble those in the neurovascular field, yet data on the use of DCB in cervical and intracranial arteries is rare.

Methods: Medline, and international and major national guidelines and recommendations were systematically searched for data addressing the use of DCB in the neurovascular setting.

Combined Anticoagulation and Antiaggregation in Acute Cervical Artery Dissection.

Cervical artery dissection (CAD) is a frequent cause of stroke in young adults. Previous studies investigating the efficiency of anticoagulation (AC) versus antiplatelet therapy (AT) found an insignificant difference. We therefore retrospectively evaluated a combination of AC plus AT in patients with acute CAD regarding safety and efficacy.

Working with estimation-formulas to predict nasopharyngeal airway insertion depth in children: Looking at magnetic resonance images - A prospective observational study (WEND:LI-Study).

Objective: To determine the accuracy of the recently proposed landmark-method 'nostril-to-tragus minus 10 mm' and compare with ERC-recommended distances for nasopharyngeal airway length sizing in children.

Method: We conducted a prospective observational study in sedated children < 12 years. Nasopharyngeal airways were inserted following 'nostril-to-tragus minus 10 mm'.

Case Report: Findings Suggestive of Paraclinical Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy and Lung Cancer-Derived Brain Metastases in an MS Patient Treated With Fingolimod.

Fingolimod represents a highly effective disease-modifying drug in patients with active relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Its immunosuppressive effects can mediate adverse events like increased risk of cancer development or appearance of opportunistic infections. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML)-representing a severe opportunistic infection-has been only infrequently described during Fingolimod treatment.

KCNA2 Autoimmunity in Progressive Cognitive Impairment: Case Series and Literature Review.

Autoimmune dementia is a novel and expanding field which subsumes neuropsychiatric disorders with predominant cognitive impairments due to an underlying autoimmune etiology. Progressive dementias with atypical clinical presentation should trigger a thorough diagnostic approach including testing for neural surface and intracellular antibodies to avoid a delay in accurate diagnosis and initiating appropriate therapy. Here, we present two emerging cases of progressive dementia with co-existing serum autoantibodies against the KCNA2 (potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 2) subunit.

Case Report: Association of a Variant of Unknown Significance in the Gene With Frontotemporal Dementia and Slowly Progressing Motoneuron Disease: A Case Report Depicting Common Challenges in Clinical and Genetic Diagnostics of Rare Neuropsychiatric and Neurologic Disorders.

Background: Modern genetics have in many ways revolutionized clinical routine and have, for instance, shown that formerly distinct disease entities relate to common pathogenic mutations. One such example is the connection between dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in a continuous disease spectrum affirmed by the discovery of shared mutations.

Case Report: We describe a new variant in the gene in a patient with slowly progressing frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and probable primary lateral sclerosis (PLS).

Ultrahigh-field MPRAGE Magnetic Resonance Angiography at 7.0 T in patients with cerebrovascular disease.

Objectives: Time-of-flight (TOF) magnetic-resonance-angiography (MRA) identifies vessel pathology in cerebrovascular disease. At 7.0 T, the clinical performance of TOF-MRA is constrained owing to radio frequency power deposition.

Feasibility of flat panel detector computed tomography for position assessment of external ventricular drainage.

Background And Purpose: New angiographic devices with flat panel detectors allow cross-sectional imaging within the angiographic suite. In patients receiving external ventricular drainage (EVD) to manage hydrocephalus following subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH), these may help evaluating the position of an EVD without moving the patient to a conventional computed tomography (CT) scanner. It could facilitate patients' management in a life-threatening status.

Femoral nerve palsy caused by ileopectineal bursitis after total hip replacement: a case report.

Introduction: Infectious ileopectineal bursitis is a rare complication after total hip replacement and is associated mainly with rheumatoid arthritis. The main complications are local swelling and pain, but communication of the inflamed bursa with the joint can occur, leading to subsequent cartilage damage and bone destruction.

Case Presentation: We report a case of a 47-year-old Caucasian woman without rheumatoid arthritis who reported pain and palsy in her left leg almost one year after total hip replacement.