Efficiency of ozonation and sulfate radical - AOP for removal of pharmaceuticals, corrosion inhibitors, x-ray contrast media and perfluorinated compounds from reverse osmosis concentrates.

This study investigated the elimination of pharmaceuticals, corrosion inhibitors, x-ray contrast media and perfluorinated compounds from reverse osmosis concentrates during ozonation and UV/persulfate processes. Second-order rate constants for the reactions of candesartan, irbesartan, methyl-benzotriazole, and chloro‑benzotriazole with sulfate radical (SO) were determined for the first time. Experiments were conducted in buffered pure water, in buffered water added with the matrix substituents chloride, carbonate, NOM, and reverse osmosis concentrate with spiked micropollutants (MP).

Aromatic amines contents of cigarette butts: Fresh and aged cigarette butts vs unsmoked cigarette.

Cigarette butts (CBs) are some of the most abundant waste items in the environment and may contain high levels of different toxic chemicals, such as aromatic amines (AAs). However, to this date, there is no comprehensive study on the role of CBs in the emission of AAs into the environment. The present study investigated for the first time the concentration levels of 10 primary aromatic amines (PAAs), including ANL, p-TOL, m-TOL, o-TOL, 2,6-DMA, o-ASD, 2-NA, 1-NA, 3-ABP, and 4-ABP that were measured and compared in unsmoked cigarette, freshly smoked CBs, and CBs collected from urban streets (named here aged CBs).