Bismuth as a versatile cation for luminescence in coordination polymers from BiX/4,4'-bipy: understanding of photophysics by quantum chemical calculations and structural parallels to lanthanides.

Coordination polymers (CPs) with bismuth(iii) as a connectivity centre have been prepared from BiX3 (X = Cl-I) and 4,4'-bipyridine (bipy) in order to implement Bi-based luminescence. The products were obtained via different synthetic routes such as solution chemistry, melt syntheses or mechanochemical reactions. Five neutral and anionic 1D-CPs are presented that show a chemical parallel to trivalent lanthanides forming isostructural or closely related 1D-CPs, of which five additional compounds are described.

Study of the Discrepancies between Crystallographic Porosity and Guest Access into Cadmium-Imidazolate Frameworks and Tunable Luminescence Properties by Incorporation of Lanthanides.

An extended member of the isoreticular family of metal-imidazolate framework structures, IFP-6 (IFP=imidazolate framework Potsdam), based on cadmium metal and an in situ functionalized 2-methylimidazolate-4-amide-5-imidate linker is reported. A porous 3D framework with 1D hexagonal channels with accessible pore windows of 0.52 nm has been synthesized by using an ionic liquid (IL) linker precursor.

Post-Synthetic Shaping of Porosity and Crystal Structure of Ln-Bipy-MOFs by Thermal Treatment.

The reaction of anhydrous lanthanide chlorides together with 4,4'-bipyridine yields the MOFs 2∞[Ln2Cl6(bipy)3]·2bipy, with Ln = Pr - Yb, bipy = 4,4'-bipyridine, and 3∞[La2Cl6(bipy)5]·4bipy. Post-synthetic thermal treatment in combination with different vacuum conditions was successfully used to shape the porosity of the MOFs. In addition to the MOFs microporosity, a tuneable mesoporosity can be implemented depending on the treatment conditions as a surface morphological modification.

Ionic liquid versus prodrug strategy to address formulation challenges.

Purpose: A poorly water soluble acidic active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) was transformed into an ionic liquid (IL) aiming at faster and higher oral availability in comparison to a prodrug.

Methods: API preparations were characterized in solid state by single crystal and powder diffraction, NMR, DSC, IR and in solution by NMR and ESI-MS. Dissolution and precipitation kinetics were detailed as was the role of the counterion on API supersaturation.

The series of rare earth complexes [Ln2Cl6 (μ-4,4'-bipy)(py)6], Ln=Y, Pr, Nd, Sm-Yb: a molecular model system for luminescence properties in MOFs based on LnCl3 and 4,4'-bipyridine.

A series of 12 dinuclear complexes [Ln2Cl6(μ-4,4'-bipy)(py)6], Ln=Y, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, (1-12, respectively) was synthesized by an anhydrous solvothermal reaction in pyridine. The complexes contain a 4,4'-bipyridine bridge and exhibit a coordination sphere closely related to luminescent lanthanide MOFs based on LnCl3 and 4,4-bipyridine. The dinuclear complexes therefore function as a molecular model system to provide a better understanding of the luminescence mechanisms in the Ln-N-MOFs (∞)(2)[Ln2Cl6(4,4'-bipy)3]·2(4,4'-bipy).

Metal-organic framework luminescence in the yellow gap by codoping of the homoleptic imidazolate ∞(3)[Ba(Im)2] with divalent europium.

The rare case of a metal-triggered broad-band yellow emitter among inorganic-organic hybrid materials was achieved by in situ codoping of the novel imidazolate metal-organic framework ∞(3)[Ba(Im)2] with divalent europium. The emission maximum of this dense framework is in the center of the yellow gap of primary light-emitting diode phosphors. Up to 20% Eu2+ can be added to replace Ba2+ as connectivity centers without causing observable phase segregation.

Alkaline earth imidazolate coordination polymers by solvent free melt synthesis as potential host lattices for rare earth photoluminescence: (x)(∞)[AE(Im)2(ImH)(2-3)], Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, x = 1-2.

The series of alkaline earth elements magnesium, calcium, strontium and barium yields single crystalline imidazolate coordination polymers by reactions of the metals with a melt of 1H-imidazole: (1)(∞)[Mg(Im)(2)(ImH)(3)] (1), (2)(∞)[AE(Im)(2)(ImH)(2)], AE = Ca (2), Sr (3), and (1)(∞)[Ba(Im)(2)(ImH)(2)] (4). No additional solvents were used for the reactions. Co-doping experiments by addition of the rare earth elements cerium, europium and terbium were carried out.

Mixed valence europium nitridosilicate Eu2SiN3.

The mixed valence europium nitridosilicate Eu(2)SiN(3) has been synthesized at 900 degrees C in welded tantalum ampules starting from europium and silicon diimide Si(NH)(2) in a lithium flux. The structure of the black material has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis (Cmca (no. 64), a = 542.

Botulinum toxin: A noninvasive option for the symptomatic treatment of salivary gland stenosis - a case report.

Background: A man diagnosed with Stensen's duct stenosis exhibited recurrent parotid swelling, invariably during meals. Previous parotid duct dilations and percutaneous radiotherapy were ineffective. Botulinum toxin (BTX) injections were injected into the affected gland to regulate salivary flow and reduce parotid swelling.