Enhancement of the Plant-Accessible Phosphate Fraction in Sewage Sludge Ashes by Na or K Addition Prior to Combustion.

With the aim of transforming sewage sludge into a P-fertiliser material in a single combustion step, the chemical processes underlying sewage sludge combustion were analysed using powder X-ray diffraction (P-XRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR), thermogravimetric (TGA) as well as elemental analyses (EA). In addition to the combustion of sewage sludge on its own ("mono-combustion"), additions of different additives prior to the combustion step were also carried out. Based on the very positive effects of the additives sodium and potassium carbonate on the obtained ashes concerning their phosphate solubilities in neutral ammonium citrate (NAC) solution, sewage sludge combustions after additions of NaCO or KCO were investigated in detail.

Decomposition of Halogenated Molybdenum Sulfide Dianions [MoSX] (X = Cl, Br, I).

Molybdenum sulfides are considered a promising and inexpensive alternative to platinum as a catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction. In this study, we perform collision-induced dissociation experiments in the gas phase with the halogenated molybdenum sulfides [MoSCl], [MoSBr], and [MoSI]. We show that the first fragmentation step for all three dianions is charge separation via loss of a halide ion.

Rearrangement and decomposition pathways of bare and hydrogenated molybdenum oxysulfides in the gas phase.

Molybdenum sulfides and molybdenum oxysulfides are considered a promising and cheap alternative to platinum as a catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). To better understand possible rearrangements during catalyst activation, we perform collision induced dissociation experiments in the gas phase with eight different molybdenum oxysulfides, namely [MoOS], [MoOS], [MoOS], [MoOS], [MoOS], [HMoOS], [HMoOS] and [HMoOS], on a Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometer. We identify fragmentation channels of the molybdenum oxysulfides and their interconnections.

Case Report: Local Treatment of a Leishmania tropica Infection in a Syrian Child with a Novel Filmogenic Preparation of Pharmaceutical Sodium Chlorite (LeiProtect®).

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) frequently entails chronic skin lesions that heal only slowly. Until now, the available therapeutic options are very limited. Here, we present a case of a 5½-year-old Syrian refugee with two progressive lower-leg skin ulcers caused by Leishmania tropica.

[A case of idiopathic postinfantile giant cell hepatitis treated with a calcineurin inhibitor].

Introduction: Postinfantile giant cell hepatitis is a rare entity in adult hepatopathy caused by various etiologies that can be summarized by their characteristic giant cells in histopathologic examination. Frequently, association with autoimmune, infectious and hepatotoxic events is described. Therefore, therapy consists in treatment of underlying diseases and immunosuppression.

[Mo S ] as a Model System for Hydrogen Evolution Catalysis by MoS : Probing Protonation Sites in the Gas Phase by Infrared Multiple Photon Dissociation Spectroscopy.

Materials based on molybdenum sulfide are known as efficient hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysts. As the binding site for H atoms on molybdenum sulfides for the catalytic process is under debate, [HMo S ] is an interesting molecular model system to address this question. Herein, we probe the [HMo S ] cluster in the gas phase by coupling Fourier-transform ion-cyclotron-resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) with infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD) spectroscopy.

Structural Properties of Gas Phase Molybdenum Sulfide Clusters [MoS], [HMoS], and [HMoS] as Model Systems of a Promising Hydrogen Evolution Catalyst.

Amorphous molybdenum sulfide (MoS ) is a potent catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Since mechanistic investigations on amorphous solids are particularly difficult, we use a bottom-up approach and study the [MoS] nanocluster and its protonated forms. The mass selected pure [MoS] as well as singly and triply protonated [HMoS] and [HMoS] ions, respectively, were investigated by a combination of collision induced dissociation (CID) experiments and quantum chemical calculations.

Evolution of Oxygen-Metal Electron Transfer and Metal Electronic States During Manganese Oxide Catalyzed Water Oxidation Revealed with In Situ Soft X-Ray Spectroscopy.

Manganese oxide (MnO ) electrocatalysts are examined herein by in situ soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) during the oxidation of water buffered by borate (pH 9.2) at potentials from 0.75 to 2.

Optimized synthesis and indium complex formation with the bifunctional chelator NODIA-Me.

The bifunctional chelator NODIA-Me holds promise for radiopharmaceutical development. NODIA-Me is based on the macrocycle TACN (1,4,7-triazacyclononane) and incorporates two additional methylimidazole arms for metal chelation and an acetic acid residue for bioconjugation. The original two step synthesis was less than optimal due to low yields and the requirement of semi-preparative RP-HPLC purifications.

A Case of Large Meningeal Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma With WWTR1-CAMTA1 Gene Rearrangement and Slow Growth Over 15 Years.

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a rare vascular neoplasm predominantly occurring in the soft tissue. A majority of EHE cases is driven by a WW domain containing transcription regulator protein 1 (WWTR1)-calmodulin-binding transcription activator 1 (CAMTA1) gene fusion. The clinical course of EHE ranges from long-term favorable to rapidly aggressive.

Cosputtered Calcium Manganese Oxide Electrodes for Water Oxidation.

Calcium manganese oxide films were prepared by cosputter deposition from Mn and CaMnO targets and evaluated for their suitability as catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a compact morphology for the as-deposited films and the formation of nanorodlike features on the surfaces after annealing at 600 °C. X-ray-photoelectron-spectroscopy analysis showed that the surface oxidation state is close to +III (as in MnO) for the as-deposited films and increases slightly to a mixture of III and IV after annealing occurs in dry air at 400-600 °C.

A precursor method for the synthesis of new Ce(iv) MOFs with reactive tetracarboxylate linkers.

A precursor method has been developed to synthesize Ce(iv) MOFs that could not be prepared directly from Ce(iv) salts. Starting from Ce clusters, two Ce-UiO-66 analogues and four tetracarboxylate-based Ce(iv) MOFs could be synthesized. The applied method facilitates framework formation by evading reactive individual Ce(iv)-ions thereby paving the way for further development of Ce-MOFs.

Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation by MnO /C: In Situ Catalyst Formation, Carbon Substrate Variations, and Direct O /CO Monitoring by Membrane-Inlet Mass Spectrometry.

Layers of amorphous manganese oxides were directly formed on the surfaces of different carbon materials by exposing the carbon to aqueous solutions of permanganate (MnO ) followed by sintering at 100-400 °C. During electrochemical measurements in neutral aqueous buffer, nearly all of the MnO /C electrodes show significant oxidation currents at potentials relevant for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, by combining electrolysis with product detection by using mass spectrometry, it was found that these currents were only strictly linked to water oxidation if MnO was deposited on graphitic carbon materials (faradaic O yields >90 %).

Epithelioid hemangioendotheliomas of the liver and lung in children and adolescents.

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a rare, vascular sarcoma. Visceral forms arise in the liver/ lungs. We review the clinical and molecular phenotype of pediatric visceral EHE based on the case of a 9-year-old male child with EHE of the liver/lungs.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Robot-Guided, Software Based Transperineal MRI/TRUS Fusion Biopsy of the Prostate in a High Risk Population of Previously Biopsy Negative Men.

. In this study, we compared prostate cancer detection rates between MRI-TRUS fusion targeted and systematic biopsies using a robot-guided, software based transperineal approach. .

Light- or oxidation-triggered CO release from [Mn(CO)(κ-L)] complexes: reaction intermediates and a new synthetic route to [Mn(μ-O)(L)] compounds.

The reaction products and intermediates of the three CO-releasing manganese(i) coordination compounds [Mn(tpm)(CO)], [Mn(bpza)(CO)] and [Mn(tpa)(CO)] were analysed by combining IR-spectroscopy, electrochemical measurements and single-crystal XRD. The intermediate formation of manganese(i) biscarbonyl compounds and the rather facile oxidation of these species were identified as key reaction steps that accompany CO liberation. For the use of [Mn(CO)] complexes as light-triggered CO sources, the results indicate that in this case photo- and redox-chemistry seem to be strongly coupled which could be important and potentially even useful in the pharmacological context.

Hysteroscopic treatment of uterine tumor resembling ovarian sex cord-like tumor (UTROSCT).

The decision to preserve the uterus in a young nulliparous woman with an extremely rare tumor is challenging. Uterine tumor resembling ovarian sex cord-like tumor (UTROSCT) belongs to the rarest uterine pathologies. A 22-year-old nulligravida with uterine bleeding underwent a hysteroscopic resection of an intrauterine mass presumed as grade-1 submucous myoma.

Water Oxidation Catalysis by Synthetic Manganese Oxides with Different Structural Motifs: A Comparative Study.

Manganese oxides are considered to be very promising materials for water oxidation catalysis (WOC), but the structural parameters influencing their catalytic activity have so far not been clearly identified. For this study, a dozen manganese oxides (MnOx ) with various solid-state structures were synthesised and carefully characterised by various physical and chemical methods. WOC by the different MnOx was then investigated with Ce(4+) as chemical oxidant.

Sn(IV) Metalloporphyrin/Co(III) Complex: An All-Abundant-Element System for the Photocatalytic Production of H2 in Aqueous Solution.

A new, molecular system for the light-driven production of hydrogen in aqueous solution was developed by combining a water-soluble tin porphyrin ([Sn(IV)Cl2TPPC], A) acting as photosensitizer with a cobalt-based proton-reduction catalyst ([Co(III)Cl(dmgH)2(py)], C). Under visible light illumination and with triethanolamine (TEOA) as electron source, the system evolves H2 for hours and is clearly catalytic in both dye and catalyst. A detailed analysis of the relevant redox potentials in combination with time-resolved spectroscopy resulted in the development of a Z-scheme type model for the flow of electrons in this system.

Biomimetic Water-Oxidation Catalysts: Manganese Oxides.

The catalytic oxidation of water to molecular oxygen is a key process for the production of solar fuels. Inspired by the biological manganese-based active site for this reaction in the enzyme Photosystem II, researchers have made impressive progress in the last decades regarding the development of synthetic manganese catalysts for water oxidation. For this, it has been especially fruitful to explore the many different types of known manganese oxides MnOx.

Water oxidation catalysis by birnessite@iron oxide core-shell nanocomposites.

In this work, magnetic nanocomposite particles were prepared for water oxidation reactions. The studied catalysts consist of maghemite (γ-Fe2O3), magnetite (Fe3O4), and manganese ferrite (MnFe2O4) nanoparticles as cores coated in situ with birnessite-type manganese oxide shells and were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermal, chemical, and surface analyses, and magnetic measurements. The particles were found to be of nearly spherical core-shell architectures with average diameter of 150 nm.

Electrochemical and mARC-catalyzed enzymatic reduction of para-substituted benzamidoximes: consequences for the prodrug concept "amidoximes instead of amidines".

The mitochondrial amidoxime reducing component (mARC) activates amidoxime prodrugs by reduction to the corresponding amidine drugs. This study analyzes relationships between the chemical structure of the prodrug and its metabolic activation and compares its enzyme-mediated vs. electrochemical reduction.