A Peek into the Plasmidome of Global Sewage.

Plasmids can provide a selective advantage for microorganisms to survive and adapt to new environmental conditions. Plasmid-encoded traits, such as antimicrobial resistance (AMR) or virulence, impact the ecology and evolution of bacteria and can significantly influence the burden of infectious diseases. Insight about the identity and functions encoded on plasmids on the global scale are largely lacking.

Reconstruction of ancient microbial genomes from the human gut.

Loss of gut microbial diversity in industrial populations is associated with chronic diseases, underscoring the importance of studying our ancestral gut microbiome. However, relatively little is known about the composition of pre-industrial gut microbiomes. Here we performed a large-scale de novo assembly of microbial genomes from palaeofaeces.

Addressing Learning Needs on the Use of Metagenomics in Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance.

One Health surveillance of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) depends on a harmonized method for detection of AMR. Metagenomics-based surveillance offers the possibility to compare resistomes within and between different target populations. Its potential to be embedded into policy in the future calls for a timely and integrated knowledge dissemination strategy.

Draft Genome Sequence of sp. Strain IGB-42, a Chitinolytic Bacterium Isolated from a Soil Sample of an Anthill in Stuttgart, Germany.

sp. strain IGB-42 is a chitin-degrading bacterium isolated from the soil of an anthill. The genome contains 4.

Genomics-Based Identification of Microorganisms in Human Ocular Body Fluid.

Advances in genomics have the potential to revolutionize clinical diagnostics. Here, we examine the microbiome of vitreous (intraocular body fluid) from patients who developed endophthalmitis following cataract surgery or intravitreal injection. Endophthalmitis is an inflammation of the intraocular cavity and can lead to a permanent loss of vision.

Draft Genome Sequences of Three Strains Presenting New Candidate Organisms with High Potentials for Specific P450 Cytochromes.

The three strains DSM 40041 DSM 535, and DSM 40063 were described to selectively oxyfunctionalize several drugs. Here, we present their draft genomes to unravel their gene sets encoding promising cytochrome P450 monooxygenases associated with the generation of drug metabolites.

Draft Genome Sequence of Pseudonocardia autotrophica Strain DSM 43083, an Efficient Producer of Peroxidases for Lignin Modification.

Pseudonocardia autotrophica strain DSM 43083 is a filamentous actinobacterium and was described to degrade or modify lignin. Here, we present its draft genome sequence, with a size of 5.8 Mb, to unravel the gene set coding for promising monooxygenases, dioxygenases, and DyP-type peroxidases associated with aromatic metabolism and lignin modification.

The Molecular Blueprint of a Fungus by Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS).

Sequencing the whole genome of an organism is invaluable for its comprehensive molecular characterization and has been drastically facilitated by the advent of high-throughput sequencing techniques. Especially in clinical microbiology the impact of sequenced strains increases as resistance and virulence markers can easily be detected. Here, we describe a combined approach for sequencing a fungal genome and transcriptome from initial nucleic acid isolation through the generation of ready-to-load DNA libraries for the Illumina platform and the final step of genome assembly with subsequent gene annotation.

Transcriptomics and physiological analyses reveal co-ordinated alteration of metabolic pathways in Jatropha curcas drought tolerance.

Jatropha curcas, a multipurpose plant attracting a great deal of attention due to its high oil content and quality for biofuel, is recognized as a drought-tolerant species. However, this drought tolerance is still poorly characterized. This study aims to contribute to uncover the molecular background of this tolerance, using a combined approach of transcriptional profiling and morphophysiological characterization during a period of water-withholding (49 d) followed by rewatering (7 d).

Draft Genome Sequence of Amantichitinum ursilacus IGB-41, a New Chitin-Degrading Bacterium.

Amantichitinum ursilacus IGB-41 is a new species of chitin-degrading bacterium isolated from soil, which secretes potential industrial enzymes. The genome of A. ursilacus was sequenced, and the gene set encoding chitinases was identified.