Another challenge in malaria elimination efforts: the increase of malaria among adults after the implementation of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets (LLINs) in Dielmo, Senegal.

Background: The widespread use of artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) and long-lasting insecticide-treated nets (LLINs) has led to an impressive decrease of malaria burden these recent years in Africa. However, some new challenges about the future of malaria control and elimination efforts have appeared. Among these challenges, the loss and-or-the only partial acquisition of anti-Plasmodium immunity among exposed populations lead to an increase of the age at risk of malaria.