Imported Systemic Endemic Mycoses in Spain 1997-2021: An Analysis of a National Hospital Database.

Background: Systemic endemic mycoses are systemic fungal infections typically found in tropical and subtropical regions. Their global incidence is rising, including in nonendemic countries, mainly due to migration and international travel. They are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, especially in immunocompromised patients.

[COVID-19 readmissions during the first three epidemic periods in Orihuela, Spain: incidence, risk factors and letality].

Objective: Readmission for COVID-19 is associated with high mortality, saturation of health services, and high costs. This study aimed to assess the incidence and risk factors of readmissions in COVID-19 patients in a regional hospital of Spain from February 2020 to March 2021.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study describing the characteristics of adult patients readmitted within thirty days of discharge after being infected with SARS-CoV-2 was carried out.

Cytokine profile levels and their relationship with parasitemia and cardiomyopathy in people with Chagas disease in Spain. A prospective observational study.

Immunoregulatory networks may have a role in controlling parasitemia in the chronic phase of human Chagas disease. The aim was to describe the serum cytokine profile of Trypanosoma cruzi in chronically infected patients and to evaluate its relationship with parasitemia and Chagas cardiomyopathy.This prospective observational study included adult patients with chronic Chagas disease.

Ivermectin Effect on In-Hospital Mortality and Need for Respiratory Support in COVID-19 Pneumonia: Propensity Score-Matched Retrospective Study.

Introduction: There is negligible evidence on the efficacy of ivermectin for treating COVID-19 pneumonia. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of ivermectin for pre-emptively treating hyperinfection syndrome in order to reduce mortality and the need for respiratory support in patients hospitalized for COVID-19.

Methods: This single-center, observational, retrospective study included patients admitted with COVID-19 pneumonia at Hospital Vega Baja from 23 February 2020 to 14 March 2021.

Systematic screening of gender violence and domestic violence among HIV-positive patients: the VIHOLETA study.

We conducted a multicentre observational study in people living with HIV (PLHIV) on antiretroviral therapy in Alicante (Spain) from 2019 to 2020 aiming to analyse the prevalence of abuse and assess treatment adherence according to this variable. We used the Abuse Assessment Screen tool, the simplified medication adherence questionnaire and the medication possession ratio to assess outcomes..

Nutritional and Functional Impact of Acute SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Hospitalized Patients.

Aim: To assess the prevalence of malnutrition, frailty, and sarcopenia and the relationships between them in patients hospitalized for COVID-19. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of the prevalence, determinants, and associations between malnutrition (GLIM 2019 criteria), sarcopenia (SARC-F scale, dynamometry, and calf circumference), and frailty (FRAIL scale) upon discharge following hospitalization for COVID 19. Results: A total of 101 patients (67.

Evolution of the Use of Corticosteroids for the Treatment of Hospitalised COVID-19 Patients in Spain between March and November 2020: SEMI-COVID National Registry.

Objectives: Since the results of the RECOVERY trial, WHO recommendations about the use of corticosteroids (CTs) in COVID-19 have changed. The aim of the study is to analyse the evolutive use of CTs in Spain during the pandemic to assess the potential influence of new recommendations.

Material And Methods: A retrospective, descriptive, and observational study was conducted on adults hospitalised due to COVID-19 in Spain who were included in the SEMI-COVID-19 Registry from March to November 2020.

A Review on Strongyloidiasis in Pregnant Women.

Strongyloidiasis is a parasitic infection distributed worldwide, with an estimated 614 million people infected. Strongyloidiasis usually presents asymptomatically or with aspecific and mild clinical symptoms, mainly cutaneous, respiratory, or gastrointestinal. Disseminated disease and hyperinfection syndrome are the most serious complications, have a high mortality rate, usually occur in immunosuppressed patients, and are particularly associated with the use of corticosteroids.

Chagas Disease-Related Mortality in Spain, 1997 to 2018.

Background: Chagas disease (CD) is associated with excess mortality in infected people in endemic countries, but little information is available in non-endemic countries. The aim of the study was to analyze mortality in patients admitted to the hospital with CD in Spain.

Methods: A retrospective, observational study using the Spanish National Hospital Discharge Database.

Estimation of Admission D-dimer Cut-off Value to Predict Venous Thrombotic Events in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: Analysis of the SEMI-COVID-19 Registry.

Background: Venous thrombotic events (VTE) are frequent in COVID-19, and elevated plasma D-dimer (pDd) and dyspnea are common in both entities.

Objective: To determine the admission pDd cut-off value associated with in-hospital VTE in patients with COVID-19.

Methods: Multicenter, retrospective study analyzing the at-admission pDd cut-off value to predict VTE and anticoagulation intensity along hospitalization due to COVID-19.

Chagas disease screening in pregnant Latin American women: Adherence to a systematic screening protocol in a non-endemic country.

Background: Chagas disease (CD) is a chronic parasitic disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi and is endemic to continental Latin America. In Spain, the main transmission route is congenital. We aimed to assess adherence to regional recommendations of universal screening for CD during pregnancy in Latin American women in the province of Alicante from 2014 to 2018.

Enzyme replacement therapy for the treatment of Hunter disease: A systematic review with narrative synthesis and meta-analysis.

Background: In the last 10 years enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) has become an alternative for the treatment of patients with Hunter disease (HD). Nevertheless, the information regarding efficacy and safety is scarce and mainly based on the pivotal trials. This scarcity is especially evident for adults and severe forms of HD.

Asymptomatic Strongyloidiasis among Latin American Migrants in Spain: A Community-Based Approach.

Unlabelled: infection is frequently underdiagnosed since many infections remain asymptomatic.

Aim: To estimate the prevalence and characteristics of asymptomatic infection in Latin American migrants attending a community-based screening program for Chagas disease in Spain.

Methodology: Three community-based Chagas disease screening campaigns were performed in Alicante (Spain) in 2016, 2017, and 2018.

Cost-effectiveness of different strategies for screening and treatment of in migrants from endemic countries to the European Union.

Background: The best strategy for controlling morbidity due to imported strongyloidiasis in migrants is unclear. We evaluate the cost-effectiveness of six possible interventions.

Methods: We developed a stochastic Markov chain model.

Imported cysticercosis in Spain: A retrospective case series from the +REDIVI Collaborative Network.

Background: Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is the most common parasitic neurological disease worldwide and a major cause of epilepsy. Spain is the country reporting the highest number of NCC imported cases in Europe.

Methodology: Retrospective case series of NCC patients registered in the +REDIVI Network from October 1, 2009 to July 2018.

Latent and active tuberculosis infections in migrants and travellers: A retrospective analysis from the Spanish +REDIVI collaborative network.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of infectious disease mortality worldwide. We analysed active and latent TB infections (LTBI) from the Spanish Network for the Study of Imported Infectious Diseases by Travellers and Immigrants (+REDIVI).

Methods: Observational, retrospective, multicentre study of TB and LTBI registered in the +REDIVI network from October 2009 to December 2016.

Microscopic observation drug-susceptibility assay vs. Xpert MTB/RIF for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in a rural African setting: a cost-utility analysis.

Objective: To compare the cost-utility of microscopic observation drug-susceptibility assay (MODS) and Xpert MTB/RIF implementation for tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis in rural northern Mozambique.

Methods: Stochastic transmission compartmental TB model from the healthcare provider perspective with parameter input from direct measurements, systematic literature reviews and expert opinion. MODS and Xpert MTB/RIF were evaluated as replacement test of smear microscopy (SM) or as an add-on test after a negative SM.

Retention in care of HIV-infected pregnant and lactating women starting ART under Option B+ in rural Mozambique.

Objective: In 2013, Mozambique adopted Option B+, universal lifelong antiretroviral therapy (ART) for all pregnant and lactating women, as national strategy for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. We analysed retention in care of pregnant and lactating women starting Option B+ in rural northern Mozambique.

Methods: We compared ART outcomes in pregnant ('B+ pregnant'), lactating ('B+ lactating') and non-pregnant non-lactating women of childbearing age starting ART according to clinical and/or immunological criteria ('own health') between July 2013 and June 2014.

Implementation challenges of a TB programme in rural northern mozambique: evaluation of 2012-2013 outcomes.

Background: We aimed to identify challenges and to propose solutions for the implementation of tuberculosis (TB) programmes in rural Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) by evaluating the outcomes of the TB programme in the Ancuabe district in rural Northern Mozambique.

Methods: Retrospective descriptive study of the patients included in the TB programme in 2012-2013. Follow-up was continued till June 2014.